ABA therapy - he aha te mea te reira? tikanga therapy ABA

Ki te rā, tetahi o nga ara whai hua te nuinga o te tūāwhiotanga ako tono te te tikanga o te tātari, ABA therapy ranei. He aha te mea te reira? Kia titiro a ki tenei tuhinga.

Whakatika whanonga tamariki whai tūāwhiotanga ko te tino nui. Ko tōna mahi matua - ki te āwhina i te tamaiti ki etahi hauātanga whanaketanga ki te urutau ki te taiao, me te tango i roto i te hapori tino atu wāhi.

tamariki whai tūāwhiotanga - ko wai e ratou?

kia mohio ki mārama te reira e he kore pai ake tamariki whai tūāwhiotanga me kahore kino atu te tahi atu eé, he ratou rerekē tika. He āhuatanga motuhake o enei kuao ko te tirohanga, "whaiaro-whenumi", e kore e taea e kitea e ratou he hononga ki te ao waho.

mau metua tahuri kitea e ratou tamariki - tūāwhiotanga ka i tino iti tonu ia. I te wa ka e āta tīmata noa ngā tamariki ki te mohio ki toku whaea (e pā ana ki 2 marama), he tamaiti ki te tūāwhiotanga he tino tau'a ki te ao i waho. Just he marama i muri i te whanautanga o te tamaiti e karanga ana hoki te mama e taea te whakatau te mea e hiahia ana ia: ki te tākaro, ki te kai, ko ia makariri, mākū, me pera i runga i. Ki te ko te tamaiti autism kore taea, tona karanga, tängurunguru te tikanga expressionless.

I roto i te 1-2 tau e taea ngā tamariki ki te tūāwhiotanga kiia te kupu tuatahi, ko te whakamahi o ratou he kowaiwai o tetahi tikanga. pai te tamaiti ki te kia anake. Noho i runga i te wā, kahore te whaea i te whanaunga tata ranei, kua whakakitea e ia iti āwangawanga.

Neke atu i te wa, ka rite ki te tamaiti whakaatu kahore kaha tāpiritanga ki ngā mātua, me te e kore e rapu i ki te kōrero ki ō rātou hoa.

e kore te take pau o te huru taua whakapumautia ano. Scientists whakaaro e reira ko te āhua pērā i te hua o raruraru i roto i te whanaketanga roro, abnormalities pūira, ngā irakētanga ira.

Ahakoa te mana'o hanga e kore e e hiahia tetahi he tamariki whai tūāwhiotanga i roto i te hiahia nui ki te kōrero, e hiahia ana ratou ki te kia mohio ki, noa kahore e mohio me pehea ki te mahi i reira. Ko te mahi o ngā mātua ki te āwhina i tenei tamaiti ki te hanga whakapā ki te ao waho. he whai hua te nuinga hoki tūāwhiotanga ki te rā ABA therapy.

He aha te mea te tikanga?

He aha hanga ngā reira me ahurei? ABA therapy - he aha te mea te reira? Kei te hāngai te reira i runga i hangarau me tikanga e taea ai ki te ako i te pānga o te āhuatanga taiao i runga i te whanonga o autism, me te whakarerekē i te reira whanonga, e ko te ki te rāwekeweke i enei āhuatanga. He ingoa tetahi ABA tikanga therapy - whakarerekē whanonga. ABA whakaaro hōtaka ko e he ngaahi nunu'a whanonga katoa, a ka pai te tamaiti, ka faahiti ia enei kaupae ki te kore e rite koe i te reira - e kore.

E homai whakarerekē whanonga?

ABA therapy mō te tūāwhiotanga - ko te pūtake o te nuinga o nga hōtaka, e kua whakahaua ki te maimoatanga o abnormalities i roto i ngā tamariki. Uara therapy whanonga whakapumautia e maha rangahau whakahaeretia i runga i te 30 tau.

Tohunga me ngā mātua, ko wai whakamahia ana ki te mahi ki ngā tamariki pēnei tukanga rite ABA therapy, waiho arotake e whai ake:

• te whakapai ake i ngā pūkenga kōrero;
• whanonga urutau noa;
• whakapiki i te kaha ako.

I tua atu, whakawhetai ki te hōtaka tino whakaiti te ahua o abnormalities whanonga. Kei te whakamatauria reira ano e tīmata te akoranga mua therapy ABA (pai i kōhungahunga tau), ka waiho i te hua atu kite.

Kua whakawhanakehia Scientists ngā tikanga o te ako o ine, e kua whakamahia i roto i te ABA therapy. hāngai ēnei tikanga e ki runga ki nga parau tumu o te tātari whanonga tono.

Pehea e mahi i te reira?

