AG Venetsianov: peita ki taitara me ngā whakamārama

Kia pehea te maha whakaritea mahi o te artist Russian ki te ingoa ponguru Venetsianov? Paintings e whakaatu ana scenes momo o te ora kaiahuwhenua, a huaina te tīmatanga o te peita momo kāinga, te āhuatanga, i te mutunga tae te tihi i roto i te tau o te Wanderers. Ko te uara o te taranata toi Venetsianov, i te tauine o tona tuakiri tangata he mana nui i runga i te whanaketanga o te toi Russian kore anake i roto i te aronga momo kotahi. riro rawa te kite ka piri tenei titiro ki ona peita.

"Portrait o Mother" (1802)

whanau Aleksey Gavrilovich Venetsianov i roto i 1780 i roto i Moscow kaihokohoko whānau, i ia tupuna ahu i Kariki. ka ratou i roto i te īngoa Russian Veneziano, muri reworked i te kāhua Russian i te ingoa. A, no te ka hiahia i roto i te peita Alex, kihai ana akoranga i te mea tetahi mea mau metua nui. Mahalo e ko te aha kihai i whiwhi ia i te mātauranga toi auau. Kei te whakapono te reira e te mohio tuatahi o te tikanga o te peita riro ia i te "takatu" - te kaiwhakaako, me te puna tino o te mātauranga toi, i riro Venetsianov - peita e rangatira tawhito i roto i ngā whare taonga, me mahi o kaipeita hou i roto i te salons me ara.

Ko te momo matua i roto i te toi Russian o te wa ko te whakaahua, na te wheako mohiotia tuatahi whakaahua Venetsianov e pā ana ki tenei momo. Ko te whakaahua o tona whaea tenei - Anna Lukinichna, nee Kalashnikova.

Kitea rite ano hapa te mahi ataahua e rua tekau-rua nga tangata taitamariki pēhea te uaua te hoatu reira te whakawhitinga o te nui o te rangi, me te marama. Ko ko reira mārama, me te ake - tona kaha ki te whakawhiti kakano rerekē o papanga, nui whakawhirinaki i roto i te ahua. Na tino nui - i taea ki te kawe i te mau mana'o o tona tauira ia: etahi whakama me te mānukanuka i te whaea ki tana tūranga kau kihai i me tona huru ngawari.

"Whaiaro-whakaahua" (1811)

I muri i 1802 Venetsianov oho ki Petersburg, i reira ia ko fifi ki hanga he ingoa mo koe me te tīmata te whakamahi koe ki hanga te ora. Maoro, e takoha ia ki te tomo i te mahi o te pā iti i roto i te tari pou. tukua waimarie pai ki a ia te tiki maheni ki te kaipeita portrait rongonui V. L. Borovikovskim (1757-1825), e whakamoemiti te peita Venetsianov , a ka tona kaiakopono i roto i te tikanga, me te i roto i te ora. Pea no te mea o tona mana Venetsianov pitihana ki te Academy o Toi o te rironga mai o te taitara mōhiohio o te kaipeita. E ai ki te tūtohinga o te Academy, e hiahia te kaitono ki te tuku i to ratou mahi. Hei tenei pito Venetsianov tuhia e te whaiaro-whakaahua.

I roto i tenei pikitia e taea kite kua tatou i te taumata tiketike o te pūkenga hangarau o te toi. he mahi pono, me te tika o te nōna ki, kowaiwai o te pa whaiāipo me whakapaipai tenei. Tino i arotakea ai me te hohonu hinengaro o te whakapakoko i hanga e te toi. Here tahuri a arotahi ki runga i te mahi, a ka marama te ua he tikanga o te whaiaro utu-.

kua takoto Venetsianov i te Poari o te Academy o Toi i roto i te "ūnga" - tetahi o te taumata ōkawa o tohu mātauranga o te kaitoi e hanga reira taea ki te whiwhi i te taitara o te academician i muri i te mahi i whakaritea e te Poari. ka Venetsianov he academician i muri i tuhi i te whakaahua i homai KI Golovachevskogo.

"Barnyard" (1821)

I muri noa iho i te fariiraa i te taitara o te academician o peita mahue ohorere Venetsianov te whakapaipai, me te mahi, me te noho i roto i tona wahi Safonkovo i te kawanatanga Tver. Tenei hanga e ia ana mahi tino nui oti rawa te ora kaiahuwhenua poetizatsii.

I mua i tīmata te mahi i runga i te kiriata "Barnyard," whakahau te toi ana serfs ki wetewete i te taiepa mua i roto i te whare witi nui te wahi i rongoa i te witi. whakaturia e ia ia te mahi ki te whakawhiti tirohanga rārangi me te hohonu, pērā i te hunga e patua ia i roto i nga pikitia o te kaipeita French Francois Granet. I tua atu i mīharo mo ona whakapakoko wa timu ki te wāhi tawhiti, faahiahia te hanganga tupato o te huatū tuatahi ngaro i roto i ngā tū o ngā tau o peasants me kararehe. E ki tonu o te auraa tawhito, me te whiti mīharo ratou.

whakamoemiti Painting te Emepara Alexander ahau, ko wai hokona reira i te toi, me ara hoatu i te kaituhi te mowhiti ki te taimana. Ko reira mama he bit tona āhuatanga pūtea.

