Hepatitis B huaketo - he aha te mea te reira? Me pēhea te ki te hamani kakā B?

Hepatitis B huaketo - he aha te mea te reira? Ko te mate, ko te he viral anthroponotic, t. E. taea parasitize te reira i te tukumate anake i roto i te tangata. Hepatitis B huaketo he mahi kaha hepatotropic. maha whakaoho Cirrhosis me ate matepukupuku tenei tukumate ngā.

E ai ki ngā tatauranga, i Russia i ia tau ki te 50 mano pāngia take o kakā B me kawe ma'i -. Neke atu i te 5 miriona te iwi. Ko te tino nui te nuinga o tenei mate i roto i te ao - i reira e runga 350 miriona kawe o te huaketo, 250,000 mate o nei ia tau i te whānuitanga o pathologies ate.

Hepatitis B huaketo: kiripuaki

Tenei nuinga o te mate, ko te tika ki te pūmautanga whakaponohia o te tukumate ki te āhuatanga ngā o te matū me ngā pānga tinana. he ātete ki pānga pāmahana iti kakā B huaketo, a tae noa toutou Kangatari me te hukapapa e kore ia e whakamatea. Kohua ano ki HBV (ti'araa i roto i te tuhinga) e kore pānga.

Ko te maturuturunga iho maroke o te toto i te pāmahana rūma, kei te rongoa te huaketo ki runga ki te marama, neke atu rānei, kei te rongoa reira serum maroke ki te 25, ka whakatotoka (i -20 nekehanga) - 15 tau.

E haamou i (Tautauā) e taea te autoclaved reira mo te 30 meneti, ranei te oneone i roto i te oumu rangi wera mo te haora i te whānuitanga pāmahana o 180 nekehanga.

Ko te puka o te kakā B

Kia pehea te mōrearea he kakā B? He aha te mea te reira, ka pehea ki te whakaatu mate? Ka tamata i te whai ake e rua o enei pātai e taea te whakahoki tino.

Ka taea e Hepatitis B e whakapeka ma'i ranei. whakawhanake Koi tika i muri i te mate, me te mutunga o te wā heki. Ka taea e muri i te reira i te maha wiki ki te ono marama. I roto i tenei take, mārama whakahuatia tohu anake i roto i te hawhe o nga take:

• mamae i roto i te puku i runga i te tika, i roto i te kikorangi costal;
• whakapairuaki me te ruaki;
• ake i roto i te pāmahana te tinana (kirika);
• ānini;
• ngoikore;
• mamae tahi;
• yellowness o te kiri kanohi ranei;
• mimi pouri (te tae o te pia);
• feces poapoa.

Koi (icteric) puka o Hepatitis B ko te tikanga 80% o te mutunga whakaora o te manawanui.

Ka taea e ngā tamariki, me te tahi mau taime ngā pakeke kia ahua asymptomatic o kakā B. I roto i tenei akoranga nui o te mate e kitea tohumate. He pea he ahuatanga iti me te rohirohi, ki nei he maha ite ore nga tūroro. I roto i tenei take, maha kitea te aroaro o te kakā B huaketo i roto i te toto e tino e tupono, hei tauira, i te whakamātautau i muri hauora. maha riro te akoranga ngawari taua o te mate ma'i. maha rawa mutu mate ki te pēpi huaketo i roto i whanau i te mate whaea i roto i te puka ma'i.

I roto i ētahi wā whakawhanake fulminant (matepukupuku) kakā - ko te mate kino rawa, e taea arahi ki te kanisā 'ate ranei tenei.

Me pēhea e koe kia huaketo?

Tuku o kakā B e taea puta i roto i ngā huarahi rerekē. Ko te puna o te mate he iwi e mate ana, ranei - hanganga ture-kore ki etahi ture - pāpāho. Ano he kaikawe o te kakā B i tenei mate e kore e tukua e (kahore tohu), engari i reira he he huaketo i roto i tona toto.

Ko te ara tino noa o te kirimana i te mate - i roto i te toto. Hei tauira, pāhorehore tuku i roto i ngira i roto i ngā kaiwhakamahi tarukino i to ratou whakamahi tuarua, i roto i painga oneone mea titi makawe ranei salons. Hoki te mate, ko te nui iti rawa o toto, te antigen he ai kakā B. Ahakoa horopeta mōkitokito rite ki 0,00004 ml, kia meinga mate. Kua whakahuatia kua matou e ko te tino pūmau te huaketo, a tae noa i roto i te maturuturunga iho toto maroke i te pāmahana rūma e tonu ai hoki i runga i te marama.

