A tuu i hanga mōtepe. Hanganga me te mahi o platelets

Ko te pūtau toto iti he platelets. titiro ratou rite te puku karihi-free. Ko te pea ki te 4 microns, me te matotoru ratou diameter - ki runga ki te 0.75 microns. Ia rita o te rōrahi toto mōtepe tangata ko i i 180 ki te 350 x 10 ^9.

Ko te ara te ahua o platelets

puta platelets i roto i te wehewehenga o te cytoplasm. E wehea ratou e te pūtau wheua wheua nui - megakaryocytes. Ratou, i roto i te tahuri, ko te hua o te endomitosis. I muri i te wehenga puta 3-5 huringa, i roto i nei e rererua te pūira, engari e kore e te wehea te cytoplasm. Tenei tohunga tukanga i huaina wehenga pahara.

He mea nui ki te ite e te wahi o te hanganga o platelets - he wheua wheua whero. Mai i tenei haere ratou ki waho, ka tomo i te bloodstream. Ko te toru o ratou i kotahi whakatakotoria i roto i te kōateate. Ko tenei e tika ana ki te pōturi ratou kaupapa puta noa te kōateate taura kōpiko. Ko te toe 2/3 e komuhumuhu i roto i te toto o te toharite o e whitu nga ra. Ka taea e whanganga ora mōrahi tae 12 ra.

I te mau api nucleation

Ki te mārama me pēhea te reira e te pūtau toto iti rawa, he mea e tika ana ki te mohio te wāhi e kore e anake o hanganga mōtepe. He mea nui ki te whakamārama i te tukanga o ratou whanaketanga. Na, ko reira te tupuna o megakaryoblasts. Tenei rahi pūtau nui o te mea 20 microns ki te matua. Kei te reira i nucleotides. Megakaryoblasts puta ki promegakaryocyte. Ko e pängia ana ki te polimorfizu karihi tenei hanganga, cytoplasm tona witi-free, basophilic.

Ko te wāhanga i muri mai o te whanaketanga ko te megakaryocyte. Tenei pūtau nui i roto i te wheua hinu wheua, ko te diameter o nei i 60 ki te 120 microns. Ko te matua taratara, e taea te tango i te puka rawa rerekē. Ko te cytoplasm ko reira nui i roto i te rahi, ko reira he inclusions potakataka o māwhero me papura.

Ko te atamira penultimate ko te ahua o te megakaryocyte trombotsitogennogo. Muri ia ka whakahokia e kua tika platelets. E wehea ratou i te megakaryocyte cytoplasm. tenei katoa e te pae tuatahi o te hanganga mōtepe wahi i roto i te hinu wheua wheua ko.

mau api motuhake

megakaryocytes Trombotsitogennye i roto i te hinu wheua wheua kei i runga i te mata endothelial, ka karanga te pakohu. Ratou tukanga cytoplasmic tika i roto i te reira. Etahi o ratou tomo ki te pakohu lumen 1-2 microns ka whakaritea i runga i megakaryocyte endothelium. ka mahi ratou rite te punga. Ētahi atu tukanga - he roa rīpene cytoplasmic roa mai ki te 120 microns. tika ratou i roto i te lumen o te pakohu. Ko ratou i huaina prothrombocytes. Ka taea e ia megakaryocyte kia i 6 ki te 8.

whakaiti rohe o cytoplasm tīmata i roto i te lumen pakohu. Ka rite ki te hua, he mea pakaru, me te reira he āhua 1000 platelets takitahi. e kore e tenei hanganga wahi mōtepe noa muri. Ko e tika ana ki te meka i roto i te bloodstream hinga ano hoki prothrombocytes tenei. tae ratou i te microvasculature pūkahukahu, i reira e tukua platelets tonu. Ko te aha i reira he ake o ratou i roto i nga uaua pūkahukahu atu i roto i nga pera hāngai. Ko reira faahiahia e taea te hanga e ratou tae noa i 7 ki te 17% o nga platelets haere i roto i te bloodstream.