Ki tenei tikanga te pūkenga matatini katoa ki ngā tamariki whai tūāwhiotanga, pērā i whakapā, kupu, kēmu auaha, te kaha ki te titiro ki te kanohi, whakarongo ki ētahi atu, me te wehea ki motuhake iti wae-mahi. Ia o ratou ka e ako ki te tamaiti anake. Ka rite ki te hua, e ngā poraka i roto i te ara iahiko kotahi e hanga tetahi mahi matatini. hoki mātanga te tūāwhiotanga maimoatanga i te wa o te ako i te tukanga mahi e homai te tamaiti ki disorders tūāwhiorangi autism mahi. Ki te taea e ki te akakoromaki i kore e taea e te reira te mea te tamaiti, homai te whakangungu ia he tīwhiri, a ka utu hoki whakautu tika o te tamaiti, ia e waiho whakautu hē. hāngai ana tēnei i runga i ABA therapy. Mātauranga o tenei tikanga ngā o te maha kaupae.

taahiraa Tuatahi: tīmata ki te ohie

Ko te hōtaka o te mahi i te "reo-māramatanga." homai te mātanga te tamaiti he tetahi mahi faaitoitoraa ranei, mo te tauira, ka ui ki te whakaara ratou ringa, ka homai he clue (mauria ake te ringa o te tamaiti) i muri i utu tamaiti mo te whakahoki tika. He hanga ngana tahi e rave rahi, tamata te tamaiti ki te mahi i tētahi mahi, kahore te kipakipa. tuaruatia tamaiti Specialist ano te taua kīanga, ka tūmanakohia ia ki whakahoki whaiaro-tika. Ki te kupu e whakahokia e tika te koati, kahore te kipakipa, ka e tango te utu (whakamoemiti ia, hoatu te tahi mea pai ki te kai, kia tākaro, me ētahi atu). Ki te kore te whakahoki tika te tamaiti e, korerotia ano te mahi ko, te whakamahi i te matamata. Na ano, kei te ngana te koati ki te mahi i nga mea katoa koe. poroa Mahinga ka te tamaiti taea kahore tīwhiri ki te hoatu i te whakahoki tika.

A, no te e tika 90% o te urupare ki te mahi tohunga motuhake o te tamaiti, whakamōhio tatou he faaitoitoraa hou, hei tauira, ka ui ki te ta'iriiri i tona matenga. He mea nui i rite motuhake te mahi. He mahi hou te rite ia te tikanga rite.

taahiraa Tuarua: fakamau rauemi

I muri kua taukei te tamaiti tuarua i te mahi - "ta'iriiri i tou matenga" haafifi i te mahi. mahi ako kīnakinaki i tupurangi: "ta'iriiri i tou matenga" - "whakaara tou ringa", "whakaarahia tou ringa" - "whakaara tou ringa" - "ta'iriiri i tou matenga" a na i runga i. E whakaaro ngā taumahi taukei ina homai 90% o te tamaiti te whakahoki tika ki te whakarerekētanga o mahi ako. whakaurua te taua kaupapa kei te ka whakarite i te toru o nga whakaongaonga, me pera i runga i.

toru o te atamira: ahuwhānui tatou me fakamau

I tenei wā, i te whakatakiruatanga o enei pūkenga. A, no te mea kua whiwhi te tamaiti he maha rawaka o peheatia poapoa nui ( "tango", "Homai," "haere mai ki konei" me etahi atu.), Kia tupato ki te whakatau. Mahi tīmata whakapau i roto i nga wahi rerekē, me te ohorere (i runga i te huarahi, i roto i te taonga i roto i te rüma kaukau). I muri i te raupapa o te iwi hoatu he mahi tamariki (tohunga, mama, papa, koroua, kuia).

te wha o nga atamira

Ko te wā whakamutunga tenei. I te tahi vahi, te tamaiti e kore anake korerotia whakawhanake ki a ia poapoa, engari haamata hoki ki matau i te mahi hou i runga i to ratou ake, atu mahi i roto i kore te hiahiatia. Hei tauira, kei te hoatu e ia he mahi ki "kati te tatau" whakaatu 1-2 wa, a ko kua nui tenei. Ki te huri i te reira i roto i, te tikanga reira e taukei te hōtaka kei te, a kua hiahiatia kore wā therapy ABA. tīmata te tamaiti ki te ako atu mōhiohio i te taiao, me pehea ki te mahi i te reira te nuinga whakawhanake tamariki, kahore tūāwhiotanga.

He aha whakatau te whai huatanga o te tūāwhiotanga ako i roto i te tamaiti?

Hoki maheremoka Practice me te Hōne pinepine o ngā mahi, me te me kia taonga he rota rawa o kaha me te wā. Kei te whakapono te reira e no te tamariki ki te tātaritanga o te therapy "tūāwhiotanga" ABA ko te whai hua tino ki te ki nga mau haapiiraa o tenei tikanga hoatu i te iti rawa 30-40 haora ia wiki. A haamata ki te whai wāhi i runga i te hōtaka taua, ko reira e minaminatia i mua i te tahuri te tamaiti 6 tau. he whai hua mō ngā tamariki pakeke ABA-TARP. Ko tīmata te katoa maoro, te pai te hua mutunga.