"I runga i te whenua parahua. Spring "(1820)

He maha ngā pikitia Alekseya Gavrilovicha Venetsianova ki tonu o mea ngaro, me mea ngaro e tonu, kei tua atu toi ngaio, me te runaruna. Pērā i te iti tukutuku (65 x 51cm) ki te tata bottichellievskim ingoa me te whiti tangi hāngai ki te mea nui rawa faahiahia Renaissance. Kei te whakapono te reira e tenei painting - raupapa wahi i runga i te taima.

puta mahi pāmu scene hei mahi tonu i o mo'a, tikanga rangi. Ko te ahua o te wahine taitamariki i haere ki te mahi pakeke, mau ratou kakahu pai, te tamaiti i runga i te mata o te parae, hanga he wahi rite ki te ata o te wahine, ngaro ki te rire o te ahua whakaata i tetahi atu kaiahuwhenua - katoa ki tonu o mea ngaro. Ki tonu o te hiranga, me te o te kuwaretanga nui, whenua, ki nei i reira ko enei mau, me te i te hui nui taua wā. Alex Venetsianov nei peita he uaua ki te huanga ki te momo ngā, whakaaro tetahi o nga kaiwhakatū o whenua whiti Russian.

"Kaikokoti" (1820)

Ko te momo matua mō te Venetsianov he kowaiwai, me te mahi matua, whakatau ia - he faaiteraa o te ngākau, me te whakaute hoki te hunga tohu ia. Ko te toi nui o peita ngā ki te papû, me te huatau o te hanganga whakapakari te mana'o e pā Venetsianov pūtirotiro. Pictures, ngā whakamārama o te te ihirangi e taea te whakatau i roto i te torutoru kīanga, patu hōhonu me te ringa rehe, ara, ki te ratou marohirohi - peasants noa.

I te kaikokoti ringa, okioki hoki te kau ki te okiokinga, noho e rua pūrerehua. No te mea o te pokohiwi ki a ratou tamaiti, mīharo e ratou ataahua titiro. peita Artist tata hornblende - whakaaro inaianei mama parirau ki rere ake, ka ngaro i roto i te mahana raumati. Ka rite ki tautohe tūturu - o ratou kanohi, ringa me kakahu. tangi Real me te mau mana'o whakahuatia e te wahine taitamariki me te tamaiti, a ka tino nui - he tikanga nga korero o te pehea ratou whakamoemititia Venetsianov.

"Rangatira whare Morning" (1823)

Venetsianov tūranga rite te kaiwhakarewa o te momo rerenga kētanga i roto i te Russian toi ko te whakakorekore. Ko tētahi o te tuatahi tamata ia ki te utu whakarongo ki te ataahua motuhake o te natura Russian, faaineine te ara ki te kaipeita whenua ngingila heke mai - Levitan, Shishkin, Kuindji Savrasov. I roto i te whakaahua kua whakakitea e ia pūāhua matua rawa rerekē - te iwi o te iwi. Otiia ko ngā auaha poetizatsiya momo āhuatanga.

Te reira i Kei te whakapono te e te wawetia hoki tona peita ariki i tana wahine - Mata Afanasevnu - me ona serf kotiro. E whakamārama ana tēnei i te mana'o mahana e puta noa enei mea kānawehi. Kahore he riri i waenganui i te rangatira, me ona tangata ta'e - te reira atu rite te scene whānau i roto i nei to ratou na rangatiratanga me te ataahua marino ngā kōtiro i. No te whakatangihanga a tūranga iti nui i roto i te taiao kiriata: te here i tuhituhia i roto i, me te whakakī i te roto - ngā te nei patu - he ngohengohe, engari tonu whakakiia marama.

"Zakharkov" (1825)

tamariki kaiahuwhenua - auau pūāhua whakaahua me peita momo, i tuhituhi e ia Venetsianov. Painting "Sleeping Hepara", "Ko te batkin me tina enei", "Hepara ki te haona" whakaatu kahore he tamariki kerupima sinó na'e ki ata me peita matarohia - he pūāhua tonu-parirau me ona huru ake, ite kare kaha e he wahi o te au maite o te ao. Taua ko Zakharkov - te protagonist o te peita Venetsianov. Ki te ingoa me te whakaahuatanga o taua mahi i te artist taea mahino tona karangatanga o te kaiako, i mahue nei kua tona tohu i roto i te peita Russian.

miharo ia e pā ana ki o pūmanawa serfs whanau tamariki te whakarau, no te kitenga o ia te tamata i te tamaiti iari ki te whakaatu i te tahi mea i roto i te kotakota i runga i te papatuhi. "Kura Venetsianov" i maoro i whanau tenei. I tua atu ki te whakangungu pūkenga tikanga he kaitoi, e hoatu e ia te piringa kaiahuwhenua tamariki, whangai, ka whakainumia ai ratou, he tokomaha tamata ki te hoko hoki ki te mohoao. I roto i te ngā ākonga Venetsianov - poto Grigory Soroka me e pā ana ki 70 kaitoi, kua puta i Moscow Academy o Fine Arts tokomaha o nei. ngā mahi kura tango i te wahi i roto i te mata o te pato'iraa i te mātauranga e pā ana kahore e nei i whakawhiwhia te taitara o Venetsianov kaiako toi.

"I te kotinga. Summer "(182?)

e kore e taea te huaina tona ora māhorahora, kua tonu kua whakakiia ana ki te mahi, me nga mate. Fakamamahi, me te ohorere ko tona mutunga - patua Alex Gavrilovic i roto i 1847 ka he hoiho, topuni ki tona hariata, kitea rawatia ake wehi, ka tukua, ka a tamata ia ki te mutu a ratou, hinga ki runga ki te ara.

Ko te tangata i runga i te whenua, te au maite o tona hononga ki te taiao, me te ao katoa a tawhio noa ratou - te kaupapa matua o te artist Venetsianov ngako matua me te uara o tona tukufakaholo, te tahi mea mo nei tona ingoa faatura e connoisseurs me amateurs o peita Russian. Te peita, e tohu ana i te kaitapahi i runga i te whakamārama o te whenua Russian mōhiotia, me te faufaa o ia i te wāhi - tetahi o nga akitū o te kaipeita nui Russian.