Whakaahuatanga o te pūkaha i runga i waka o ngā tauira rerekē

Katoa neke taputapu hangarau, waka, taputapu hanga, watercraft me te ake. al., e rite rawa ki te pūnaha toko o ngā āhuatanga. I roto i te nuinga o te wā, tenei parariraa pūkaha ā, makona kaha, me te whai hua, te roa-whakapumautia rite te tikanga pono o te whakarato tikanga mana'o turai mahi.

whakaahuatanga General o te kōwae

Te whakaahuatanga whārangi rerengamahi pūkaha photo. Image nekeneke motu taea ki te ako i te kōpuku taketake me ngā wāhanga. I te raro ko te crankcase hinu papu, e pei atu te hinu o takere motuhake, tīmata ki te kawau hake me te mekameka whakamutunga puku huri kawau. E puta i roto i nga takere o te kawau hake, te pēhanga hinu i roto i te rangi e wha lubricates te ahunga ranei Liners taketake me crankpins crank tikanga. Wä, maputia hinu te te puta ki te hinu kohu, e taea ai te hanganga kiriata i runga i te whakaata puoto. paheke noa nga Pistons, ki ngā kore waku. E tetahi ki te toru i ia o ratou mowhiti hinu, e kei i runga i te kōpeketanga matua. Ko te whakaaro o enei mowhiti ko ki te tango te hinu te taikaha me te ārai i te reira i taka ki te ruma ngingiha. tomo hoki Oil te pūkaha kōrerorero runga, te wahi i te whakahinuhinu wā, huri kawau, lifters piha me te hua. Ko tētahi atu rohe pūnaha whakahinuhinu - he taputapu me te mekameka e rua ki te tensioner. Here, tohaina te hinu e mahara, kua maputia reira tītaka wahi. I roto i te mahi o nga microparticles whakarewa hinu pūkaha waka poke. Ia motokā he auau tēnei pukapuka, i muri i te reira e tika ana ki te whakakapi i te hinu. Ki te kore e taea te tawhiti hipoki ki te tātai, kia wā tirohia koutou te hinu pūkaha i runga i te mārama. I roto i te take e hiahiatia ai ki te whakakapi i te pouri, hohoro.

Ka taea te tīmata whakaahuatanga o te pūkaha i te parau tumu o tona mahi. Ko o rua ngā momo toko ngingiha: penehīni me te diesel, te mahi tuatahi i runga i te parau tumu o ngā haurehu roha hua i roto i te ngingiha o te ranunga combustible mura e te korakora hiko. Ko te pēhanga puta ai te kōkeke ki tere heke ki te wāhi i raro, ka tīmata te huarahi ratchet ki te takahuri, te kupu whakatika te huringa ohipa. Ko te maha tino noa o ipurau - wha, engari i reira e ono-a waru engines. I te tahi taime te maha o ngā ipurau tae ono, he tino motors kaha, rere pai, he tiketike ratou mahi. E tāuta ēnei engines i runga i papai nekeneke waka.

mahi pūkaha diesel i runga i te parau tumu taua, engari e kore ko te ranunga combustible i roto i te ruma ngingiha mura mura me te kōpeketanga raro i te mahi.

E wehea engines parariraa ā-ki e rua, me te wha-patu. He faufaa te rerekētanga i waenganui i teie mau parau tumu e rua o te mahi. engines motopaika te nuinga mahi i roto i te aratau pana-kume, ko te motokā tata katoa - wha-patunga.

ranunga inflammable

whakaahuatanga o te pūkaha rere i runga i penehīni, kia tīmata i te kau, i te riro i te Carburetor injector ranei te wahi o te ranunga combustible. Ko te ruma ngingiha o te rango i hanga kapua ranunga i rawe ki o te rangi ki te kohu penehīni. Ko te ranunga wahie tata rite, engari me tonu reira ki te kōpeke me te whakakā. puta kōpeketanga i raro i te mahi o te kōkeke, moata ai i raro nei, a ka he te reira i te tihi, ka hoatu e korakora hiko o te waka tahuna ana te ranunga, i reira ka waiho he ara koi i roto i te pēhanga, a ka haere te kōkeke raro. A, no te puta tenei te pūngao hurihuri, i te mea te kaha whui.

