Whiore Hainamana. Clonorchiasis: tohumate, maimoatanga. pirinoa o te tangata

Clonorchiasis tangata - trematodozov biogelmintoz i te rōpū āhuatanga e te lesion tuatahi o wahi biliary, repe taiaki me te ate parenchyma.

mātai tahumaero

Ko te puna matua o te mate - huaketo te tangata klonorhami. I tua atu, te wai mui kuri me te ngeru. He whānui whiore Hainamana i roto i Japan, Vietnam, China, Te Tai Tokerau Korea, te takotoranga wai Amur, obi ko Primorye. hua Helminth tohaina ki tütae i roto i te cercariae pipi reo wai horomia (ngā torongū) e hanga e i roto i te tinana o e tata 14 ra. I muri i te whakapā atu ki te tinana o te torongū o te ika me te kōura i te whēkau, e timata ratou ki te neke ki te uaua, me te kiko subcutaneous. Ko te kupu, he metacercariae. tangata Clonorchiasis pangia e kai, ika rawaka te wera tukinotia raw kōura ranei. Na whakawhanake clonorchiasis. te tikanga timata tohu nga tūroro 'ki puta i muri i te tukumate tomo te whēkau iti.

Whiore: āhuatanga

Trematodes (whiore) - noke, e pā ana ki te momo o te flatworm. Ka rite ki te tikanga, to ratou rau-ahuahu. rerekē ratou rahi i runga i te whānui ngā tūmomo i 0.1 mm ki te 15 cm te roa. Ka taea e whiore Hainamana parasitize i te rauropi o kararehe, me te tangata. momo katoa o whiore he āhua pirinoa.

Morphology me te koiora o trematodes

trematode Body constricted i roto i te ahunga dorsoventral. Cuticle tahi me te paparanga uaua te hanga i te pūwhera kiri-uaua i roto i nei e kei nga whekau. E whakaritea e te tikanga o tinana uaua motuhake whiore - suckers. He kia kia rua - waha, me te puku. taea hoki te pēnei te whēkau o titi warea ki te cuticle me rua glandular.

pūnaha alimentary

I roto i mua o te tinana, ko te Kahu-waha paetata, kei i te mangai whakatuwheratanga raro. Neke atu i te te mangai kia pharynx (pharynx) me te pū kai elongated. ngongo intestinal - rua kātua slepozakanchivayuschihsya. e kore te mea te nuinga o nono i te papatahi o kutukutu. Tonu kai unhydrolyzed maka atu i roto i te mangai. Wāhanga o te mana o flatworms taea te kawea i roto i roto i te tegument.

io me puha

Kei te pūnaha io ganglia io, kei raro i te pharynx, me nozzles whakawhānui ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana. kanohi pūnaha puha e te pūnaha matatini o tubules e hanga e rua tau mahani puha.

pūnaha whakaputa uri

Kua tino pai te whakawhanakehia te pūnaha whakaputa uri o trematodes. Whiore (Schistosomatata ahua o Māngai anake) - hermaphroditic (mea hanga taera rua).

pūnaha whakaputa uri toa, kia rite ki te tikanga, ngā o rua testes. Mawehe atu i a ratou vas efferens, e kua hono ki te noa ara tātea. Kei te nuinga o te wā muia te reira i roto i te pūrehurehu pūwhera (pūwhera uaua motuhake). Ko te wahi whakamutunga o te tātea vas - pūrehurehu (copulatory okana).

Ko te hanganga o te taputapu whakaputa uri wahine ngā te kura kākano, jajtceprovoda, ootype, spermatheca, repe Vitellaria Laurerovy channel Mehlis 'me te kōpū, e mutu ki te whakatuwheratanga taihemahema wahine.

etiology

Ko te kaihoko pūtake ko clonorchiasis whiore - Chinese whiore. E pā ana tēnei ki te whānau o kutukutu Opisthorchidae - sinensis Clonorchis. whakaahuatia karetao Tuatahi ko McConnell i 1874 whiore Hainamana i roto i te tinana tangata e taea parasitize ake ki te 40 tau. helminth Body flat, lanceolate 10-20 mm me te whanui 2-4 mm o. He tae marama-koura hua trematode, i runga i te mea tetahi o nga amo o te potae mārama kitea. sinensis Clonorchis i roto i te atamira pakeke kia parasitize e rua i roto i te tangata, me te i roto i kararehe kaikiko. Ko nga mano ení te whakamutunga. Ka rite ki te wā pipi mahi waimāori, anō - kōura me te carp ika.

trematodes Lifecycle

ngā huringa trematodes ora o wā e wha:

• embriogonii;
• partenogonii;
• tsistogonii;
• maritogonii.

