Alexander Alyabyev: poto haurongo, whakaahua Alyabeva Aleksandra Aleksandrovicha

Ko te kaiwhakarewa o te whaiāipo Russian, he kaitito whakamiharo Alexander Alyabyev whakaturia pushkinianu waiata, Russian music ruma mauhaa, ko te tīwaiwaka o maha whakatutukitanga o te kura motu o te hanganga heke mai. Kei te pai mohiotia te reira i mahi waiata, ko te tino aroha, me te pinepine whakamana ara i roto i te porohita whānau o te rirotanga ka nei ki tenei ra. Hei tauira, "te Nightingale," "Winter Road", "Evening Bells" me, tokomaha te tokomaha noa atu.

biography

Aleksandra Alyabeva i tamarikitanga waia ki te waiata. He he taunakitanga i tangohia e ia mau haapiiraa piana i te Field D. rongonui. Heoi, i tona mahi tuatahi i oti rawa ia ki a ia, a ko reira te Piano "Grand Polonaise" - mahi a Russia konohete tūturu tuatahi i roto i tenei momo.

Alexander Alyabyev whanau i roto i Roho, i roto i te utuafare o te kawana, i hoatu ki a ia te whai wāhi ki te farii i te mātauranga pai. whawhai ia ki a Napoleon tūao wehe i roto i te rohi pehe rongonui Denis Davydov, i tino werohia, ka whakawhiwhia mētara mō te toa me te itoito. A, i muri i te pakanga Aleksandr Alyabev, kaitito, oti rawa katoa ia ki te waiata.

Kei te tino pai te ruma ora rahi, me te tonu whakamana tuhaa i ona opera, comedies waiata, me te nuinga o maha waiatatia waiata. haurongo hanga e Aleksandra Alyabeva iwi whakamiharo: ko ia he hoa tata rawa ki Griboyedov, Shakhovskoi, Decembrists Bestuzhev Mukhanov. faaite ia a kōrero mahere mō konohete Verstovsky me teina Vilegorskimi. noho ahau i roto i Moscow - te ora tapere. i tuhituhia ngātahi Ahakoa te "Whakamanamana o nga Muses" i te whakatuwheratanga o te Bolshoi Theatre ki Alyabiev Verstovsky me Scholz.

Kahore nga kahore tohu

Puta noa i te whenua, kua riro te reira mōhiotia mo te waiata i titoa Alexander Alyabyev. i kore ano te tīariari Photo, engari nga whakaahua o tona tuhituhi mohiotia i roto i aua ra toi - i rongonui kaitito. Ana waiata a waiata i roto i St Petersburg ko Moscow, a i roto i te pa tino tawhiti. I te Bolshoi Theatre ko tona opera "philosopho Village", "Moonlight", te hītekiteki "te Magic Drum".

Heoi, i roto i te 1825, patua ana e ia tona hoa i roto i te kēmu kāri. Kitea rawatia ake. Na hopukina Alyabyev. kore kua tiaki patu tangata i mohiotia. Otiia, tangohia te kaitito e o rarangi katoa, whakahau me te rangatira. A tirohia hoki ki Roho. I roto i te Siberian pa matao rawa tawhiti, te wahi kotahi pau e ia tona tamarikitanga hari. I roto i te whakaahua i raro nei whakaatu tetahi o te kaitito me te Kaituhiwaiata o nga romances pai Alyabiev - Nikolai Ogarev.

Roho me te Caucasus

Alexander Alyabyev na pouri e tenei i whakawakia ta'etotonu e taea waiata anake te pupuri ia ia i te taahiraa whakamutunga. Tenei e i whakaritea upaupa faahiahia ratou, mahi reira rite te piana, taurima ngā kōnohete. A tuhi waiata, he tino rerekē i te tetahi o mua, kapua. He kitea ana waiata pai: "Winter Road", "Irtysh", "e rua tikaokao". Ko ru io e haereere: biography Alyabeva Aleksandra Aleksandrovicha rite te tangata o te ao, haere ki tetahi whare, i oti. Kaitito kino tino.