I roto i te pūkaha automotive taea kia i toru ki te ono piston. Ia o ratou mahi tona mahi, me te whai i te hōtaka tino he tautohu, e hanga te wā, hau tohatoha tikanga o te mīhini. Ko te kupu, i reira te mea he huringa tonu o te huringa o te kawau hake, te mutunga te nei tuku ki te wira.

Whakaahuatanga o te pūkaha ngingiha ā-i roto i ngā wāhanga e whai ake:

• absorption o te ranunga combustible (kōkeke haere ki raro);
• kōpeke me arero i te ranunga combustible (ko te kōkeke i pokapū mate runga);
• patunga (Kei te neke te kōkeke ki raro);
• ranunga whakapau (kōkeke neke ake);

Ka taea te ngā whiu matua ki atu tukanga kaitiaki roanga poto.

Whakaahuatanga o te pūkaha diesel

Penehīni - he wahie te ao e roaa te maha o ngā painga, engari he ti'aturi i runga i te tau wāwaro tona kounga, whiwhi i te tukanga. Ko te utu o tenei momo o te wahie he tiketike nui. Na reira, i roto i te engineering automotive e whānui engines whakamahia rere i runga i wahie diesel.

Whakaahuatanga o te pūkaha diesel rere i runga i diesel, me tīmata koe ki te iti hītori-mua o te pehea i hanga wae tenei. I roto i te 1890, i hanga kaipūkaha German Rudolf Diesel ka arai te nekeneke tuatahi, mahi i runga i te parau tumu o te kōpeketanga o te ranunga combustible. kore kua pūkaha Diesel Tuatahi i whāngai hoki te whakamahi whānui, me te mea te hanganga o te huarahi me te kakama engines steam iho. Otiia i muri i te ia i tāuta Diesel engines i roto i te awa me te moana oko, te wahi e pai kï ratou.

Ko te painga matua o te nekeneke hou i roto i te rite ki te pūkaha korohū ko te meka e te whakahaere i te kōwae i runga i te waro, i raro i te wāhi rahoraho hawhe nohoia o te kaipuke, i te i hoatu te tahi atu hawhe i raro i te waro. Mahi pūkaha korohū katoa stokers ropu me rehe. i kiato te pūkaha diesel, noho tahi me te tank wahie he torutoru noa mita pūrua. Hoki tona mahi i tetahi anake mīhini. Ina e whakakapi engine diesel te mamaoa, a ka rongonui i runga i nga kaipuke katoa o te moana, me te piha haapiiraa awa. He ko he hiahia mo te hanga papatipu e i hohoro whakapumautia to'utangata rikarika Rudolf Diesel ki tona whai wāhitanga tika.

Ko nga Pistons o te pūkaha diesel i roto i te wahi o runga o te hikinga mahi e whai wāhi ana ki te arepurepuraa i roto i te ruma ngingiha. Hoki te tikanga kia mahi o te pūkaha kotahi huru - ranunga wahie ki te kia wera. I roto i te tukanga, rere kē nekeneke whakawera puta i tahaki. A ki te tīmata i te kōwae ara i roto i te wa mahana kua ki te mahana i te pūnaha. Ki te mahi i tenei i roto i nga pūkaha diesel hanga motuhake tīrama.

pūkaha Universal tsi

Winner o te "Engine o te Tau" i roto i te 2006, 2007 me te 2008. Ko te pūkaha tino matatau tata. Tsi pūkaha, te whākinga o e kia tango ake i te kotahi te whārangi, ko reira tetahi o nga engines tino pai o to tatou wa. Ko te parau tumu o tona mahi e tika ana ki te tono o te hangarau wahie i werohia rua, me te wātea o te compressor, e homai e te ranunga wahie i raro i te pēhanga.

Tsi pūkaha - he waha ana i te hangarau tino hou, engari me te mīhini tino aro. A, no te tukunga i te pūkaha, te whakamahi i anake kai-kounga tiketike, me tona mahi, ko te whakarerekētanga wā. Ko te wahi tino tino o te pūkaha tsi - compressor, rite rawa ki te taputapu motuhake, e faarahi tona tere ki te 17 mano ia meneti, e whakarato ana te pēhanga hikitia mōrahi.

Te pūkaha tsi, e kia oti te whakaaturanga o nei kahore whakahua o te hē nui i roto i te wa makariri mahana ake rawa āta. Whakahaere i te mīhini ki te pūkaha tsi i te matao e kore e taea e i roto i te haora Salon taea tu mahana i raro kore. A i roto i te wa mahana ko te pūkaha tere iti economical ki te mahi pai.

