Chesme Palace i St Petersburg: History, wāhitau, whakaahua

I waenganui St Petersburg me Tsarskoye selo i te kingitanga o Catherine II te matatini watea i roto i te ara roa i hanga. I roto i te honore o te tau 10 o te wikitoria o te kaipuke Russian puta te ingoa "Ekalesia Cesme" me "Chesme Palace", e he haamana'oraa o te kororia hōia o te kaipuke Russian. Palace ite wā rerekē, engari noho tonu te whakapaipai o St Petersburg.

wahi

Ahakoa te meka i hanga te matatini rite te ara, i tenei ra ko Chesme Palace i St Petersburg (te wāhitau o ona Street Gastello, 15). A i roto i te wa o Catherine te nui, i reira e nohoia, moorland. haere te rohe ki Russia rite ki te hua o te Pakanga Northern, a ka kainga a te kingi.

huaina te wahi i roto i Finnish Kikerikiksen, i whakamaoritia te tikanga "poraka marsh", i te mea he aha, ko te tohu o te heke mai o te whare te poraka matomato.

I roto i te 1717, kua te ara kua ata ki te noho i roto i Tsarskoye selo, a timata tenei te hītori o te nohoanga ko wahi. I teie mahana, rite kua whakahuatia, Kei Chesma whare i roto i St Petersburg.

horopaki o ngā kōrero

I roto i te tikanga ki te haere i te whakamarie ki tona noho raumati i Tsarskoye selo, whakahau Ekaterina Velikaya whitu maero i te whakapaipai ki te hanga i te nohoanga kōnae. Na ka hapu Chesme Palace i St. Petersburg, nei hītori kua roa, me te ngā.

I huaina tuatahi te reira i te whare. Otira, i te oti o te mahi i runga i te hanga o te whare, ka haere mai te rongo o te wikitoria o te kaipuke Russian i roto i te pakanga o Chesma. Me kï reira e he tino nui hoki Russia te wikitoria mo Turkey. Ahakoa kore e taea ki te wikitoria Constantinople rite moe, engari i tino nui i roto i te akoranga o tenei whawhai ara te raupatu o Azov me Kerch. Na i taea e noa oko kaihokohoko Russian haere i roto i te moana Black, a korerotia e ana e ia he rota o te painga.

I roto i Russia reira ko nga wikitoria nui i roto i te Pakanga Turkish o te whakanui i tetahi tohu te iho. Na i roto i Tsarskoye selo ko atamira Turkish me teneti, Crimean me tīwae Chesme, a whakaturia nga whenua o te rangatira te whare i roto i ngā momo Byzantine me Oriental. Na reira, ko te reira arorau ki te whakaingoa i te ara hou Chesmensky Palace, me te te hahi i hanga i muri ki reira.

kaihoahoa

mohiotia Ekaterina Velikaya te mo tona tauine rahi me te rota o te aroha ki te hanga. I roto i ia kingi te whenua katoa, a St Petersburg i ngā kua riro te rota o whare papai me whare.

Ko te kuini ko te rota o te take mo te whakatu whare hou, pērā i te roa o te haere i te whakapaipai ki Tsarskoye selo. She unwilling dwell in places unseemly because povsyudu wanted she ki feel comfortable. A, no te faaoti i te Empress ki te hanga i te whare hou - "whare" - ka tahuri ia ki Yuri Matveyevich Felten, tetahi o nga kaihoahoa matua o te whakapaipai.

ako te kaihoahoa i te Academy o Fine Arts, mahi hoki te maha nga tau ki Rastrelli, i muri i tona matenga oti ia te hanga o te kaihoahoa nui. Experience me taranata hanga Felten me Vallin de la Mothe ārahi architect o St Petersburg. Na roto i te 1774 i kua i hanga tona pūkete i pērā i Lutheran me te Ekalesia o Armenian St. Catherine, iti me te nui Hermitage, Palace parepare me te taiepa rongonui o te Summer Garden.

ka whakatupato whare Chesma te kaihoahoa mo te ahua o te whakamātau. Oia mau, i roto i te pane e kua hohore ki te hanga i te whare i roto i te kāhua Gothic kua, engari i waho te pa whakaaetia taua wāteatea.