E whitu nga tau i muri mai, i roto i 1832, i tukua e ia ki te waiho Siberia me te Caucasus ki te haere mo te maimoatanga. He kua oti te tuhituhi ana romances, whakaputaina he kohinga ui "kaiwaiata Caucasian". Roa i mua i te kaikohi matua o te pakiwaitara M. I. Glinki ko Alyabev Aleksandr Aleksandrovich tuhi waiata Caucasians, Kirghiz, Bashkirs, a E fetaui ratou tukanga whakamahi i roto i tona mahi. Whai wāhi tahi ki Maksimovich i te pukapuka "Le'o o waiata Ukrainian" e he na aroha o N. V. Gogolyu. Here i roto i te hoho'a - te fare ariki, te wahi i mahi maha mahi Alyabiev mo te wa tuatahi, he hoa o te kaitito, te rongonui Alexander Griboyedov.

hoki

"Haere" Alyabiev rawa āta: i roto i te 1835 i tukua ki te ora ki whanaunga i roto i nga wahi o waho ake ki te kanga oti o te toro i te pane i roto i te tau 1843 i tukua ki te ora i roto i Moscow, engari i raro i tirotiro pirihimana tamau. tikanga tenei: e kore e kite i te whakarongo, ko kore he rōpū ranei i kōnohete te whare tapere ranei. Na reira oti tona ora, me te mahi, taua waiata roots ki patu ihirangi metarahi rite "Beggar", "kaitiaki Village", "tikiti". Na te pai, me ahau mea, ui e te iwi whānui kia tawhiti, engari tata anga katoa o ana mahi ki te wā tohutoro mātauranga.

E kore e tetahi o nga kaituhi tuatahi o romances Russian kihai i tangohia e te taua wahi tiketike i roto i te waiata Russian rite Alyabev Aleksandr Aleksandrovich. haurongo poto me te momo mīharo o te mau ohipa o tona ora uaua. Kua mahi ia i roto i tata katoa momo waiata, engari i tona pokapū o te moni kua lyrics waiata. Neke atu i te 180 waiata me patere tito e Alexander Alyabyev. Kaitito nei haurongo he rite ki te kore tenei i whai wāhi mahi pakeke i roto i te mamae hinengaro pouiri. Na tuhituhia ana e waiata ia, he mea tonu he hit, pērā i te "Nightingale" i runga i rotarota Delvig "Beggar" i runga i Beranger whiti ranei. Alexander Pushkin, e whakaaturia ana i roto i te whakaahua i raro nei, ko te kaituhi o neke atu i te rua tekau whiti waiata pai Alyabiev.

hanga

tuhituhi Romances Alexander Alyabyev i te mau irava o te kaitito pai o tona rangatira tino Davydov, Zhukovsky, Vyazemsky, Kozlov, Koltsov, Lermontov. Rua tekau-rua waiata i tuhituhia i roto i te irava Aleksandra Pushkina, a tekau ma rima o ratou - te ora noa o te rohipehe. I te mutunga o tona ora i te rahi atu i tetahi atu rotarota fakamānava'i Ogarev.

tuhituhi ahau Alyabyev me te rota o te waiata Tira pūoru me te ruma me te mauhaa: Symphony i E iti he tino pai, Overture Fakamamahi i F Minor, e rave rahi mau tamataraa konohete, he maha kōnohete hoki ngā mea takitahi me te upaupa, suites kanikani. Mohoa noa nei, ako maha rōpū ruma Alyabiev i roto i ngā kura waiata me Conservatories, me te tangi i roto i te mahi kōnohete. I roto i te whakaahua whakaatu i raro i te wa iwi tino ngā Alyabiev - Decembrist Alexander Bestuzhev-Marly, kaituhi o te pūrākau i runga i nei whakatakotoria te waiata opera Alyabiev i, me waiata i runga i rotarota Bestuzhev-Marly, i tuhituhi ano hoki ia.

Theatre, pakiwaitara, waiata tapu

Legacy Alyabiev Theatre - he whakaaturanga o te waiata nui i roto i te katoa mohiotia i te wa o momo: te reira te opera, me hīteki, me neke atu i te rua tekau comedies waiata, e kore e nui rerekē i te opera i, i reira te mea he cantata, me waiata mo nga whakaari o whare whakaari, me i roto ia ratou - me te pukuhohe me te aituā, me te whakaari. E te tuatahitia Moscow o o Pushkin "Mermaid" ki Shakespeare o "Te Tempest" me "nga wahine Merry o Windsor" Ko ano waiata i tuhituhia e te kaitito Alyabyev.

Whakaritea, kuranga,, whakaemi, ka whakaputaina he tokomaha o waiata iwi i roto i Compilations - Russian, Ukrainian, Tatar, Central Āhia, Caucasian. haere mai Neke atu i te kotahi rau mahi o te ihirangi fakalaumālie i tona pene, i roto ia ratou - te ki āna tikanga rongonui.

kainga tupu Meni

Ka rite reira maha e kore e tupu ki te pai o nga kaitoi e kahore wa ki te whai wāhi i roto i te mahi mo te huaai, e kite ratou e ora taua nuinga taau kaihanga "netlenki" Alyabiev tupu ranei. O nga mahi 450 (ko te ahua ballpark tenei), te nuinga - ko tonu i roto i te parau papa'i, e mo te hawhe o te rau tau mua, upoko tomo ngaro noa. E rave rahi o ana mahi kua whakaputaina, engari te hopoia te whana wareware. Na ko pai te waiata, me te taea e meinga ai ratou, me te kaitito rongo murimate, a ka meinga te taua täia, pērā i "Te Nightingale" i runga i Delvig whiti.

