Whakatauritenga o te kaipuke ruku o Russia me te US: nei he kaha?

I waenganui Amerika ko Russia mo te wa roa ko te pakanga i roto i tata ao katoa o te mahi. Ko te iwi ringa ko te whakataetae whenua hoa tamau. rangatira tino ki te tautuhi me te rahua i runga i nga tau. Painga i roto i te rängai ahumahi korero e tonu neke i tetahi āhua ki tetahi. I roto i taua ahumahi motuhake rite kaipuke ruku, noho tēnei wā te wahi tuatahi te United States.

Heoi, e kore te mea i nga wa katoa nga mea e i roto i nga wa Soviet tū te nikau kaihanga motu. Ngā mihi ki te turanga kaha, hanga e te kaihoahoa Soviet, ara i tenei wā i roto i te turanga o te kaipuke Russian reira he wā rawa, e kahore analogues i roto i te ao. Na i muri i te katoa, nei submarine kaipuke he kaha - Russia te US ranei? Ko wai te mea te toa i roto i te iwi - he tikanga motuhake Russian American ranei.

Ko te tauira tuatahi o te waka ruku

Whakatauritea, tona submarine kaipuke he kaha (Russia te USA ranei), ka anga i roto i te rau tau tekau ma waru. Katahi ka ko te kaupapa o te tautohe te waka ruku tuatahi mō ngā take hōia. kihai i taea e te roa o te whakatau ko wai e meinga te kaiwhakawhanake rawa tuatahi o te pūrere taua.

Kaihoahoa me testers tuatahi ko Koroniria Drebbel oko raro. Ko te ahupūngao me te mataaro i Holland tenei. Whakamatautau tona whanaketanga pau ia i runga i te awa o Thames. Ko te oko i te kaipuke. Tona kiri ko te kiri haurangi ki te hinu. kawea Whakahaere me te kaupapa i roto i tika ki te hoe. Ko ratou he tawhiti poto i roto i te wāhi raro. Ko te waka i taea ngā toru rangatira, me te tekau ma rua kaihoe. E ai ki te raraunga o mua i runga i nga whakamātautau tae ia Korol Yakov I. Whakatakotoranga hanga kaipuke ki kia tukua ia i roto i te rohe raro mō te maha o ngā hāora. He rite ki te rima mita te rohe o te hohonu o te rumaki.

Ko haukotia whanaketanga atu i te taha o te mate o Drebbel. Tona mono me continuer o nga whakaaro i tetahi atu pūtaiao i France nei kua oti te tuhituhi te aratohu mahi ki te hanga i te oko waka ruku. E ai ki ana tūtohutanga, me hanga te poti o te whakarewa (pai parahi), kia rite ai te ahua o te ika, Heoi, me kia koi nga taha. Hei whakapai ake i tēnei kōwae ako i roto i te manureva ahu e kore te mea e tika ana.

Whanaketanga o whenua tāwhai

Whakatauritea submarine Russian me haamata US Navy ki te whakaaro tuatahi. I tua atu, i hanga e ratou ki te rerekētanga o te hawhe rau. homai te reira i te tika ki te mea e te timatanga o te hītori ruku i roto i nga whenua e rua e pā ana ki te taua.

Ko te nuinga o Modern submarine kaipuke Russian tika ki tona compatriot Efim Nikonov, i nei timata te kaipuke me te whanaketanga o hangarau me ngā tikanga mo te hanganga o mua. Ko te tamuta ohie i te kainga e tata ana Moscow Pokrovskoye. hiahia ia ki te ite tona hoahoa ki te ora, a ka tono tangata te pitihana ki a Pita ahau, i roto i nei te kaupapa e whakaarohia ana o te waka ruku. Ko te whakaaro o te oko ngaro, e ka e taea ki te whakangaro i te kaipuke hoariri e e rawa tohoaki'i te kingi. I ona whakahau, ko Nikonov i St Petersburg, a tīmata ki te hanga i te pūrere. kawea mai te kaupapa i ki te ora mō ngā tau e toru. I roto i te tamataraa tuatahi i tae atu ahau fakatāutaha e Pita I. I roto i te wa poto, whakakē me te whakapai ake i te kaupapa, he kāmura pūmanawa taunga ki te flamethrowers kaipuke paura. Te kingi, i te kitenga taua angitu, whakaarohia ki te tīmata hanga o te taua whirihoranga oko nui. Ko te 'amanaki o tenei mau kite anake Pita ahau me i muri i tona matenga mutu te whanaketanga o te wāhi raro. Kaua rawa oti poti pirau i roto i te wharau.

