He aha te mea maha-kē o te whanaketanga pāpori? He aha e nga momo o kamupene

I teie mahana kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te mea he maha-kē o te whanaketanga pāpori. Revolution me te whakahou - te mea tuatahi i tatou ki te whakatau. Next!

whakahou

Tuatahi, kia mea a e whanaketanga pāpori maha-kē - te reira i te ara katoa i roto i ai rerekē hapori whakawhanake. Ko reira kahore he mea ngaro e te whanaketanga o te hapori e kore e taea e rārangi, no te mea o nei i reira ko te maha rawaka o ngā rōpū rerekē, e he rawa rerekē ki tahi i te tahi. Nature o te whanaketanga pāpori taea te tango kia rua ngā taketake: ripeneta me te revolution. Kia tango o te titiro i te tuatahi.

Na, he aha te mea he whakahou? Mai i te kupu Latin iritihia rite "tahuri". Reform - he tikanga o te huringa pāpori, e te whakatinana āta, i roto i ngā wā huri huānga takitahi. He āhuatanga āhuatanga ko e kore ratou e ofati etahi ture taketake. Ka taea e hanganga e ahu whakamua, me te whakaheke. Kia aroha mai, Waitohungia reira he reira tino uaua. Oia mau, e hopoi mai te ahua tuatahi o te huringa painga tūmatanui inaianei ranei i roto i te heke mai (hei tauira, te whakahounga nui o Alexander II), me te tuarua - te kino (hei tauira, counter-whakahounga o Alexander III). Kei te matau te reira e tukua nga hanganga whakamua te hapori ki te hanga i te taahiraa i mua i roto i tona whanaketanga, me hoki te hapori whakaheke ai pe ki te wāhanga o mua o te whanaketanga.

takotoranga o whakahounga

E toru ngā wāhi matua i roto i nei e te whakatinana whakahounga. O te akoranga, e taea te tāutuhia ratou nui ake, engari te taketake - anake enei e toru: tōrangapū, ōhanga, me te pāpori. arotahi ana te tuatahi i runga i te tahi mau panoni i roto i te ora tōrangapū (te huri ture, whakamanatanga, ao hou o te pūnaha pōti, me pera i runga i. D.). hāngai ana te whakamutunga e i te huringa o te āhuatanga ōhanga, e ko, mea katoa hono e te ki te whakahaere o te ōhanga (ture antitrust, mau ohipa Ekisia, pakihi tūmataiti, me pera i runga i. D.). hanganga pāpori e hāngai ana te hapori iho. Ka taea e ratou te whakapai ake kia uaua te ora mo te iwi (te huri i te tūranga tau, haumaru pāpori, te whakarato o ngā mahi, me te pera i runga i. D.) ranei.

Ka taea te kawea i roto i hanganga i roto i ngā wāhi katoa o te hapori, no te mea kahore he meka e kore e e kia taurangi. kia whai ratou i te iti pānga, a taea wahia i roto i te huringa i roto i te pūnaha pāpori te huringa o te kaha ranei: te whakahounga o Pita ahau, te whakahou o te 90-doma o te rau tau whakamutunga i roto i Russia, a na runga i ..

revolution

Multivariance whanaketanga pāpori - ko reira kore whakahou anake, engari revolution. Mai i te kupu Latin e whakamāoritanga rite "he tahuritanga." Ka taea e tatou te mea e te revolution - ko reira he ritenga tukanga ki te whakahounga. fokotu'u mai e ia he huringa kounga me te ine i roto i maha ao katoa o te hapori, tutuki nei i te mahi whakatakotoria ranei. Nuinga o ngā wā i tenei coups me whakakeke, e te hunga o te mau hopearaa wā roa-. Ka taea e revolution e wā-roa, me te wā-poto. Ko te mua taea muri i te wa rawa roa: hei tauira, te Neolithic Revolution. Tuarua ki whakamutunga tau.

Innovation me te ao hou,

Multivariance whanaketanga pāpori e taea kahore auaha. I tēnei wā, ngā ariā pērā i revolution whakahou ranei, e te mono i te taha o te kupu "auahatanga". He aha te mea te reira? Tenei whakapai tuku i iti nei hei kaha te tahi mea ki te whakawhāiti i whakapumautia tikanga. Hoki, ka taea e maha e kitea e koe he mea pēnei i "ao hōu". E hono tata Sociologists take o te whanaketanga o sotaiete ki te wā, no te mea tohu te reira i te whakawhitinga i te tahi mea tuku iho ki hōu, te whakawhanake me te tino tika. E rua ariā o te ao hōu:

• Kura Tuatahi, e hāngai ana nei i runga i te momo o te whanaketanga o te te moni Western.
• Ko te Tuarua, i te tikanga whakakapinga o te tuakiri me te mana āhua o te whakataki o Western-kāhua. I ētahi wā ka karangatia e tenei ariā te ariā o te tono tika Westernization ranei.