Ko te hunga e rima tekau nga tau i muri i te matenga o te kaitito me tona mahi, ko tona koioranga e kore kua oti tetahi whakahāweatanga nui. Ko e rua He pera maha āhuatanga! Kia pehea te maha faahiahia, me te taua onäianei e hiahiatia ana he kore e taea ki te hoki i te puehu o te wa! Tae noa 1825 te ingoa o te Alyabiev tā tata kihai i haere atu, engari i muri i - onge anake, te arotake mooni kotahi o te waiata. E faahuru ź tona koioranga, ki tonu i te raraunga hape ranei oti, na tata ngaro nga uri i te ingoa pai, me te mahi nui o te kaitito me te ahua waiata.

Te tuutuu ore me te mau parau tumu

Ahakoa fuu tukuaki'i teka kihai i whatiia te wairua o te kaihanga. I muri i te katoa, te taua hiahia mo te haere noa, te mokemoke hihiri, aroha me te mamae, hiahia mo te tika, e ko, te huinga ano o whakapakoko āhuatanga o te auahatanga, tatou e nehenehe e mau i roto i te whakamutunga o ona wā.

Alexander Alyabyev kaitito rite pūmanawa rite he pouri ratou, ka e ahau etahi whakamarie i te hui ki te wahine i mua, i te tetahi i kakahu nui ingoa kotiro Rimsky-Korsakov. Na ka ka tuhituhia tetahi o nga waiata pai alyabevskoy Pushkiniana - "Kua aroha ahau ki a koutou." Tenei wahine, koutou Ofrosimova ka uitoú, ka te wahine o te kaitito.

Nikolay Ogarov Bestuzhev-Marly

ka tino tata i roto i te tekau-o te rau tau whakamutunga Alyabyev kaitito me te pehe Ogarev. Alyabiev waiata pai - "tikiti", "Tavern", "kaitiaki Village" - i hanga rotarota Ogarev. Roa i mua i te taeraa mai o te rapu, me te Dargomyzhsky Mussorgsky romances fakamāmaní hira kaupapa o te kore ōritenga pāpori. te hopu me te whakarau, i te iti rawa: te rohi pehe ki te kaitito nui i roto i te noa i. Ahakoa whakamanawanui Alyabyev tenei hunga katoa me rite te mea i te aituā, ka ko Ogarev he hou pūmau me te konstitutsionistom, hoki i hāmenetia e ia e te ture. Ogarev ko Herzen, "pere", Ingarangi - mohio katoa, me te mahara.

Ko te toru opera whakamutunga tangi hoki Alyabiev ki huru angamaheni tutu, te reira Shakespeare "te Tempest" me "Edwin Oscar" i roto i te tuhinga o ngā pakiwaitara tawhito koltskih. Otiia tika reira he opera kupu motuhake "Ammalat Bey" i runga i te pūrākau e Alexander Bestuzhev-Marly me romance ki tona ake rotarota "i roto i, maru ana te Caucasus kapua." I patua e ia i roto i te Caucasus i 1837-m, a kei te tata patua tenei mate Alyabiev: i kohurutia kua reira e toru o tona kaitito tino. Na ano - Alexander Pushkin, Griboyedov, Bestuzhev-Marly. e kore memeha te wairua Decembrist whakakeke kua i roto i nga mahi o te kaitito.

mahara Hoki

Tīmata mahia o te mahi i mua kerekere o Aleksandra Alyabeva tū i roto i te puna o 1947. Na ka whakaritea te konohete i roto i te Moscow Philharmonic, i ngā neke atu i te kotahi rau tau o oti te warewaretanga "momo mo Whiorini ko Orchestra", "Te Tuatoru String Quartet" me rua tamataraa no orchestral. Ko rahi te angitu! Whakatairanga o kaitito ruma waiata whai wāhi i roto i taua kaiwaiata nui rite Gilels, Oistrakh, me ngā rōpū - ko Sveshnikov Choir, State Beethoven Quartet.

Mai 1949, kua kore i whakaputaina nga mahi whakaputaina Alyabiev, ratau heheu wahi matapo i roto i tona haurongo. Ko te māramatanga o te tūranga nui takaro ia i roto i te hītori o te toi puoro Russian. Ko te mea tino ngā ko e i roto i ngā pūranga rerekē tonu ki te ite i ana mahi unknown. Ka rite ki tonu te haere ona roa me te matawhenua o ratou whānui, kia puta me te ake ngā āhuatanga o te mahere taua.