I tua atu, tuku kakā B te moepuku. Kei te roto te reira i tino i roto i ngā rauemi koiora katoa, tae atu te hunga i roto i te parāoa.

Ko reira ano hoki pea, me te mate intrauterine o te kukune (i te whaea mate). Otiia i konei ko reira e tika ana ki te whakamārama i taua mate perinatal, t. E. I mua i te tīmatanga o te mahi, ko te tino onge. Nuinga o ngā wā, ko te mate o te tamaiti puta i roto i whanau, ie. E. Intrapartum. I muri i te ahua o kongakonga i runga i te mate ka taea te marama i roto i te whāngai ū.

Eaha te tupu i muri i mate?

I muri ko te huaketo B kakā i roto i te toto tonu he tangata hauora, tae reira te bloodstream o hepatocytes (pūtau ate). puta ratou tukuruatanga (uri) o te huaketo, e pā he maha piki haere o ngā pūtau hou, me etahi wāhanga o te DNA viral ngātahi ki te DNA o hepatocytes. E kore e te pūnaha ārai mate ia ite i te pūtau whakarerekē me kite ratou rite ke. haamata te reira ki te whakaputa i paturopi ki te whakangaro hepatocytes whakarerekē. Ko te kupu, Kei te ngaro te ate, e arata'i ki te tukanga inflammatory me te kakā.

tātaringa

Hoki te tātaritanga o te mate, engari te tātari matüora mua o te ALT me bilirubin, te whakamahi i tohu motuhake o te mate ate kakā B:

• HBsAg antigen;
• HBeAG antigen.

I tua atu, i te whakamahi tātaritanga motuhake o paturopi ki enei antigens me HBcore pūmua motuhake, e puta ka whakapeka kakā B:

• anti-HBcore;
• anti-HBe.

Ēnei antigens me paturopi i roto i te wā rerekē o te mate i kitea i roto i etahi ōwehenga. tauturu ratou ako whānui whakatau i te wā o HBV, e taea ana ki te matapae i te akoranga atu o te mate, me te hanga i te talena maimoatanga.

He aha ngā āhuatanga whakanui i te mōrea o te mate?

whakaatu tatauranga e puta te mate huaketo tino noa i waenganui i nga tau o te 15 ki te 30 tau. Ko wai pāngia e te mate pērā i kakā B? He aha te mea te reira - i matau kua matou, ka inaianei aparau i tatou he aha ngā āhuatanga whai wāhi ki te mate. Na, i te mōrearea ngā:

• Tūroro tafa niho;
• iwi e whakamahi i te ratonga o te manicure me Häkari salons;
• kiritaki ngoto me salons tattoo;
• addicts;
• iwi e mate ana nei maimoatanga tā huhu toto auau te whakamahi o te tātari toto ranei (taputapu "tākihi horihori") ;
• hei wahine;
• iwi nei pinepine te huri hoa fakasekisualé.

Tino whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te mate āwhina te kano ki B. kakā e taea te mahi te reira i roto i te tari o tetahi haumanu werohanga.

Me pēhea te ki te hamani kakā B huaketo?

whāinga Therapy i ārai te whanaketanga o te cirrhosis me mate pukupuku ate. rite tenei te ki te tämi tukuruatanga huaketo i roto i te pūtau ate me te māori o ngā taumata transaminase.

Ko te whakatau i runga i te āhua o ki te hamani kakā B huaketo e te mate tākuta hopuhopu. Whakaora - he tukanga roa. Ko te kōwhiringa o te maimoatanga tei runga i te mahi o te huaketo me te mōrea o te whakawhanake cirrhosis me ate mate pukupuku.

te tikanga whakaaroaronga whakapeka kakā viral i runga i ona ake, mai te ora tonu o te manawanui. Ko te okotahi he nui ahua fulminant o kakā B, engari reira Waimarie tupu rawa uaua. Whakaora whakahaua i te excretion HBV whakapeka o tāoke (detoxification) me te faati'a faahou o hepatocytes.