momo o ngā pūtau

Tohunga te wehe e rave rahi momo o te pūtau toto iti. Motuhake mavahe platelets taitamariki. Ina whakaritea ki ngā puka pakeke e whakanuia ratou e te rahi āhua nui, toheroa korekore me te gialomer kikorangi. Ratou awe hanganga whakapakaritia wheua wheua, kua maha e pā ana te reira ki te mate toto nui.

rerekē ratou i roto i te ahua me te platelets tawhito. i raro i te pikitia karu taea tatou ki te whakaaro e whai ratou he awhi kuiti, he maha nui o vacuoles me granules. rerekē ratou takiwa kōhikohiko, granulomerom kikī e taea noho i te mōtepe katoa. Nui ratou tokomaha tohu te ahua o te puku mārere.

Wehe, ora ake puka o ritenga. otshnurovaniya reira i puta megakaryocytes roto i te ofatiraa o te tukanga wehenga. e whakaatu ratou aroaro ki te mate o te toto. Ratou titiro maha rite iti ranei, hei kōrero, platelets Rapa toto tangata.

Tikanga, Me waiho te toto neke atu i te 90% o te puka paari o platelets. E ratou he āhua discoidal ki koi tapa, granulomerom pū whakaritea, e ngā o 5-20 granules azurophilic, gialomerom lilac.

ngā tukanga o te ora

Putanga i roto i te hinu wheua wheua, waiho ngā pūtau te wahi matua o te hanganga mōtepe. E te ara, to ratou production he trombotsitopoetinami whakaritea. Ratou, i roto i te tahuri, e kore puta noa i roto i te hinu wheua wheua, engari ano hoki te kōateate me ate. Tohunga tautuhi rōpū trombotsitopoetinov rua. Ka taea e waiho ratou roa mahi wā-poto ranei. Ko te tuatahi o ratou whakatairanga matuatanga tonu, me te kimi pārōnaki o megakaryocytes, me te muri whakarei te wāhinga o enei ngaahi peleti iti, me te whakatere ratou kătahi ki te toto.

E ngaro platelets, nei whakaahua taea te kite i te whakanui ake, i runga i toharite, he mahi wiki maha. e tenei tukanga wahi nuinga i roto i te hinu wheua wheua, engari hanehane ano hoki enei pūtau toto i roto i te kōateate me ate. e te whakangaromanga wahi i roto i te pūnaha o ngā pūtau motuhake i huaina macrophages.

hanganga o ngā pūkete

Ka taea te wehea ia mōtepe pakeke ki ngā rohe e toru. Ko te wahi piringa ko te membrane toru-apa. Kei te reira i receptors mo collagen, serotonin, thrombin, epinephrine, ADP. I runga i te wahi i waho o te membrane he kahu amorphous motuhake arā, o te āhuatanga haepapa mo te upoo- o wē toto.

paparanga waenganui ko te Sol-rā. He takere motuhake ki te uru ki te waho o te membrane. Hoki ngā kahu microfilaments te tiaki o paraharaha kōpae-āhua. Ko te āhuatanga o tenei wahi o te mōtepe tei runga i pehea ka waiho hei retraction o te katinga toto.

tawhiti hoki rohe organelles. Kei te reira i glycogen me Arepa-granules, tinana mātotoru, te pungaraungao.

mahi

Ako e founga ki te puta whakaahuatia matūriki iti o te toto, he tokomaha e timata ki te fifili te mea hanga platelets. E te tikanga ratou ki te whai wāhi i roto i te hemostasis, te āwhina pakaru hanga oko toto. hanga ana tēnei te whakawhetai taea ki te meka e taea te piri ratou ki te taiepa pakaru, ka whakahokia mai ratou. Ano, kei te hiahiatia ēnei pūtau ki te ārai toto, me te fluids putanga tuatahi koiora i te bloodstream.

Whakarato mahi o taua āhuatanga mahi mōtepe: adhesion me te whakahiato. Na karanga ratou te kaha ki te kia piri ki te subendothelium me te piri tahi.