I. S. Turgenev "Tamaí mo e Fohá": tūranga whenua i roto i te pūrākau

Ko te kaupapa matua o mahi tuhituhi o "Tamaí mo e Fohá" - te pakanga akomanga tūturu: te hanahana, me te tamarikitanga orurehau-whakaaro manapori ohaoha. kitea ana tēnei pakanga kei roto i te taitara rawa o te pūrākau. A pera, ki te anaanaraa me te mārama ake te whāki i te tikanga katoa, whakamahi Turgenev āhua, i te mea he ara ora, me te mea he tino nui me te huru whakatakotoria i roto i te mahi o tonu tetahi "Tamaí mo e Fohá." Ko te tūranga o te whenua i roto i te pūrākau, ko te tino pākiki, me te ngā. I roto i te whānui, āhua Russian i riro kē i roto i te tuhinga i tona wahi u. Turgenev, rite te tangata ara maitai, me te mohio he rota e pā ana ki tenei take i roto i te nui taipitopito me he pono whakaahua te pae, no te mea o ratou i hanga e ia te pikaunga tika hinengaro, me te aronganui.

"Tamaí mo e Fohá": tūranga whenua i roto i te pūrākau

tūtaki te whakamārama tuatahi o te āhua i te wā e haere i te pūāhua matua i roto i Marino. E whakaatu ana tēnei Turgenev te mea tupu i roto i te whenua pai. I muri i te katoa, ko te raruraru kore anake i roto i kainga Kirsanovsky, engari katoa i runga i Russia. Ko te tangata titiro emaciated Na kei te aki, kau - emaciated, ratou kaiapo kai. I roto i te waenganui o te whero ra whakatika wairua ma, me te te ri'ari'a toetoe ki mata'i me te hukarere. e pā ana te ora o te kaituhi kaiahuwhenua rawakore te ki te mutunga, me te pe'ape'ao i roto i te hotoke.

Kia kua tuhituhia te kaituhi e tona faahiahia tuhituhi, kua kitea maha faahapa mo te mea i tika ki tona hanganga. "Tamaí mo e Fohá" - te hanganga o te whakaahua i ngā tango wahi i roto i te 1861 - i roto i te wā o te serfdom, i mua noa tona whakakorenga.

tikanga mau pŭpŭ tauturu

Ko te whenua katoa o te pūrākau e kore anake te mea pāpori, engari ano hoki o hinengaro. Na roto i piira ki te āhua anō te ao i roto, me te mārama whakawhiti ki ana whakaaro me mau mana'o. Taua tikanga i taahiraa katoa whakamahi Turgenev i tona mahi, "Tamaí mo e Fohá." Whakaahuatanga o te natura e āhei ki a ia te tā ki te wahine whakatarapi tino me te huru huru tino nui o ratou pūāhua. tuhi ia, hei tauira, e pā ana ki Arcadia, e ia i whakaaro ia, riro te puna tona, katoa a tawhio noa i matomato, tiaho me i tutu te puehu e te hau mahana, ka ringihia larks reo. Mai i ngoikore tenei Arkady ana whakaaro, maka ia tona koti, ka titiro ki tona papa me te kotahi, tona kanohi mau fetia oaoa, a ka awhi ia ia.

Turgenev rerekē nui i roto i te whenua a Tūkorehu, ra ( "te ata pai, me te hou"), te hua fakamamahi, ka whakaatu te unnaturalness o te taua mate wairangi. reira fakamamafa'i ia te horihori o te iwi i te aroaro o te nui me te ataahua o te natura. Ko te whenua i konei riro te tohu o te ora pono. he pono rawa i roto i te urupā i te urupa o Bazarov tenei.

"Tamaí mo e Fohá": te hunga tautohe

Na, pea, he tika taua mea ki te puta ki te whakaahuatanga o te wahi - noa i te kupu torutoru ki te hanga i taua mārama atu e pā ana ki te mea i reira te mea he kupu. I roto i tona mahi "Tamaí mo e Fohá," ko te hapori Russian e haamata ki te hanga i te momo hou o te iwi matatau, tutua Democrats nei tomo hiahia nui ki te huri i te pūnaha ngā i roto i Russia te pūāhua matua.

