"Admiral Nakhimov" (cruiser): ao hōu

Ko te kaipuke nui-kaha tino hou o te Russian Navy i roto i 2018 ki te riro i te cruiser "Admiral Nakhimov". Whakahou anga te reira i roto i 2014 me wha nga tau ka muri, rite ki te mahere. Na ka haere mai te tahuri o tetahi kaipuke - "Petra Velikogo", te tino nui o te Kaunihera Federation, i hanga i runga i te kaupapa kotahi, "№ Orlan» kia 11442. enei Repaima i runga i ohipa atu i to ratou takutai taketake, te whakarato i te aroaro hōia i roto i tetahi wahi o moana o te ao. Waihanga i te wae manuao whawhai i runga ki Soviet parau haapiiraa hōia o te hawhe tuatahi o te 80-doma o te rau tau whakamutunga, kua utu e ratou te pūtea kāwanatanga o te Soviet Union i roto i te moni a tawhio (reira i whakarewahia wha), a inaianei he mea e tika ana ki te tika te tuku o te kainga. Ko reira tika hoki ki te whakatau tata i te tohu o enei momo o kaipuke me to ratou kakama taea i roto i te take o te pakanga patu.

whaipainga

Mai i te wāhi macroeconomic o tirohanga, kia puritia tetahi utu i runga ki te tikanga mo ngā. Ko te āhua, e kua kore taea ki te tiaki i ō rātou pānga i runga i te tauine ao, kua herea ki te otaota piringa. Ahakoa te nui o whakaaetanga ao, te aroaro o ngā hanganga Supranational ao e whakahaere te haapa'oraa o te ture whakapumautia, i roto i te maha ngā take, whenua kaha tütü ki te whakamahi kaha rangi, kaipuke, me te whenua ope, whawhati nga ture i tuhituhia me te tohia ki te whakarite i tona mana rohe. He he he taumira UN Kaunihera Haumarutanga - pai, engari ki te kore e riro te reira, ko nga wa katoa rite te "rakau nui". Hei ātete i te tuma o tenei ahua, a ki reira te tīariari nui submarines karihi rite "Admiral Nakhimov". hangaia cruiser te ki te whakarato i tētahi uhi kaha te matua hoia katoa ki te mahi i ngā mahi i te tawhiti nui. I roto i te reo hōia, i huaina tenei ko te "ki te ū". I roto i te ngako, ko te matua o te hononga kaipuke manuao tenei, ki kahore rave'a riro tautoko mo ratou turanga hoa takutai ranei no o te mukunga nui, me te i raro i riri o mahi hōia fakafili. cruiser pere karihi "Nahimov Admiral" mahara te ki e taea ki te whakakitea te taketake "maru" arā, o te tikanga rangi, pere, i ētahi atu pūnaha anti ranei pare atu te kanohi te whawhai, a i roto i te take o te hiahia - patua hoki pupuhi kino.

kaipuke hoahoanga me te hangarau "Whakahewa"

I roto i te tīmatanga o nga eighties ko te matatini hōia-ahumahi Soviet te whanaketanga o te ahumahi ngā mano o kamupene me ngā pūtahi rangahau. Angitu o ngā kāinga o ngā pūnaha ārai ki te whakarato pūtea ohaoha. A, no te tango te hanga tauira hou ki pūkete nga moni tino tata i roto i te whenua MIC Arms mara - hoariri pea. He tauira ko te kaipuke "Admiral Nakhimov". I hanga te cruiser i runga i te parau tumu o te aritanga iti ki te hihiani o tona tinana. Whakaraupapa e hanga e superstructures rite koeko, arā, o rererangi hehema, he wahi mata he "haupu" heitiki i koki nui tika. Hei te peita taonga hangarau parakore motuhake tīpakongia mau tetahi mea korero ingoa o "wanihi" me e kore e rerekē i te rohe porohita mua o manuao, engari he āhuatanga ahurei nui ki te takanga mai tiketike-auau radiation, whakaiti ratou whakaata. Tohunga tautohe e pā ana ki te āhua o whai hua tautooraa ki hoatu hihiani iti ahanoa waitohu 250 mita i roto i te roa, ko te whanaketanga pūtaiao i roto i tenei mara i te uara i roto i a ratou ano, i roto i te tirohanga o to ratou whakamahi atu. Ko e mo'oni, na e kore e taea te kite kaipuke nui anake i runga i te mata hihiani, engari ano hoki te pee'utari, e kore ki te whakahua i te rererangi reconnaissance. He pānga hoki taea wae arata'iraa anti-pere tinihanga nga "Puku" hangarau. "Ira" anó i runga i te mata riro iti, haunga taea cruiser ngä maimoa i te tikanga hiko ABM.