Te whakapai ake ngā tukanga i roto i te whakaputa

Whakatauritenga o kaipuke raro o Russia me te United States e taea, kahore te faahiti i te whakatutukitanga o pūtaiao me Engineers, i meinga te pūtake mo te whanaketanga o te mahi hou. Hoki te wā tuatahi whakarewahia te kaupapa i roto i te toru tekau-wha o nga tau o te rautau tekau mā iwa. Ko te kaiwhakahaere kaupapa ko K. A. Shilder, nei ko te hanga pā i te whakangungu.

Ko te hoahoa o te oko ngā whiu motuhake, me te āwhina o nei te kaupapa o te mīhini i raro i te wai. Ki te tangohia to ratou hoahoa i te parau tumu o bionics, e ko ki te waihanga i te taputapu hangarau kua riro ki pūkete nga ture o te natura. I roto i tenei take, ka whakatata te kaipūkaha whakarongo ki te hanganga o waewae o te tikaokao. Kua taua whakaaro whakanohoia i roto i takirua i runga i ngā taha e rua o te tinana. I roto i te tikanga ki te whakahaere i enei "waewae", ko reira tika ki te hanga i te kaha kaipuke-kaihoe. Ko te rawa fiemālie, no te mea kihai i faahiahia rawa i nga tautooraa whakaponohia o te waka te tere. i taea e ia tupu ki te mōrahi o te hawhe kiromita ia haora. I roto i te tikanga ki te whakapai ake i te tukanga me te hanga i taua mea atu hua, me te tōtika i te utu o raro, i whakaritea te kaiwhakahaere kaupapa ki te whakamahi i ngā pūrere hiko. Ko te whanaketanga o tenei ahumahi i haere amuamu rohe, a reira kaha inhibits te whakataki o ngā whakaaro hou.

Ko te kaipuke ko te hōia-kāhua. I ona ringa whakarewa i launchers tākirirangi. Kua fakavaivai'i raruraru maha i tenei whakaaro, ka mutu te ao hou, o te kaipuke.

Ko te whakamahi o te pūkaha i roto i te kaipuke ruku

Te atamira i muri i roto i te whanaketanga o te kahupapa waka ruku ko te whakataki ki te hoahoa o kaipuke engines. Ko te tuatahi ki te hanga i tenei whakatau ka haere mai ihi I. F. Aleksandrovsky. Hei whakatinana i ona whakaaro, ka whiriwhiria e ia i te pūkaha e rere i runga i te hau kōpeke. Kua kitenga e te ihi tona whakaaro ki mahi. hanga te kaipuke i rite ki tona hoahoa. Otiia kihai i tino angitu te kaupapa ake, no te mea he rawakore tonu hua. whakaaetia tere Engine i runga i te hawhe kono ki te kauhoe atu tika e toru maero.

tae te ahunga whakamua i roto i te whakatinanatanga o te whakaaro tika tetahi ihi Russian S. K. Dzhevetsky. Whakatauritenga o te kaipuke ruku o Russia me te United States homai he tika ki te mea e kua hanga i tenei wā o kaitito i Russian te pakaruhanga, no te mea i kitea Drzewiecki i runga i tona pūkaha poti e pei te mahi o te pūhiko. I taua wa, e kore kua ahurei ki te oko taua, e taea te neke i te hiko te ao. A, no te taea wae tenei tae te tere o wha knots.

"Zip" i hangaia te kaipuke i te ma'imi taua. Ko tōna āhuatanga matua ko kotahi ano te rite o te kaipuke ruku o Russia me te United States homai te Russian (taua kaipuke ki hea i roto i te ao i taua wa i kore) mata, ko reira he pūkaha kotahi. Ko te drawback anake o te pūrere ko te wahi i roto i te puka o mirumiru, e ia rau muri. Ko e no te mea o te taumata iti o masking kore e taea te whakamahi i te reira no te mau opuaraa hōia.

