Battle i runga i te Ice: te kaupapa me te tai o te whawhai

Battle i runga i te Ice - tetahi o nga pakanga nui i roto i te aamu o Russia, i roto i nei kitea te Prince o Novgorod Aleksandr Nevsky i runga i te roto o Peipsi whawhai hoia o te Order Livonian. No te rau tau maha, faihisitōlia haere totohe e pā ana ki te kōrero o te whawhai. e kore e mārama ētahi mea ki te mutunga, tae atu pehea ka mau te reira wahi te Ice. Taraiwa a ka tukua anō o ngā wāhanga o tenei pakanga ki a tatou te whakapuaki i te mea ngaro o nga mea ngaro o te hītori e pā ana ki te pakanga nui.

Whakamārama ki te pakanga

Mai 1237, ka te Pope kauwhautia te timatanga o te pakanga i muri ki te whenua i te Baltic rawhiti i waenganui i nga rangatiratanga Russian i runga i te ringa kotahi, ko Sweden, Denmark me te Order Livonian German - i te tahi atu i te ringa, pupuritia te ngaohiko tamau, e i nga wa tupu ki mahi hōia.

Na, i roto i 1240 te Knights Swedish arahina e Birger Jarl u i te mangai o te Neva, engari i patua ratou i roto i te pakanga whakatakotoria te ope Novgorod i raro i te mana o Prince Aleksandra Nevskogo.

I roto i te taua tau, i te Order Livonian anga ino i runga i te whenua Russian. ka mau ana ana taua Izborsk me Pskov. Aromatawai i te ati Novgorod veche i roto i 1241 tohe hoki ki te kingitanga o Alexander, ahakoa tata anake peia ia. huihui Prince kapa, a ka whakatutehu ki nga Livonians. I roto i te Maehe 1242, i taea e ki te tuku i Pskov ia. oho Alexander ana hōia ki te taonga o te Ota, i roto i te ahunga o te episekoporaa o Dorpat, te wahi huihui nga Crusaders nui kaha. rite nga rōpū mo te whawhai whakatakotoria.

Hoariri whakatau April 5, 1242 i te moana o Peipus, ka hipoki tonu ki te tio. Ko te aha i muri whiwhi te ingoa o te pakanga - Battle o te Ice. Lake i te hohonu nui whakatotoka ki te tu hoia kaha patu.

ope o nga rōpū

ko te ope Russian hanganga kaua kongakonga. Ko te matua o reira, kahore he feaa, ko kapa Novgorod. I tua atu, ka tomo te ope te pera-ka karanga "papa raro" e arahina boyars. tata te katoa maha o nuu faehau Russian e kōrero i 15-17 mano iwi.

Te ope, rawa, ko Livonians: hore. Battle tapahanga o ana hoia i patu i nui Ota Military , ahu e te Kaiwhakaako Andreas von Velvenem, e, Heoi, i roto i te whawhai ano i kore whai wāhi. i roto i te hōia Danish ano nga hoa, me te nuu faehau o te pa o Dorpat, i ngā he maha nui o Estonians. tata te tapeke o nga mano Livonia te i 10-12 mano iwi.

te tai o te whawhai

Kua mahue tatou puna Historical mōhiohio tika iti e pā ana ki te pehea, ki te hora i te whawhai ano. Battle i runga i te Ice timata ki te meka i haere mai i mua i te kaikopere o nga hoia Novgorod, ka hipoki te whatu o Knights pere mahi. Ko te whakamutunga i taea, te whakamahi i te whare hōia, tuku ki rite "poaka" ki te kuru i te gunmen me whati i te pokapū o te ope Russian.

Te kitenga o tenei āhuatanga, whakahau Alexander Nevsky hoia ki te tae Livonians hope. tangohia Knights i roto i te o Tunihia,. timata te reira i to ratou whakangaromanga taimaha o toa Russian. hōia Houalotú o te Order, te kitenga e kua patua ratou ope matua, huakina ana ki te mawhiti. kapa Novgorod whaia rere hoki i runga i whitu kiromita. mutu te whawhai i roto i te wikitoria oti hoki te ope Russian.

Taua ko te kōrero o te pakanga i runga i te Ice.

Driving te whawhai

No miharo nga pukapuka kāinga i runga i ngā take hōia tangohia kua he wahi tika te Ice. Te hoahoa i raro nei, āta whakaatu he mea homai rangatira Aleksandra Nevskogo me hi'oraa nga ngā mahi whawhai pai.

I runga i te mahere, tatou mārama kite te tuatahi hōia Livonian pakaruhanga i roto i nga rarangi o te kapa Russian. whakaaturia hoki Knights tira me te whati muri o te Order ope pŭpŭ tauturu, i oti me te Ice. Ko te kaupapa e āhei ki a koutou hanga i te raraunga hui i roto i te mekameka kotahi, a nui whakahaere ka mau wahi te hangaia anō i roto i te akoranga o te ngā whawhai.

nunu'a o te whawhai

I muri i te ope Novgorod riro te wikitoria oti i runga i te ope Crusader, he aha te kaiaka o Alexander Nevsky nui, i hainatia te whakaaetanga te rongo i roto i nei ki te Whakatau Livonian whakarere rawa ona hoko tata i roto i te rohe o te whenua Russian. I whakawhiti ano te reira i herehere.

Ko te hinga, i tukua i roto i te Ota o pakanga o te Ice, i pera nui e ko ia hoki kotahi tekau nga tau kapikapi ratou patunga me e kore e ara whakaaro e pā ana ki te whakaekenga hou o te whenua Russian.

No whakaora iti nui Aleksandra Nevskogo me te horopaki o ngā kōrero whānui. I muri i te katoa, i reira whakaritea ai whakatakotoria te whakarau o to tatou whenua, me te mutunga tūturu ki te aroraa o Crusaders German i roto i te aronga te rawhiti i. Ko e mo'oni, i muri e kore e whai te Whakatau ki te haehae atu tetahi wahi o te whenua Russian, engari e kore i te whakaekenga kihai i tangohia e te taua pūāhua nui.

Pōhēhētanga me fakato'u'osi e pā ana ki te whawhai

He ko he tirohanga e ko te nuinga o roto i te pakanga o te moana o Peipsi i āwhina ope Russian te huka, e kore nei e mau te taimaha o Knights Tiamana puhoi patu, ka anga ki te totohu raro ratou. I roto i te meka, e kore te mea kahore haamauraa hītori o tenei meka. Ano, kia rite ki te rangahau tata, te taimaha o te taputapu hoia Russian Tiamana me hoia whai wāhi i roto i te whawhai, i āhua rite.

Crusaders Tiamana i roto i te tirohanga o te iwi maha, matua te i faauruhia e te kiriata, he puhoi patu cuirassiers potae, maha whakapaipai ki haona. I roto i te meka, te tūtohinga o te Whakatau aukati i te whakamahi o te whakapaipai potae-eke. Na kahore he haona Livonians, i roto i te parau tumu, i taea e kore e.

hua

Ko te kupu, i kitea e matou i roto i taua ko tetahi o nga pakanga tino nui, me te rongonui i roto i te aamu i te whenua o te pakanga o te Ice. tukua kaupapa pakanga ki mārama tā tatou tona akoranga, me te whakatau i te take matua mō te hinga o te Knights - reassess ratou ope ka ratou ta'etokanga tino rerenga ki te whakaeke.