"Volkswagen", engines

Tiamana "motokā o te iwi" i roto i te 2000 i whiriwhiri hoki ratou motors hanga tauira hangaia e te hangarau tsi, me te FSI. Ko te kamupene German he tenei ra kaihanga anake o te ao ki te whakahere engines tsi me FSI rite taketake mo tata katoa o ona tauira. Whakaahuatanga o engines "Volkswagen", i roto i ngā engine tsi kua meatia i runga ake. Āhuatanga o te whakatakiruatanga o, engari tino mōhiohio.

Engine Whakaahuatanga FSI he pai ki te tīmata ki ona āhuatanga te pamu e rerekē i waenganui i 120-140 l. he. Motor economical ki te ora ratonga roa. FSI (Fuel Werohanga papanga) whakamaoritia ko rite "werohanga papanga".

Ko te rerekētanga matua i te tahi atu tipu te mana engine FSI i te pūnaha e rua-koropiko ko te pēhanga iti, me te tiketike. ara iahiko pēhanga iti ngā he tank wahie, wahie papu me te tātari. High-pēhanga ara iahiko ko tika te kawenga mō te werohanga wahie. Ko tino te parau tumu o te mahi kei te hāngai i runga i te pūkaha FSI werohia metered o wahie i te papu wahie. whakaritea te horopeta e whakamahi aunoa i te transducer pēhanga iti. Ko te nui o te wahie tei runga i te maha o takaí. e kore e hiahiatia ana kua te teka whakatere i roto i te parau tumu, ahakoa kei te rongoa reira i roto i te motokā.

whakaahuatanga o te pūkaha e taea Volkswagen FSI fakalahi ai ki raraunga i runga i te utu-tōtika me te pai tiketike.

Motors 'Opel'

E tonu kaiwhakanao pereoo Tiamana i roto i te whakataetae ki ia atu. motokā waitohu "Opel" he pono, me te watea. tautoko te rongonui o tauira ki "uira" i runga i te araa te hoko ngā wā tiketike. Ki te te te haere i te kaihoko ki te hoko i te ngāwari, ngāwari ki te mau tonu mīhini, whiriwhiri ia "Opel". Engines, te whakaahuatanga o i ngā te i roto i te tuhinga hangarau o te waka Whakaröpütia e te ingoa tauira. Hei tauira, nekeneke "Opel Corsa" rawa Opel Corsa BC 1,2 16v Ecotec 3. I te motokā eke pūkaha Astra Opel z19DTH ASTRA III 16v 150k. Ko, me ki tenei, i reira e he maha o ngā tipu mana paerewa, e taea te tāuta ahakoa o te taupū me te ingoa.

Togliatti tipu

e kore he Whakaahuatanga o Vaz pūkaha whīwhiwhi - i reira e rua anake ngā momo. Engines mō waka puku muri-wira Vaz-2101, 2102, 2103, 2104, 2105, 2106 me te 2107 - he kōwae wha-rango e pā ana ki te kotahi te mana, me te tākai. Na engines mō tauira mua-wira Vaz-2108 me Vaz-2109 me ona akatuke'anga.

He pono, me te unpretentious i roto i te mahi engines Vaz katoa. Ko te tino wātea hoki te taraiwa whakatikatikanga o pātīmata wā me te piha whakawātea, reira anake me ki mohio te kaupapa, me te raupapa o ngā mahi. engines Vysokooborotisty me whakautu kātere. e kore he nui rawa Rauemi, engari nāna ki whakakapinga o mowhiti kōkeke me LINERS, matua, me te tūhono tokotoko, e kore te raruraru.

Whakaahuatanga o te pūkaha "Toyota"

Motors mohiotia kiato Japanese kaihanga, e wha-rango, arā he whakaritenga ripeka, ki te mahi nui rawa. whakahaere engines werohanga penehīni i runga i te parau tumu o te werohia tika. Maha tapo'i ia rango tukua te piha ki te kawe i te tukanga ki te tino.