Ahakoa kei te haere kaha te ahumahi whanaketanga me te whakatinanatanga o tāuta pūngao. Ko reira i roto i taua wā whakapumautia taua kaupapa me te mau parau tumu i, e kua whakamahia i roto i te hoahoa o te poti noa nei. kawea Development i roto i te rängai ringa. hangaia Drzewiecki i korere tōkiri, i nga kaipuke ruku patu o te wā he wā roa. Otiia e kore e te ahumahi backwardness pērā i engineering hiko, me te ahumahi nekeneke whakaaetia, ki te waihanga i te manuao ki tonu i-parirau.

Submarine "Dolphin"

Whakatauritea submarine kaipuke Russian a taea te United States kia ïa mo tenei kōwae. hanga te kaipuke i roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau rua tekau i te hanga kaipuke Bubnov me Goryunov Paratiki i St Petersburg. ngā te pūnaha toko o rua nga wahi. Ko te tuatahi te pūkaha e rere ki runga ki penehīni, me te tuarua - he pūkaha hiko. Ko te whanaketanga kia kaha, me te pūrākau, e nga āhuatanga hangarau pai ki te mīhini American "Fulton".

Mai i tenei wāhi i runga i, te whanaketanga o te ruku kaipuke Russian haere rawa nohopuku. Rite e kaimahi tohu. Mai i te whanaketanga kaupapa, kua meinga te ahumahi he ahua o te whenua pono o ngā hōia whawhai. Kāwanatanga te tautoko i tino tenei rängai. A, i muri i te kupu whakataki o te tohu motuhake mō te hiahia āpiha ruku ki te mahi i roto i enei ope nui haere rite te hōkai o te mana rite te katoa.

Modern Russian Navy

I te kau te Navy o te Russian Federation ngā o wehenga e rima. Ia o ratou titoa te o mata, me te ruku ope. Te tautuhi i te wāhanga e whai ake nei o nga wae ope:

1. Paratiki Fleet. Kei te turanga matua o tenei wae e i roto i te Baltic. Ko te kaipahua "tohetohe" te tino nui. ope submarine Paratiki e āhuatanga e toru submarines diesel. E te ara, te whakarite o Russia me te US ruku kaipuke (2016) kōrero e te vai tenei momo o te taputapu anake i runga i te rohe Russian. I roto i te Hononga o Amerika i te hanga o tenei momo o te oko kua roa kua mahue.
2. Northern Fleet. Ko te turanga matua o tenei wae i Severomorsk. Ko te reira i te tino nui taimaha karihi cruiser pere "Petr Veliky". āhuatanga Russian submarine Northern Fleet he momo nui o te tikanga. I runga i te pūtake o tenei wehenga, ko te toru pere taimaha kau fakasio submarine me waru submarine pere ballistic. Mua te raki tauira Russia kaipuke aroaro ki missiles ipu (3 wae), multipurpose ngota (12 wae), diesel (8 wae), whakaaro motuhake (2 wae).
3. Black Moana Fleet. Ko te turanga matua o tenei wae i Sevastopol. Ko te reira i te cruiser tino nui pere "Moskva". kanohi wae Underwater e submarines diesel e rua.
4. Pacific Fleet. Ko te turanga matua o tenei wae i Vladivostok. Ko te reira i te cruiser tino nui pere "Varyag". ope submarine i runga i nga kau fakasio ruku toenga 5 pere, 6 submarines karihi ki missiles ipu, 7-whakaaro maha submarines karihi, me te 8 diesel tauira.
5. Kapiana kahupapa. Ko te turanga matua o tenei wae i Astrakhan. Ko te tino nui ko te kaipuke tautiaki "Tatarstan". e kore e tēnei kōwae i roto i ona ope hanganga waka ruku.

waka Maha-whakaaro

Fakafehoanaki Russia me te US ruku kaipuke (2016, rite tahi atu tau, kihai i kawea mai apî nui i roto i tenei rohe) taea te katoa ki te aromatawai i te pūmanawa o te ope manuao. Ko tētahi o nga waka tino nui, e tu ana i runga i te taputapu hangarau o te ope o tetahi mana moana kaha - te reira i te kaipuke, fehangahangai ki te whakaoti rapanga āhua rauhanga. Ko te whakaaro o enei kaipuke - ko te whakangaromanga o ngā taumata mata hoariri, me te patu hinga ki runga ki nga whakaurunga o te takutai. Ka rite ki nga patu whakamahia missiles ipu me mua. Tei runga i te momo o patu submarines e:

• ki missiles ipu;
• ki torpedoes;
• ki missiles ipu me mua.