History hanga

whakaturia Chesmensky ratere Palace i roto i 1774, me e toru nga tau i muri whakanuia te Empress te housewarming. i whakaratohia Tere o hanga i te meka e i taea ki te whakamahere tika te mahi te kaihoahoa Yu. M. Felten. A, o te akoranga, wāhi ki te hanganga o te tere o te rota te rota o te moni ki te hanga i pau Catherine.

tawhiti te rohe i raro i te whare i kore te tino whai, na i te wā tuatahi, i reira e tika ana ki te hanga i te rohe waikeri, i keria ano he awa ki runga i te paenga o te pae ki te haere tonu kahore i nga kakaho i pakaru te whare. haapuai te reira i te mana'o o te whare rangatira, me te peehia o te take, e hanga nei i te whenua o te waikeri.

Te matatini whare ngā te whare matua o te rua patunga ki te kikorangi me te kokonga pourewa, te hahi kohatu o te'Alo'í o Ioanna Krestitelya me te maha o outbuildings. E te matatini whare i kawea i roto i te taha o tuleki ara, i haaati i te rua kuwaha kohatu i roto i te kāhua Gothic.

āhuatanga hoahoanga o te whare

hapu Chesma whare i roto i te kāhua tupurangi-Gothic, a i taea ki te paturu tenei whakaaro i te kaihoahoa. Ko te faaururaa mo te kaihoahoa i nga makawe i runga i nga tahatika rāwhiti o te Bosphorus. Oriental āhuatanga ata tuhituhia i roto i te kāhua Gothic, e kore ratou e hopu i te kanohi, a ka he tika he whakamahara ngawari.

I roto i ngā o te whare te whare matua ko te tapatoru rite ki pourewa a tawhio ki taumaihi i roto i te koki. Ia pourewa he oti rama ki domes āhua-porohita. Ko nga taiepa o waho o te whare i runga ake i te teitei o ngā whare i roto i te puka o te karauna taputapu taketake. whakapaipai te papa whenua o te whare i ki rustication, runga papa - pereki paninga. Ataahua matapihi tairanga hanga he mana'o o te whare rangatira wharekarakia. hoahoanga rahi me te tino Chesmensky Palace haaputapū pa kaha pono.

roto

E te ara, e kore Chesma Palace (St. Petersburg), waho whakapaipai i roto i te kāhua lozhnogoticheskom ko te tohu iti o Gothic roto. Kua hangaia te wanihi e i roto i te kāhua o Catherine Classicism wawe tino.

I runga i te taiepa taea e koe te kite i te awhi, ngaahi mētali, moldings, kupenga, he tupare o puawai e kua riro te waitohu o Yu. M. Feltena. Ko te rōrahi matua o te whare ni'ai te ruma matua o te tapatoru, kei te whakapaipai ki nga whakairo i te taiwhanga F. Shubin tohu ana i te ariki rahi Russian me nga kingi.

Hoki ngā kaupapa ko Felten fare katoa whakapaipai me ruma o te whare, i pupuri ia kato ake taonga me te papanga, e pai kia tika ki te whakapaipai i te roto o te whare. Rawa hoki tona noho hou whakahau Ekaterina i wheketere porcelain English Wedgwood mahi tina o 952 ngā tūemi, ia o nei te puau ei te poraka - te huru Chesmensky Palace. I teie mahana, tenei mahi - te whakapaipai o te kohinga Hermitage.

History pakeke tukinotia te roto ataahua o te whare. noho te reira i iti - whakaahua me whakairo i whakawhitia ki te whare taonga, taonga āta raruraru. Otiia i roto i te 2005, i whakahou reira whare matua o te noho, kei te karangatia e ia inaianei St. George.

Palace ko Ekaterina Velikaya

ka Chesme Palace i St Petersburg tetahi o nga wahi tino o te Empress. Ia maha tae mai ia, a ka te kawea reira i roto i nga hui, whakanui.

A i roto i te 1792, i homai e Catherine te whare ki te Chapter o te Order o St. George. Mai i konei i roto i te whare a tawhio noa i runga i te rua o nga patunga witi, kua tū he hui o nga Knights o te Order, kei te maha i tae e te Empress. Tonu tuu ratou whakahaere, pūranga, me te taonga.