Hoki te maimoatanga o antivirals HBV ma'i e whakamahia. Hei tauira, whakamahia te medicament "Interferon Alfa-2a" te 1 wa ia wiki mō te tau kotahi (horopeta pakeke ko 180 mg). Kei te whānui analogues nucleoside whakamahia: "Entecavir", "Lamuvidin", "Adefovir". mutu enei raau taero te horapa o te huaketo i roto i te pūtau ate, me te whakatairanga i ta ratou ora.

Hoki te tiaki therapy te whakamahi i gepatoprotektory me immunomodulators, hei tauira, he tarukino "Zadaxin" (werohia).

I roto i te nuinga o te wā whakaritea te maimoatanga o te kakā B huaketo he tau kai 5. Ko reira te makanga o tetahi kai hinuhinu, raukikini, tote, me te kēne. hua Semi-oti, me hōtiti, rawa, kei te pai waho i te kai.

Ki te kakā e B he akoranga nui, a reira ko te mōrearea nui o te whakawhanake cirrhosis ate ranei mate pukupuku, kia whakaritea e te reira ki te transplant te okana.

ārai

He reira taea ki te hopoia tiaki te tinana i tukumate pērā i kakā B huaketo? He aha te mea te reira, i kitea e matou i roto i. Ko te wā ki te kōrero e pā ana ki te ārai. Kei te wehea te reira ki motuhake, me te kore-motuhake. rite ana te tuatahi e werohanga. Mai i E tiakina ora iwi anake ārai mate i te kakā B me te ārai kore-motuhake te mate tā te raupapa o ao mehua tahumaero e ārai i te tuku o te kakā B huaketo. Hei tauira, whakamātautau whakahauanga o kaituku toto, me ona taka mo tohu HBV, mahi o te hōtaka anti-tarukino whānui, i roto i te mutunga akuaku whaiaro banal. Ka tenei e kōrero i raro nei. Na, mōhio tatou anake e te ārai o Hepatitis B ko o faufaa roa i roto i tohe nei i te horapa o te mate.

ārai motuhake o te kakā B

Vaccination ki kakā B he whakahauanga:

• tamariki katoa pakeke 0-1-6 marama (werohanga ngā);
• melo o te utuafare katoa o te tūroro ki te kakā B;
• rata;
• ngā ākonga rata;
• tangata mahi ki ngā hua toto;
• nahanaha takoha tūroro ki te haere tātari toto;
• tūroro te whiwhi hua toto.

Ka taea e te werohanga peheé hanga i tetahi pakeke. I mua, kaore i uru ai ki roto ki te maha o whakahauanga. I roto i te tikanga ki te kia kano, kia nui te tono ki te whare hauora o tona rohe. tamariki me ngā pakeke katoa ki runga ki te 55 tau o te tau e taea te riro te werohanga mō te kore utu. Ka taea te kano iwi Tawhito i to ratou ake utu.

He wātea te tukanga ki tetahi ra o to koutou whiriwhiri. I muri i te werohanga tuatahi e hiahia ana ki te mahi i rua atu. Kotahi - he marama, tuarua - e ono nga marama i muri mai. Vaccination Ko te ara tino pono ki te tiaki ki kakā B huaketo.

ārai Non-motuhake o te kakā B

Hoki te ārai nonspecific o HBV ngā akuaku whaiaro tino:

• whakamahi anake tona paraihe, taputapu titi, heu, heru, etc .;
• ara taonga whaiaro (te huinga manicure taua) kia wā wharahanga;
• whakamahi disinfectants whai hua;
• i wero taringa, mahi i te tattoo me hohonu ruma anake whakamatautau ki te ingoa pai;
• sex haumaru, ahakoa 100% kī reira e kore (huware, werawera me fluids katoa ko te reo o te raraunga huaketo), na e kore e koutou kawe mau;
• whakamahi pāhorehore tuku anake ka injecting.

Ka aparau i matou ki a koutou te mea te ati ko te huaketo o kakā B. aha te mea - inaianei ko reira mārama. Ka rite ki tetahi atu mate, he māmā ki te ārai atu i ki te tango i te akoranga roa o te maimoatanga. Tautukunga ki te mehua ārai kuware e te āwhina ki te tiaki ki kakā B. Kia hauora!