He US Navy submarine Force he maha nui o mua, ko te āhua rauhanga. arotahi te reira i runga i aua oko te ariā hōia katoa o Amerika. Ki te tango koe i te kaupapa whakarōpū rerekē, pērā i te kounga, ka reira e taea kore wehewehe i te rangatira mārama. Ko tenei e tika ana ki te pūmanawa hangarau tiketike o whenua e rua.

Boats whakahaere-rauhanga US

Kia pehea te mōrearea te waka ruku US Navy, pera ko tenei momo o mua tenei. I runga i te pūtake o te US Navy he rima tekau-iwa tauira o tenei momo. Ko tonu te nuinga o ratou (i te mea e toru tekau-iwa kaipuke) korerotia i runga i te whārangi toenga i roto i te whitu tekau-ono o nga tau o te rau tau whakamutunga. E mohiotia ratou rite "Los Angeles" me no ki te toru o nga whakatupuranga. ratou no E ai ki te momo o patu ki te momo whakauru. ngā ratou anti-kaipuke missiles "Rāti" me mua. Kei te whakaritea te reira ki te āta haere atu te oko i tohanga, me te whakakapi ratou ki tauira hōu. Kei te whakaritea te reira ki te kawe i roto i te ao hou, o te thirties.

peti koe i runga i te wha o nga whakatupuranga o poti. E haere ratou ki te whakakapi i te "Los Angeles". Ko ētahi o ēnei tauira pērā i te "Virginia" me "Moana Wolf". whakawhanakehia te whakamutunga i roto i te nineties. Ko tōna hanga he wha me te hawhe piriona tāra utu. Ko te te utu e te tawhā hangarau whakatikaia. Kei te rite rawa te reira ki te matatini kaha o missiles ipu me mua. Ano, Ko reira he āhuatanga o te taumata iti o te haruru tukuna. Ki te tuku o ia poti tauira riro tino. Heoi, te whakatairite i te kaipuke ruku Russian me te US (2017) homai te tika ki te mea e kore te mea iho ki "Moana Wolf" raupapa tuatahi te motu "Ash".

painga US

US me submarine kaipuke Russian mō te 2016 ko te kore noa i te hanganga ine, engari ano hoki te whakatupuranga o te tauira. hangaia submarine American "Virginia" i nui i muri atu i te "Moana Wolf". Ko, ahakoa tenei, i nga āhuatanga hangarau o te "Seawolf" nui mua o tona akonga. Ki te whakarite tatou enei tauira Amerika e rua ki te motu "Ash", he mea vahi i roto i waenganui i. Āhuatanga me painga o te submarine Russian ko te kounga o patu. "Movement" i runga i tona whai huatanga e nui, pai atu i te American "Tomahawk" missiles ipu.

I roto i ngā tauira Russian anake "Severodvinsk" Ko i te taumata o te kaipuke American pai. Ko ko ia tetahi anake, engari he hāele te hanga o atu kaupapa e toru. Otiia i te wa, ka e ratou kia hanga, ka tomo Amerika he wāhanga hou o te whanaketanga.

tauira diesel

kaipuke ruku Russian (whakaahua i raro nei) te aroaro te huinga kaha o tauira diesel. rerekē ana tēnei i te rängai motu US. I roto i te Hononga o Amerika i runga i te take o tenei momo o poti whakarerea ara i roto i te waenganui o te rau tau whakamutunga. I roto i te Russia, he waka ruku taua he kore kore anake e haere ana ki te haere atu i te whārangi toenga, engari kei te haere tonu ki te kaha hua me te whakamahine. Te nuinga o nga oko o tenei momo ko te tauira ake o te "Warszawianka". I roto i tona tikanga e hoki iho ki submarines karihi ratou, engari i runga i ringa - e kore i te katoa.

whakaritea tīmatanga o te diesel "Kalina" te ki te kaipuke i te heke mai. Ko tōna rerekētanga ko te pūkaha e rere kahore hāora. Ka taea e te tauira taua kia i roto i te wāhi raro hoki e pā ana ki te marama, a kore e hiahia te reira ki te puta.

Na, ko te US Navy e inaianei i te tihi o te whanaketanga. hoki lags muri Navy Russia i ngā o te kounga, ahakoa tēnei wā i raro i te mahi rangahau kaha i runga i te maha o akina ana. Heoi, e kore te mea e mohiotia he aha te ahua o te whanaketanga ka hei te angitu tino.