whai wāhitanga ao hōu

Neke atu i te te mua he tawhito, a inaianei anake te tino nui tata e toru tekau tau o tata nga tikanga hangarau katoa me ngā pūnaha patu o te kaipuke, rite rawa ki te kaha te tipu te mana karihi, he faufaa ki te kaipuke. Heoi, ko te utu o tenei "turanga" Ko e kore kia mahue. He tauira o te huru tupato ki te wahi rauemi utu e taea te mahi rite te US Navy. hangaia tuatahi katoa nui-kaha kaipuke US tango ki pūkete te whakamohoatanga ka taea kabelkanaly supply me kua kawea i roto i whakapuru āhuatanga kia e te whakakapinga o tetahi taputapu - i roto i te take o atu hou - e kore te raruraru. Hanga "Admiral Nakhimov", ka anga ōkawa i roto i 1998, i roa ai e tika ana ki te meka i reira he he hiahia i roto i te nui nui o huringa hanganga e hiahiatia ana mo te ao hōu whai hua. (I raro i tenei Tarka "Kalinin" ingoa te kaipuke hanga i roto i 1983, ka mahi tae noa ki 1993) kore i taea e makona i te tikanga o te pakanga moana o te toru o mano tau. I whakahau ano kaupapa hanganga i te Northern Design Bureau (St. Petersburg), i roto i tona whakarahirahi tu 21 marama. moni tuhinga tata ki tata 2.8 piriona moni. Kei te riro te reira e ka utu i te ao hou katoa o te kaipuke tekau o pirioni. Tonu i reira nga fakaangá e mea e ahua o te moni, ka taea e koe te hanga i te torutoru wae hou o te piha haapiiraa "manuao" ranei "Corvette", he tapeke o atu kaha whawhai. Whakaaro ko, o te akoranga, e te tika ki te tīariari, engari e kore e nga kaipuke piha marama hangaia ki te mahi i nga mahi mo te mea i hanga "Admiral Nakhimov". Cruiser he whānuitanga whakahaere nui, he nui roa atu i te kaipahua, bød ranei, he öhanga tika hoki te katoa o tona ao hōu.

Mō te toi

Kaiwhakatere - iwi e kore e toa anake, engari ano hoki tika atua maori. rapu ratou tetahi take ki te karo i mahue i te tauranga i runga i te tekau ma toru, whakapono i roto i te rerekē tohu, me te kore e rite ki te ingoa meapango. Meapango, i roto i tenei take, i reira he take mo te āwangawanga.

cruiser Armoured "Admiral Nakhimov" hoatu i runga i te raro o tona tāngata ki te karo i tona hopu i te Japanese i roto i 1905 i roto i te pakanga o mua. Heramana whawhai toa totohu rave rahi kaipahua hoariri tino pakaru te cruiser "Iwate" me e kore e whakaititia te kororia o te kaipuke Russian. "Varyag", i patua nei i roto i te mau huru ōrite, tuku tona ingoa whakamataku te kaipuke hou.

Iti pai mohiotia ko te whakarau o tetahi "Nakhimov" - hokohoko tima a te hapori ROPIT e totohu i te rohe Turkish i roto i te 1897 i roto i te tupuhi tutu.

I roto i te 1941, i roto i te hautoa korero o Sevastopol, i totohu te Luftwaffe kaipuke "Ukraine Whero", i mua (i mua i te Pakanga Civil), i huaina "Admiral Nakhimov". totohu cruiser, he plurality o rua.