whanaketanga pāpori Multivariance: typology o sotaiete

Nuinga o ngā wā, Whakaröpütia sosaieti rite ki wha paearu taketake: te tuhituhi, te maha o ngā taumata whakahaere, te taumata o te whanaketanga, ngā āhuatanga formational. E ai ki te paearu tuatahi tuku tuhituhia me ngā momo o hapori preliterate. I runga i te tuarua (te maha o ngā papa o te whakahaere, pārōnaki o te pāpori) - ohie (i roto i nei kahore he rereketanga o te iwi noa me te kāwanatanga, i waenganui taonga me te rawakore) me matatini (pūnaha mana maha-wā, i reira te mea he raupapatanga o te hapori) sotaiete. Ka taea te whakawhanakehia e te taumata o te whanaketanga o tetahi o ratou, te whakawhanake underdeveloped ranei. hapori tohu Formational whakarōpū e whai ake:

• hapori Classless, e ngā te hapori tahito me te hapori kominiusi.
• hapori Class, e ngā te pononga, feudal me ngā rōpū capitalist.

huarahi Hanganga Marx

He aha e taea e te maha-kē o te whanaketanga pāpori? He aha te mea te reira - tatou e matau kua, engari ki te whakahoki kupu i te pātai o te aha e taea e te reira taea ki te awhina o huarahi motuhake. Ratou i reira e rave rahi, engari whakaaro tatou e rua - civilizational me formational. I whakawhanakehia e te whakamutunga Karlom Marksom me Fridrihom Engelsom.

Ko te ariā matua i roto i to ratou huarahi - he pūnaha pāpori-ōhanga. Hei huihuia ake, huri i te reira i roto i taua he reira te taua rite e o hapori - te hapori, i te mea i etahi he wāhanga o te whanaketanga me te kua kitea i roto i te kotahitanga o tona production me ope ōhanga e whai ki te waiho i te tāpiri-i runga i ki nei. Ko te pūnaha Māoritanga whakapono ranei tūturu i roto i te katoa o te hapori, me whai wāhi nui i roto i auaha whakaaro tūmatanui, me te tu'atiraa rahi ki te mau marôraa mana'o ōhanga. Me tapae ano e te reira i te pūtake e tohu i te pūnaha ōhanga ngā, i te mea motuhake o te kaupapa e tomo ki whanaunga ōhanga.

I roto i te ariā o te wahi nui nohoia e te ope hua o Marx - te iwi, me nga tikanga o te hanga, e whai te matauranga ranei pūkenga e tika ana. tīpakohia te superstructure te i runga i te mea pūtake i whiriwhiri rānei. Ko te whakamutunga tautuhi ana te pūtake o te hanganga, me solves te raruraru o te hapori nō ki te momo ngā.

huarahi civilizational

He aha te mea maha-kē o te whanaketanga pāpori? Ko tenei whakamāramatanga i roto i te huarahi civilizational kua he maha o ngā rerekētanga i te tuatahi o tenei huarahi:

• Ko te ahanoa o ako - e kore te momo o te pūnaha ōhanga, hapori, me te takitahi, e whakawhanake i runga i ō rātou hiahia me ngā ngākau nuitanga.
• kite te tangata e rite te rauemi hua e kore anake, engari ano hoki i rite te tangata ki o ratou te mau parau tumu morare, matatika, me te pāpori.
• rāngai rerekē o te hapori e rite (tōrangapū, ahurea, ture, ohaoha). e kore e whanaketanga ōhanga te tākaro i te tūranga ngoi.

whanaketanga pāpori Multivariance: momo o sotaiete

E toru ngā momo taketake o kamupene:

1. Tuku iho, i roto i nei te take matua o te hanga - whenua. Kei te whakahaua ano ki te kai, a ka kua whakamana e ā-mahi o te takitahi. Agriculture i roto i te hapori taua he e pā ana ki 80%. 40-50 tau ora te tangata. āhuatanga āhuatanga: katia pūnaha pāpori, kahore he whakapā ki ētahi atu whenua, iti pāpori nekeneke.
2. Ahumahi, i roto i nei i runga i te ahumahi wahi tuatahi, me te haaputuputuraa o te whakapaipai. tau ana te mana Society, ka whakapumautia whanaunga ki ētahi atu whenua, te kupu o te tikanga o te ture.
3. Post-ahumahi, e whai te uara o te matauranga me ngā ratonga. Tino whakanuia ana te taumata o te aunoatanga o mahi, nui haere tümanako ora (70 tau). Kei te whakahaeretia te Company, i reira he pluralism tōrangapū, Kei te whakawhanake manapori.

Ka rite ki taea e matou te titiro, huarahi maha-kē o te whanaketanga pāpori (kua arotakengia i runga momo o kamupene tatou) He maha ngā rerekētanga. Ehara i whenua katoa i tenei ra i oho ki te ahua pou-ahumahi. He aha e taea e te kāwanatanga e toe i runga i te atamira ahumahi? Hanga i tētahi mahere. whanaketanga pāpori ka tangohia ake Multivariance te whanaketanga e tika ana o te rautaki mo te tau e haere mai i roto i te tikanga ki te neke ki te momo postindustrial.