I muri i te matenga o te whare Catherine o te nui, kāore, i te reira i roto i ururua.

tau o te tau'a ore

Paora, i haere ki te mana, tino kore e hiahia ki te whakamahi i te whare. A, no te takoto kau ana Alexander te Tuarua me te whare, anake rua i roto i reira okioki te kotiro o Catherine Institute.

I raro i Nicholas i whakamahia te Ekalesia Tuatahi o te whare mō te e mau ana i roto i nga taka mo te tanumanga o te ariki Grand. Hea pau koe i te po o te tinana tuakana o te kingi o Alexander, i konei neke te reira ki te kawhena papai, ka tangohia ki te hunaraa i konei. tupu te taua mea ki a Elizabeth Alekseevna tinana.

almshouse

kihai i rite Emperor Paora tetahi e fakamanatu ia o tona whaea, na Chesma ia whare kihai i haere, a ka pai ki te noho i tona wa i roto i Gatchina. Ia tae noa hiahia ki te hoatu Palace he kei rawakoretia, engari e kore e te kaupapa i whakatinana. kitea te Kōmihana reira e taea ki te whakarite i te reira, whakamārama i te kore o te kaimahi wai.

Mō tenei whakaaro mahara Nicholas ahau, ko wai i roto i te 1830 whakaputaina he tikanga i runga i te whakatū o Chesma whare almshouses hōia mo te hauā me hōia o te whawhai te tau 1812. Ko te kupu mutu te kōrero o te whare whare.

Hoki te haratau me te whakapiki ake i kua whakahaeretia te rohe o te whare hanganga nui. fekau'i 'A. Shtaubert kaihoahoa i ki rework te whare ki te hotera mo te hunga hauā. whakaoti ia nga whare e toru-papa ano, tūhono ratou ki whitinga hou i roto i te pourewa kokonga. Ki te pourewa ratou kua nekehia, ka whakakapi parapets whai niho o te kikorangi. kuwaha Brick whakakapia ki hou maka-rino.

I runga i te papa 2 o te hahi i whakatapua hotoke. Engari o ngahere me wahi kai i roto i mua o te break park auau mō noho haere. E whā tau i muri mai, i rite he Tūroro, i taea e te reira whakanoho 400 manuhiri. Etahi wa i muri mai, i runga i nga outbuilding kua hanga e matou ake i runga i te 2 patunga. Āta hanga huri noa whare atu, ka whakangaromia te urupā. Ko te kupu mutu te iku'anga o te matatini hoahoanga - te, e kikī ana whaiāipo wa tino ataahua o Catherine.

Ko te wā Soviet

I roto i te 1919 Chesma whare tatari mō whakamātautau hou. I katia Almshouse me i te whenua i hanga he puni mo herehere o te whawhai, me nga hoariri o te tikanga hou. pahuatia Chesma Ekalesia, huia tona ripeka, hutia i roto i ona kuku wahi me te hama, rite tohu o te wā hou.

I roto i te tau 1930 tukua te whare o te mua Palace Chesmensky Road Institute. Hoki nga hiahia o te whare ki te hanga ano i runga i nga parirau. A i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, ko te hahi, me te whare kino pakaru e poma. I muri i te whawhai, i hoatu te matatini te Institute o Aviation Leningrad.

I roto i te 1946, ka hanga ko te Palace, ahakoa kahore tino tiaki e pā ana ki te tiaki o te ahua taketake. Ēnei mahi arahina e te kaihoahoa A. Korjagin.

ra i teie mahana

Chesma whare whakaahua ko anake i roto i te tohu iti rite te whakaaro taketake o te kaihoahoa te nona tonu tenei ra i te University o Aerospace Instrumentation.

he tuwhera mō te uru tūmatanui Manor Park. A i roto i te 1994, ka hoki mai te Ekalesia Cesme ki te Ekalesia Siu, ka anga te whakahokinga mai o wanihi me ahua waho o te temepara. I teie mahana, titiro tata rawa hāngai ia ki te hanga o te rau tau 18.

I roto i te tīmatanga o 21 rau tau th, i whakaritea e te reira ki te whakahoki i te whare matua o te whenua, a i te 2005 i whakatuwheratia mana reira. noho te whare te Whare Wānanga Library me taurima ngā ngā kawa. Kia aroha mai, i tenei ra anake etahi wāhanga o te whare matua tukua ki a koe e kite i te whakaaro rerekē Felten.