Hinahina Hopper: biography, whai ki te pūtaiao

Mathematician, hou, kaiputaiao, me te wahine anake e whakahaere ana ki te haere i te rangatira matamua i roto i te aamu o te US Navy - ko te aroha noa tenei Murray Hopper. Ka haurongo poto tukua atu ki to koutou aro i raro. whakahaere ruarua nga wahine ki te apu i te ara mo te Navy, a tae noa atu tika o te maha taua o hōnore me tohu. I roto i Hopper tupu tenei katoa. I roto i te tūranga i mahue ia August 14, 1986 i te tau o 79 tau.

I tua atu ki te whakatutukitanga i roto i te mara hōia, ka rongonui me hanga i roto i te mara o te ahumahi rorohiko Hopper. Kua whakamana ia me tahi-hanga ki UNIVAC-1, te tuatahi i roto i te aamu o te arumoni rorohiko aunoa, tetahi o nga kaihanga o te reo papatono COBOL, he hou i roto i te whanaketanga o te hangarau rorohiko matatau, a kua meinga he mathematician tino.

Tūtaki hinahina Hopper

ko Hopper he rawa te tangata pūkenga. Ka rite ki te ākonga Vassarovskogo kāreti toi (Vassar kāreti), i reira whakaako ia i muri pāngarau, ka hinahina Hopper te bachelor. I muri i te tahi mau wa, i riro kē ia tohu o te ariki i Yale University me wha nga tau i muri mai - Doctor o Philosophy. A i roto i te 1943, kua kiia ia ki te rāhui o te Navy nāianei. He tau i muri mai, kua whakawhiwhia ia te rūtene me karangatia hoki tahi atu i Harvard University, i reira ia muri timata te mahi i runga i te tuatahi mīhini rorohiko hiko "Mark-1".

Kaihanga taupatupatu

Hoki i roto i te tau 1949, whai wāhi ia i roto i te whanaketanga me te hanga o te rorohiko i raro i te ingoa «UNIVAC-1" i roto i te kamupene o Eckert me Mauchly. Ko te tuatahi nei te whakaaro te whakaaro ki te whakarite i tētahi hōtaka o raupapa ngā o ngā tohutohu, ka karanga subroutines, ko hinahina Hopper. Whai wāhi ki te pūtaiao o ona hōrite. I runga o taua i whai wāhi ia i roto i te whanaketanga me te tuatahi i roto i te aamu o te hōtaka taupatupatu. i taea e ki te kitea i roto i te pätaka ngā mahinga, me te hanga ki a ratou he hōtaka rite-hanga i roto i te pūnaha ā-rua, ka e kia matau e te rorohiko ia.

ki te mahi i roto i te kamupene me te i muri i tona hononga ki te "Remington Rand" i roto i te 1951 me te ki te "Sperry Rand Corporation" i roto i te 1955 tonu hinahina Hopper.

Te tau e whai ake nei, i raro i tona ārahitanga, tukua te tari te hōtaka arumoni tuatahi, ki te whakahiato - Rere-Matic.

Etahi wa i muri mai whakatau ia ki te rihaina i te mahi, engari faahaamana'o ano ia i roto i te mahi tau e haere ake. Kerei karanga hoki i roto i te tikanga ki te whakakotahi i te Navy reo rorohiko hōtaka.

i haere ia ki te whakatā pai-tika ana i roto i te 1986, e toe i roto i āpiha kaha i roto i te Navy. mate Grace January 1, 1992 i roto i Arlington, Virginia.

Ko te kaiako i roto i te heramana

Wahine i runga i te kaipuke - ki te raruraru. Ko te kupu tenei whakatauki pai-mohiotia, engari i taea ki te turaki i tenei tikanga te rongonui hinahina Hopper. Ka tahuri atu tera, ka tika āhukahuka o ratou hoa i roto i te Navy, ka tiki i te taitara o te rūtene US Navy.

Tona hiahia ki te manga i runga i te poari i te kaipuke te aroha noa faataa i te whakapapa. mahi tona koroua rite te Rear Admiral o te kaipuke, a ka ki te mahi i roto i te ope hoki ko ia te tahi mea i tangohia hoki homai.

Ko te ngana tuatahi ki te wahi i ki te mahi tahuri ki te kore. No te mea o te thinness korerotia me tau, a ka kua 37 nga tau o te aroha noa, i whakakahore ia. Ko te peu o hoatu ki runga i Hopper kihai i kitea, a te rua o nga wa reira ka mau tonu te kaipuke mā te tuku i te mua-whakangungua i roto i te whakamana kura. oti ana tēnei akoranga te ki "pai", ki te haere hoki nga kura paetahi pai.

I roto i nga taiepa a Harvard

I roto i te pakanga, ko kino te ope i roto i te hiahia o whakatutukitanga hou. Ko te matatini o te tātaitanga pokanoa pūtaiao ki te ite whakaaro. Ko te tukanga tino mamae, me te whakaware e tango te rota o te wā, me te kaha. Na tika i te whakaaro o te hanga rorohiko hiko aunoa, i nga nga tupuna tika o rorohiko o tenei ra.

Harvard University kua meinga te putake o te whanaketanga o ngā kaupapa manakohia kia whiriwhiria. Ko reira konei, i raro i te mātakitaki o Howard Aiken, a tahi me te IBM-whakawhanakehia te rorohiko tuatahi-ake US i raro i te ingoa "Mark 1", i i haumi te rota o te moni. taea ki te mahi i te wa taua tāpiri kapa e toru tango i te tuarua ranei tenei mīhini he. Kei te tika tēnei hua whakaaro tika mo te wa. "Mark-1" ohorere whakakapi e te mahi roa, me te teimaha no te neke atu i te rua tekau ngā pai taea e pā mahi.