I te tau 1960 ka nekehia atu e ia i te BSF tetahi kaipuke, e mau ana i te ingoa o te rangatira manuao rongonui. kua tahuri History te ngaro: ko nga tau kotahi tekau ma rima anake pere cruiser, a reira he nounou i whakamahia ai ki te ako i te pānga i runga i te tinana poipoi raro puta i te pahūtanga karihi.

I roto i te 1973, totohu ia tetahi atu "Admiral Nakhimov". Ko te tiango o te oko rangahau tupu, ho'i, i roto i te wahi i reira i hanga te rangatira manuao Russian nui tetahi o ona whakaora tino anaana - i roto i te kokoru Tsemess. Te kaipuke ohorere haupapa, me te riro ki te matau raro i te tauranga.

Nā ki whara kino riro i roto i te tutukinga ki te waka ruku i te solia he kaipuke nui anti-waka ruku "Admiral Nakhimov". Cruiser (Tsushima), oko rangahau (mīti kokoru), tetahi atu cruiser (Sevastopol), kaihokohoko tima a (te rohe raki o Turkey), Kazakhstan (50 kiromita i te rohe tonga o Crimea), - ki tenei martyrology taea kore ki te tāpiri tetahi o te kino ati moana o hītori kaipuke katoa. I tae te reira i te taha o te kaipuke utanga "Pita Vasev" me te kaipuke i te wa o te whakarewa amo te ingoa "Berlin". I roto i te 1986, e kore i taea e rua oko nui mahue ia atu i roto i Novorossiysk Tsemess kokoru. I muri toa i te taonga "Berlin" i te ingoa "Admiral Nakhimov". kī te kino i te oraraa o rau o ngā pāhihi me ngā mema o te tāngata.

Pehea e kore e taea e koe te whakapono i roto i te waimarie kino whai he ingoa whakarapa?

Na ano, he aha "Nakhimov"?

E kore e te runga ake kėia he wā fakamamahi ngaro mō kaiwhakahaere e he kawenga mo te kōwhiringa o te ingoa o te kaipuke. A ki te mea te whakatau, ahakoa te taua tatauranga pouri, whakaae tonu, i reira he take pai mo tenei. I roto i te tua, he tātaritanga atu āmiki me te tōkeke, ka taea e tatou e faaoti e te manuao he hunga kakahu i te ingoa o te rangatira manuao rongonui, he te nuinga o ratou tika o te mahara pai, a he whakakake o tona whenua taketake, me ona tama toa ratou whakarau. cruiser Armoured "Admiral Nakhimov" toutou me tona kauhoe feat whakakake "Varyag", i roto i te 41 i tetahi atu kaipuke whawhai ki te hoariri ki te anga whakamutunga.

e kore e taea te huaina mate kōpeka wawau ranei, ko reira hautoa.

Ko te tahi atu take e rua, ka mau te withdrawal i te kaipuke wahi kahore mate o te ora, i roto i te e rahurahu kaha huru e te whakahau ranei.

admiral

haere Pavel Stepanovich Nahimov te āpiha Russian ara katoa, tīmata tona mahi rite te kura manuao tauira, me te tango i te mate itoito i matā hoariri i runga i te Bastion o Sevastopol ki epaulettes o te admiral i runga i nga pokohiwi. I te tau o rima ko ia he rerenga roa ki te rohe o Denmark ko Sweden, te fariiraa i te paetukutuku te o āpiha whakamana, i whakaritea i roto i te 2 taupuni manuao Petersburg tauranga (1818). I te tau 1822 ka whakawhiwhia ia ki te Order o St. Vladimir IV tohu o te whai wāhitanga i roto i te āmio. whakahau ia te cruiser rahoraho Battery "Azov" o te pakanga o Navarino me te manuao rongonui "Pallada", i hanga tetahi wahi matua hoia F. F. Bellinsgauzena. Kua mahi te Black moana Fleet mai 1834, i whakahau te tama'i "Silistra". ka mau ia wahi i roto i te ngā mahi i roto i te Caucasus, hoki i whakawhiwhia e ia te Order o St. Vladimir III taumata. I roto i te Oketopa 1852 i whakatairangatia ana ia ki a Vice Admiral.

