Whakahaere o te pai hinonga: tikanga me ngā tauira

I roto i te ohaoha, whakawhanakehia matou he rota o ngā tikanga me ngā tauira, tutuki nei i roto i te whai hua te whakahaere o te pai me te moni o hinonga. Ko te kupu, e opua nei D. Aubert-Krier ki te whakamahi i te tikanga pūtea o te mana i roto i te kamupene whakahaere ranei poari. Tenei taputapu whakahaere pūtea - ko te tikanga hangarau tenei, te whakamahi i te hinonga pūrongo ki te kawe i roto i tona kaupapa whānui. Kei roto te reira i te wawe, ruruku o pūtea, tautuhi o ine me ngā mahi whakatika. whakamahi Whakahaere tohu papa tapeke o ngā umanga i runga i ngā āhuatanga hangarau o te hanga; āhuatanga ōhanga, pūtea, me te arumoni o te kamupene, te āhuatanga ki te tokotoko, ka whai wāhi, te mutunga, ake whakahaere pai i roto i te hinonga.

E ai ki te tauākī, RA Fatkhutdinova, whakamahere whatunga - tenei tikanga whakairoiro-tātari o te whakahaere, me ngā tikanga toenga o te whakahaere titau te whakahaere o nga hua kamupene i runga i te tātari pūtea.

Te āhua e nga tikanga wä o te whakahaere, kia rite ki te whakahaere o te hinonga pai, he reira tika ki te tohatoha rite motuhake. kia whakaurua ratou i roto i te pāpori-hinengaro tikanga whakahaere. e kore e te nuinga o economists mātauranga emit mahi whakahaere morare e te hunga rerekē i nga etahi katoa, a tae atu te hinengaro i roto i te natura. Whakaaro i te āhua o ngā tikanga ōhanga o te whakahaere, i roto i te ngakau (matua) aroaro tangata tonu, arā, whakahaere. Na, kei te korero tatou e pā ana ki te āhuatanga pāpori, rite he hia i te tangata ratou. Ko te kupu, ko te pai o te whakahaere hinonga tikanga ōhanga o te whakahaere, me te whai wāhi te whakamahi o ngā tikanga pāpori-ōhanga.

I raro i te puka o te mana whakahaere o te pai kamupene me te kakama o ngā tikanga whakahaere ōhanga o nāianei heke rite neke tatou i nui ki ngā waeine iti, hei tauira, i te hinonga ki te toa, wāhanga, ropu, he toi ngā. Ki te ko te hinonga he hinonga pakihi e hāngai ana i roto i ona mahi i runga i te mau parau tumu o te tātai arumoni (rangatiratanga, i whai tikanga ai-whaiaro, whaiaro pūtea-), ia e whakaritea o ona mahi waiwai katoa i te kāwanatanga, ko reira he wae hanganga ko tino ti'aturi i runga i te hinonga me te kua tata kahore motuhake. Na, ahakoa te meka e te mahi o te kōwae hanganga aromatawai te kuputohu ōhanga, te mau parau tumu o te tātai arumoni e kore whakatinana i tenei taumata.

Ko te taua he pono ki ngā pae Pirikēti, he toi ngā. titau te whakatinanatanga o whanaunga mākete i te taumata o ngā waeine production ā-he whakahounga taketake o te pūnaha o whanaunga i waenganui i te umanga rite te hinonga ōhanga, me te ture kotahi me te wae i roto i tona hanganga. He he he hiahia ki te arotake i te hononga ōhanga i waenganui i enei hinonga me te ratonga whakahaere hinonga production whānui. faingataa tēnei tukanga e te meka e i te wa ano faaite mai i te ngā whakahēnga o te whai pänga e rua: kōwae intraindustrial hanganga (tari, tari, ratonga), i runga i te ringa kotahi, me te hinonga rite te katoa - i runga i te tahi atu. He mea tika ki te tuturu o me te aromatawai i te tikanga o te whakahaere ōhanga tari me i ngā o te whakaaro tino arotau o te ngākau nuitanga o enei kaupapa. tikanga whakaaro uparvleniya i roto i tēnei wāhanga mō ia kōwae tāutu ana ratou āhuatanga ngā me ngā āhuatanga.