Embriogoniya - i roto i te whanaketanga embryonic o ngā pūtau iroriki i roto i te hua manu i kikiritanga ki trematode miracidia putanga. Ko te roanga o tenei wāhanga hoki e pā ana ki te marama. Partenogoniya - wā posleembrionalny o te whanaketanga o te atamira piri i roto i te tinana o te ope takawaenga. tīmata wāhanga Vauvauhia i te hanganga o sporocysts i mua te cercaria ki te taiao. Ko te roanga o tenei wā e taea rerekē i rua wiki ki te rima marama.

Tsistogoniya - tukanga faafariuraa i roto i te cercaria adolescaria (i roto i te taiao) ranei metacercariae (tinana ope tāpiri). Tsistogonii roanga - i ha ngaahi houa ki e rua nga marama.

Maritogoniya - te wā o te whanaketanga o whiore i roto i te rauropi ope ení ki paari fakasekisualé (image), e ngā te hua ki te taiao. Ko te roanga o tenei atamira - i tetahi wiki ki e rua nga marama.

pathogenesis

Tūroro noho i roto i ngā wāhi te kōtore whakawhanake wātea i te mate haere e te i te whaea ki te tamaiti i te transplacental. Na reira, kei te pāngia taua iwi, ahakoa te mate, engari te mea he akoranga ngawari. Tūāpapa te whanaketanga o te māuiuitanga he trematode mīhini pānga, hononga microflora Tuarua, disorders neurotrophic, paitini, me mate pāwera. I tua atu, klonorhi meinga huringa cirrhotic i roto i te ate.

tohu mate

Ki te mea kua kua pāngia koe clonorchiasis, e rite ki te opisthorchiasis tohu mate. I roto i te wāhanga whakapeka o te mate he tohua mate o te hiahia, ahuatanga, ngoikore, faaiteraa o mate pāwera. Ki te ahunga whakamua o te mate he āhuatanga whakakitea characterizing ate, repe taiaki, me wahi biliary. amuamu Tūroro o kirika, me te mamae kino paetata i roto i te hypochondrium tika.

pōauautanga taea o te mate

Ka taea e kia tenei:

• cholecystitis ma'i;
• cirrhosis;
• gastroduodenitis ma'i;
• mate pukupuku pancreatic me te puku;
• kakā.

tātaritanga māuiuitanga

hāngai ana tātaritanga te i runga i raraunga haumanu me te epizootic me gelmintokoprologicheskih rangahau. Hei whakamārama i te tātaritanga hua tātari matüora o toto (pūmua katoa, te huka toto, bilirubin, mahi o phosphatase kawakore, taputapu aminotransferases, amylase, trypsin, me lipase), whakaritea te (cholecystography, ultrasound whakamātautau o te gallbladder, ate, repe taiaki, fibrogastroduodenoscopy) me serological (Tuhinga , Riha, PCR) tikanga.

therapy

Ki te pāngia te manawanui i clonorchiasis, kia kia matatini maimoatanga:

• dietetics;
• taero anthelmintic ( "biltricid", "Niklofolan", "hloksila");
• antihistamines ( "konupūmā gluconate", "loratidine," "Suprastin");
• nonsteroidal taero anti-inflammatory ( "Ibuprofen", "Nimisulid");
• whākōkī ( "Panzinorm", "Mezim", "Creon");
• Sorbents ( "Enterosgel" "ataxia", "Polysorb");
• antispasmodics ( "papaverine", "No-kaukau", "Mebeverin");
• macrolides ( "oleandomycin", "Spiramycin", "azithromycin", "Roxithromycin", "Fluritromitsin");
• taero cholagogue ( "Xylitol" "Sorbitol", te witi hiraka, immortelle, whakatika hope, rau miniti);
• gepatoprotektory ( "Essentiale", "Ursohol").