tika itoito putaputa Sevastopol kupu motuhake. puta te kounga High rangatira manuao i roto i a ia te nuinga o mahino. Ko te maharatanga o taua te tangata tika ki te whai i tona ingoa kakahu te cruiser pere tino kaha, me te hou. Admiral Nakhimov - Russian hero motu.

tīmata whakahou

I muri i whakaaetanga whakamutunga, me te whakaaetanga o te tuhinga hangarau ko reira te tahuri o te mahi tūturu. Hei tīmata kia tukua e te kaipuke i te utanga katoa o te taputapu tārewa Tuhituhi-atu, me te tikanga. Tenei mahi, ahakoa te wā-kai, engari utu. ka te wahi nui o te utu o nga mahi i runga i ao hōu kia wāhikē e tiki he papatipu nui o te whakarewa utu nui. cruiser karihi "Admiral Nahimov" riro te puna o ngā rauemi hangarua taimaha o 878 taranata, o nei 644 katoa - ferrous (rino), konumohe, me te parahi alloys (168 m), ka kongatia he kowiri tira ki te ihirangi waro tiketike (66 m). I tua atu, whakamahi kaupapa, me konganuku utu nui i roto i roto i te taputapu hiko, me te hiko. I runga i te tukanga o te disassembly me te kōmaka pau te katoa o 20 miriona., Nei he tino iti iho i te utu o nga rauemi.

I tua atu ki ngā uara utilitarian, te tukanga o tuuraki o taputapu faufaa katoa a whaia tetahi whāinga: wāhi te tauturu mōrahi ki te whakaiti i tona ua. e kore te mea he pūrere tēnei waka nui taua kia ngāwari ki te whai ki te kia maroke i roto i te Taungia (caisson) - titau pontoons, piri ki te tinana tenei (i reira e ono). i rite E rua o ratou, huihui ratou mo te hanga o te kawe rererangi "Vikramaditya", riro i mua e India. Whai hua, me te riro i roto i te mahia o tenei wheako kia. Making pontoons, ratou whakamātautau me te whiwhi hiahiatia e rua wa, me te rauemi utu. I tēnei wā, cruiser karihi "Admiral Nahimov" Ko roto i te ū, te casing tukua i hira katoa wahie karihi nekehia atu i te piere. timata ao hōu.

whāinga ao hōu

Ko te whāinga matua, ko te ki te hoatu mahi utu o ngā waeine whawhai o te tōtika whawhai Northern Fleet hiahiatia. Me whiwhi tēnei e kore anake te whakakapinga oti o tawhitotia mai 1980 pūnaha taputapu me patu, engari ano hoki ki te whakarite i te taea o te ao hou, atu i roto i runga i te whakaritenga o nga tekau tau e haere mai ana. taputapu hiko, missiles me mana pūnaha e ngaro hāngaitanga hohoro nui, a kahore e faahiti i te mau hape o te kaihoahoa, te kaihanga i te eighties o te cruiser "Admiral Nakhimov". Ao hōu, mooni i roto i te tau torutoru, kia amohia e iti mamae, me te ngawari te ki te whakahaere.

O te nuinga o ngā mahi wa-kai o nga pahi Sevmash, puta i roto i te wahi tuatahi whakakapi i te pākoro pere i tahuri mo 3M45 missiles complexes ao UKSK 3S14 whakarewatanga poutū. Pea, i te kaupapa slanted kore tonu e hoatu ake (e puritia maha kōrero o te kaupapa ngaro), engari ka kore rere e hanga i te tūranga waipuke (i fakahā atu tenei e te hiahia mō "tarpaulin" take tawhitotia 3M45). Tapeke toku ko 20, te taua maha o ratou, a ka noho, engari i roto i ia o ratou ka tū he pūnaha modular ki wha missiles. ka whakanui i te tau Tapeke o anti-missiles wha nga wa, me te ka hei tau 80.