Painga o tenei tikanga

Hoki ngā tamariki ki te tūāwhiotanga he therapy ABA tino whaihua. e kore te mea noa Mātauranga ki te faahiti i te whanonga e hiahiatia ana, tauturu te kaihaumanu ngaio te tamaiti ki te kawe i te tauira tika i tetahi āhuatanga ki tetahi. Ko te wae tino nui i roto i te whakatutuki angitu ko te whai wāhitanga tika o ngā mātua i roto i te hōtaka ABA.

hohoro te hua pai puta. E ai ki te rangahau i te kaiwhakarewa o tenei tikanga Ivar Lovaas, e pā ana ki te hawhe o nga tamariki nei i riro i te ako o te hōtaka ABA, e taea te whakangungua i roto i te kura noa. State me te whanonga ake i roto i neke atu i te 90% o te katoa tokomaha o ngā tamariki e riro te ako i tenei tikanga.

hanga ABA therapy taea reira ki te whakawhanake ngā wā katoa i te tamaiti ki te whakahoahoa me te ki tomo ki te hapori. Tamariki ki te tūāwhiotanga tata rawa ngaro fakato'u'osi. ABA tikanga e āhei tamariki nei i muri tahuri ki te ako (5-6 tau), ki te rangatira i te reira.

hipokina ana te hōtaka mara katoa o te matauranga: i te whanaketanga o te taputapu ariā ki te hanganga me te whakapai ake o terenga pūkenga tokoni-whaiaro.

tikanga huakore

Kia aroha mai, e kore e taea te tono ABA therapy i te wā wawe, ki te he wehi o nga tangata ke i te tamaiti ki te autism. He uaua te hōtaka, kia whakamahia reira āta. kia rite mō te fafauraa tonu ngā mātua, me te pae morare, a tinana, kawea mahi i roto i tonu, e kore e pakaru i te pūnaha o utu me whiu. e kore te mea e minaminatia arumanga mahi vaivai ranei, rite reira e taea te pā i te hua. He mea nui ki te matau, e kore te e whakangungua te tamaiti, a ka whakaakona - whakangungua pūkenga e ratou tukurua auau. Hei te mahi i runga i tenei tikanga, me whakaoti koe i te haapa'oraa ki te tamaiti, a ki te whakatutuki, ko te reira te tahi mau taime rawa uaua. Ko akomanga Mana i roto i tenei hōtaka tino nui, engari i te kāinga, me te me tamata ki te whakarite i te whanaketanga o te pūnaha e pai kia ōrite ki te mahere herehere.

fifi taea

Akiaki i ngā tamariki ki te tātaritanga o "tūāwhiotanga" Ko ahua rerekē i taua o ngā tamariki noa. He mea nui ki te tāutu i kia kia paanga ai he tamaiti i roto i, ka faaitoito te reira. He whai hua whakaaetanga whakahe ranei mo tamariki whai tūāwhiotanga, e taea te ngā tīmatanga whakamoemiti ki te tūturu utu. Ēnei tamariki e taea te kore hoki ki te wa roa arotahi ki runga i tetahi mea, me te maha raruraru, na he mea nui ki te kawe i mahi i roto i te puku, mahi wehea ki wāhanga iti. Whakarite tikanga tāruarua hoki te whakaroa i roto i te ako i ngā ariā waitara faataa kīanga rite ohie. Kia haapii te tamaiti ki te kōrero noa ki te kaiako kotahi i runga i tetahi, ka taea e koe fakaafe'i ia ki te kōrero ki te iwi e rua, me te pera āta whakanui i te maha o hoa. Ko ēnei tamariki ngā pūkenga e kitea te whai hua, na te whakamahi i peehia. ārai whakangungu tika whaiaro whakaongaonga-- nekeneke, pakipaki. e kore tamariki ki te tūāwhiotanga e wehewehe i waenganui i faaitoitoraa nui, me te iti, e taea ētahi wā te korerotia rawa ratou tauhohenga ranei, i runga i te anga ke, rawa ngoikore. Ki te tiki i te kōrero, ratou maha whakawhirinaki i runga i kite, kaua ki te rongo. E pai te kite tamariki mōhiohio i runga i rongo, tino pai whakawhanakehia e te hōtaka ABA.

Ko pea ABA therapy anake te tikanga o te mahi herehere ki tamariki whai tūāwhiotanga, e ai pera maha tautohetohe me kōrero. Rerekē ahu riri ranei mōhiohio tawhito, e kore ranei ngaio ABA tohu nei e maha i tenei ra, kia rite ki te nui noa atu te rongonui hoko i te hōtaka. Ko tino ti'aturi i runga i te pūkenga o te tohunga te mahi whānui, na e hiahia ana koe ki te whiriwhiri i te reira rawa āta.