Mahi i Harvard i konatunatua hinahina Hopper. takoto ahau i runga i ona pokohiwi he fatongia nui, no te mea o te kounga me te taenga moata o ngā whanaketanga haere tonu okioki i runga i te heke mai o te whenua o. Ehara i te mea he mātanga tika i roto i te whanaketanga o rorohiko, me he hou i roto i te mara o te hangarau mōhiohio.

Life i runga i "tangata"

1946 whakamatauria ki te waiho i te wāhi koki mo Hopper. Nā ki te tau i whakawhiti ia ki te kaiārahi i roto i te Rahui Navy me tata tutaki i te whawhai, kua rapua hoki e te reira hoki na roa. Ko he ru tūturu mō te aroha noa, me te kore te ara pai pāngia te hauora hinengaro. whakamātau Hopper ki te kitea te rongo i roto i te waipiro, no te nei ia ara kua tamau i puritia e pirihimana mō te te haurangi. Otiia, i taea ki te mea poroporoaki ki tenei ma'unimā ki ope hou ki te tango i te mahi ia.

wairua kaha o te wahine ahei ki te wahia ahau tahi, i roto i te noa'tu o te mau huru, ko te tamaa Myurrey Hopper tenei. Invention taketake reira - te whanaketanga e taupatupatu me te hanga o tetahi o nga matamua reo hōtaka COBOL, mai tika i tenei wa. I muri i te katoa, ko reira e nehenehe o te matauranga ka reo hōtaka taumata-maha, nui atu te tangata atu i te waehere mīhini whakawhetai ki a ia rorohiko hou.

Place i roto i te hītori

Tuatahi, e taui te rorohiko i te rorohiko nui ki te tahi mea atu ahei o fakahoko he momo o ngā mahi i te wa ano, kua kua reira he pionie i roto i te ahumahi rorohiko - hinahina Hopper. Whakaahua o te rorohiko tuatahi, i te mea te tātaitai rahi faahiahia, haere huri noa e tukuna nga taitara tuatahi, ka te pāpāho.

Ua ite te aroha noa e kia he rorohiko "kawe i runga i te whakahaere," e kore e te hunga me ngā kore, me ki te awhina o te reo Ingarihi. i taea e ki te paruru i to ratou whakaaro ki te whawhai, i roto i te tikanga truest o te kupu ia. ko ia ki radically te huri i te whakaaro ngā i runga i te āhua o rorohiko, ko reira he kaha e kore ki te katoa. whakaaro whakapeka me mahira, mōhiotanga o te mahi e iku te āwhina Hopper ki riria hoa o te tika.

I muri hekenga i te mahi aroha noa ake atu i te kotahi wāhi i roto i te whanaketanga rorohiko, rite tetahi o nga tohunga tino o te hapori pūtaiao. I te 1959 ka ui ia ki te āwhina i whakakotahi reo papatono Navy COBOL. Ahakoa te taua wāhi nui ki te mara o te hangarau rorohiko, e kore te aroha noa karapotia ratou ki te āwheo o kororia, whakaaro tona angitu te whiore tika.

Hoki rite te kairangahau

I muri i tona rere i te mahi i roto i te tau 1966, i whakaritea te aroha noa i upoko o te rōpū rangahau ki te whakatutuki i te raruraru akiaki i te parae o ngā reo hōtaka. Ahakoa tona tau taitamariki, kei te kore, whakaturia tonu te aroha noa ki te mahi. ko ia ineine ki te noho ra me nga po i reira. Taua ko tenei wahine nui - hinahina Hopper. e kore e taea e haurongo poto o tona whanaketanga i roto i te mara hōia kore ki te faahoruhoru. A ka waiho te maha o whakaaro kahore tetahi tau'a - i ia kahore e rite i roto i te mara o te hangarau rorohiko. I roto i te rōpū ako, tonu ia mātātoa ki te whakakotahi COBOL.

Mahue i te ratonga

rihaina ia i roto i 1986, he i roto i te tūranga o Rear Admiral, rite tona koroua. Ki a ia pinepine rapu kaipuke mahi Kaunihera, me hustlers i te rohe o ngā reo hōtaka. Ko te tau whakamutunga o tona ora ātaahua whakatapua ia ki te tautururaa, ki te hanga i te whakaaturanga i te whare wānanga. Ia ngāwari te whakahaere ki te whiwhi i te whakawhirinaki o te whakarongo taitamariki, me te mau hei te whakapakoko i roto i te mata o te taitamarikitanga. mahi Hopper mo te painga o te hapori i roto i te heke mai, kia tika hoki hou ngingila i roto i tona mara, me te kua riro maha tohu. Ko te taonga tino faufaa kua rite e tona ora, whakaaro aroha noa te mahi i roto i te Navy.

I roto i te mutunga

Kei te tika i huaina te reira i te "whaea" o te hangarau rorohiko. January 1, 1992 mahue riro tenei ao he maha o tohu, me te āhukahuka i te iwi whānui hēramana wahine rongonui - hinahina Hopper. Haurongo ia whakamīharo, faahiahia. Ki te maha tukinotia reira hei kaitohutohu ki te rangatira whakakapi o te Navy, e taea e whakakake o "Amazing Grace", i roto i te kororia o i te ingoa te kaipahua USS Hopper i super-Tāhuhu o Energy me te rorohiko. He tokomaha hoki, he ia he whakapakoko, me te tauira ki tenei ra.