He aha ratou ka waiho, tonu reira ki te imi tino pea "onika" ranei "Kārikirangi". cruiser rite te "rererangi kawe ōka" ingoa kōrero te taea o taputapu patu spetszaryadami patu (karihi). he mano tini o missiles i roto i te täoro "Nakhimova" mangai "māhorahora" tikanga o te tono. Whakaata whakaeke te rōpū o RCC he tata e taea.

I tua atu ki te pūhiko matua, tūmanakohia Tarka te ki kia patu ki te tikanga subsonic tikanga 3M14 mō ngā whāinga takutai whenua. ka whakahaere kaumoana Anti-waka ruku matatini "Pack-NK" (ko reira taea e waiho he wahi o te ringa te pai-kï me tawhito "wairere-NK"). mōtā urupare RBU-6000 whakakapi "boas 1", nehenehe o faatupu i tiaki ki whakaeke Torpedo.

Ko te korero rangi

E riro te reira kuware ki te whakapono e te Bureau "Sevmash" e kore e tiaki e pā ana ki te pehea, ki te te tiaki i ki taea rererangi whawhai me missiles rite te ūnga moana nui rite "Admiral Nakhimov". Cruiser, ahakoa tono nga tikanga katoa ki te whakarite i tona muna, he ahanoa rawa papai, a i roto i te take o te pakanga hōia e te taniwha, hei te ūnga mō te hoariri anti-pūnaha. I mua, ua faaoti te mahi o te whakaata ko te tino pai rangi whakaeke SAM "Fort" C-300F, engari Me ki kia puta ke i roto i te tirohanga o te utu tiketike o te kaupapa, me tona uara wā roa-. I riro te reira i e te onboard VOP whakahōu i te tautuhinga i raro rahoraho Pu kaupapa tata me ngā āhuatanga o te whenua matatini S-500. Ko ratou momo maiengi, e kore e whakakopa, rite i mua, a, e tika ana ki tona compactness nui, ka waiho atu (i roto i e kia te täoro o missiles korero rangi he torutoru rau) ratou. Kotahi momo, o te akoranga e kore he iti,. Hoki C-500, ki te whakahaere i te rangi i runga i te kaipuke-rangatira, ka tikanga ana "tira" pere puhipuhi matatini "carapace-M." Heoi, nga taipitopito o te faatereraa manuao, mo mau tumu kitea, e kore e whakaatu.

āhuatanga General o te kaipuke, me ona opuaraa

I roto i te press ka patai te mōhiohio e ka mamae te tetahi ao hou, pūnaha toko tae atu i te pūrere karihi, engari, āhua, e kore e te huringa hanganga i te pūāhua orurehau. Whakapai ake te pai - anake ki pahua, na whakaaro tohunga hōia. "Admiral Nakhimov" - he cruiser, a pera nga āhuatanga mahi e whakaaro ahurei i roto i tona mahi taraiwa he ōrite. I displacement tonu o runga 26,000 taranata me te roa o 251 mita, te mea he tipu te mana, te mana o e pai hei (i runga i 100 MW) nui ki te kaha taupori te pa o te o te hauwhā o te miriona tangata. I tua atu ki te oko pūrere karihi e rua nga kohua i näianei. Tona nekehanga (rite nga heramana karanga auau) - 32 knots. Ina tauihi ana ngā mutunga, mana motuhake tonu ko e rua nga marama. Kei te waka o 630 heramana me rangatira o rangatira teina, me rau o rangatira.

A, no te ka hoki mai te kaipuke ki te mahi o te Tāruru Northern? E ai ki te mahere kua reira ki te tupu i roto i te 2018. Pea i reira ka kia te tahi mau fifi ohorere, e whakawhānui rave rahi whakamohoatanga. Engari ka te taniwha, haere mai te reira i roto i te moana - cruiser whakahou "Admiral Nakhimov". Whakaahua o tona whakaputaina i roto i te hautaka, ka ahuareka ana hoa o to tatou whenua, me te he pea ki te whakakahore ona hoariri. A e kore e he whakaahua noa ...