Engine tohu tōtika "Toyota" e mohiotia whānuitia, haunga kaihanga rongonui tuatahi ihirangi CO2 iti i roto i te haurehu flue whakapau. whakaritea motors Serial huinga o te whakapaipai reta Latin i roto i ngā ki ngā tau Arabic. e kore e No ingoa tapiritia.

engine Rauemi "Toyota" mai ki runga ki te 300 mano kiromita, a kihai i ka ara hiahia hanga nui, nui ki te tuku mowhiti kōkeke raru, me te horoi i te pūnaha meangiti. I muri i pai ārai tonu nekeneke iti ki te whakahaere i.

BMW powerplant

Ko nui atu whānui atu i taua o nga kamupene Japanese te whānuitanga o engines o te kamupene German "Bavaria Motor Werke". Ko nga rawa o BMW - wha- rōraina me engines ono-rango, V-āhua "waru" me "tekau", rite ma rua-hakari, ngā engines kaha. Kua hangaia te nuinga o engines BMW i te hōputu SOHC me DOHC.

motors parani toutou ka toa o te whakataetae "Engine o te Tau", hei tauira riro S85B50 waitohu 11 tohu i roto i te wā i 2005 ki te 2008.

Engines "BMW", he uaua te whakaaturanga o nei no te mea o te tau nui o akatuke'anga e taea te whakaahuatia rite superreliable, māpele maitai tautika.

Engines Zavolzhsky tipu pūkaha

Ko te whānuitanga o ngā powertrains, whakaputaina ZMZ i te Trans-Täingäwai, he reira tino haehaa. Te tipu hua he torutoru noa whakarerekētanga ki te mana toharite. Ko te mea utu te tuhituhi i te maha faahiahia o ngā hua. Kua tukua Engine waitohu "ZMZ-406" te raupapa o tetahi, me te hawhe miriona kape he. tāuta te pūkaha i runga i nga waka, "mua" Gorky whakato. I roto ia ratou, "anaterope", "Täingäwai-3110" me "Täingäwai-3102".

He aha te mea te 406 pūkaha? Whakaahuatia i raro nei.

He wātea te nekeneke ki te injector i raro i te ti'araa 406-2.10 ka rere i runga i penehīni Hai-92. Kei te hangaia hāhira 406-1 putanga mō te penehīni ki te whakatauranga wāwaro o 76. Ko tētahi atu pūkaha penehīni, 406-3 rere i runga i tiketike-wāwaro wahie, penehīni Hai-95. Kua rite rawa motors katoa ki te raupapa o 406 Bosch hikohiko me coils pātīmata rua.

Tapia o te pūkaha ngingiha ā-

titau hoahoa pūkaha motokā tiaki wā ārai o wae takitahi ranei nāna o te kōwae katoa rite te katoa. Ko te pūkaha ngā poraka rango, kawau hake, tūhono tokotoko, piston ki mowhiti kōpeketanga me te hinu kota, te poraka upoko ki te huri kawau, tae atu i te puku mekameka huri kawau, me vaolo.

I ino o wae takitahi te katoa o te pūkaha rite te katoa ranei i hanga te wahi whakakapinga taea. huaina ana tēnei tukanga ko "pūkaha hanga." hoki te nekeneke i homai mahi whakanohonoho whakaahuatanga e i roto i te tuhinga, me ngā tohutohu āmiki. Ka taea te mahi hanga iti i runga i to ratou ake, me te matatini atu, tono taputapu motuhake, he reira pai ki te pupuri i te Centre Hangarau.

A, no te me tuatahi whakatau nāna pūkaha ngingiha ā te tohu o te kākahu me te roimata. Me whiwhi tēnei he tātaritanga. Tikanga, ka hiahiatia te pēhanga hinu te fakahū whakakapi pakiaka kawau hake, me te tūhono ahunga tokotoko. Ki te mau te hautaka kawau hake, kia taraia ratou i raro i te rahi hanga, me te tāuta i te fakahū e tika ana. I roto i taua take, ki te waeine puoto whakaata mau zapresovyvayutsya kariri hou ranei he tawhito taraia i raro i te rahi te hanga ai ki te tāutanga muri o piston hou me mowhiti hou. Ki te iti whakarahirahi huri noa mowhiti me whakahokia kōpeketanga te. Ka taea e te taua te mea e pā ana ki te fakahū kua whakahuatia. Ki te he iti te hanga o te hautaka kawau hake, anake koe e taea te whakakapi i te Pads, me te mahi i hōhā. I roto i tenei take, he noa te pēhanga hinu, a ka kia rite ki te mahi i te pūkaha whakahoutia.