Tīmata "Tamaí mo e Fohá" (whakarāpopototanga e vahe korero e pā ana ki reira) ki taua i roto i te wahi tuatahi Kirsanov Nikolai Petrovich, e ora i runga i tona whenua Marino, fakatatali mai te hokinga mai o tana tama, e haere te kāinga kore anake.

whakamōhio te rua te pene Arkady ki te papa o tona hoa. Na Yevgeny Bazarov ko rite te tangata noa, e taea te tukinotia, kahore hui me kahore te whakamā.

awheawhe

He aha te mea ngā i roto i te mahi o "Tamaí mo e Fohá", i roto i te Chapter 3 whenua kihai i taea e atu tika whakaahua ana te āhua o te pūāhua. i hari rawa ki te whakatau i te tama a tonu te hi'ohi'oi i tona hoa Bazarova Evgeniya Ilicha (Ākonga-Nihilist, e te ako i te tākuta) E toku papa, a tae noa e wehi, e kore ia i rongo ona whakaaro e pā ana ki te ataahua faahiahia o te natura. I muri i whakaaro Eugene kore ko te āhua o te hahi te ataahua e taea kia whakamoemititia, me te awheawhe i reira i te iwi ki te hapai hoki ratou ake, me te pai tūmatanui. Bazarov i mea o nihilism ko te kaitohutohu o tona odnodumtsa hoa, me te pakeke te whakaaro tuku iho momo o ona matua, me te liberalism teina Kirsanovs - papa, me te matua keke Arcadia.

ko te tino pukuaroha Nikolai Petrovich Turgenev, a ka tuhituhia e ia he gazebo, "tupuria me kakara," ka mea ia e pā ana ki te mâ, mārū me romanticism o tona wairua.

Ko Odintsov kari ki ara, kumikumi kauri whakatokia me hanga he kōtuhi te ongo o artificiality o te ora, he tuhia me te rahi hoki reira.

Bazarov, i roto i te whakahaere ki reira whakataurite iwi ki nga rakau. A mahara ia tona tamarikitanga, me te ngaueue runga i te mata o te poka. Ko tona rua tenei rakau - he whakakake, mokemoke, me te nui atu te riri. I roto i te whānui, ka taea e koe tonu ki te kanohi tahanga kia kite e kua whakamatauria nga toa katoa o te pūrākau ratou hononga ki te āhua. A he reira kahore whakamiharo kia unu ki Bazarov Odintsov, rite tahuri reira i roto i, to ratou he rota i roto i te noa.

Ko te whakapakoko o te ara

I roto i tona mahi "Tamaí mo e Fohá," he whakarāpopototanga o te pene āta homai he pikitia mārama o te ti'ai te puna wawe o te natura e hopoi mai i te tuhipoka koa ki te kōrero me te tumanako mo te whakahou wawe. A kahore he mea pehea oaoa whenua, te faufaa o te puna e haere mai i roto i nga marohirohi i rerekē whakatupuranga whakakitea i roto i ngā huarahi rerekē. Arkady hari noa ra faahiahia, tona papa Nikolai quotes whiti a Pushkin, kei ki te "manatu utu nui" o te mua ana whakaaro katoa. Tenei ahua o te huarahi ka haere i roto i te wahi katoa kōrero.

Landscape ka tuku tonu i te mana'o o te wāhi, pai atu i te wāhi kati. I muri i te katoa kihai i, i roto i marohirohi maumau haere tonu. Kia reira i mua i ona kanohi te whakapakoko o Russia me te whiti nui o Tiutchev "enei kainga rawakore."

āhua

Ko nga mahi o "Tamaí mo e Fohá", he tūranga whenua i roto i te pūrākau, ko te tino nui. Me kï reira e ko te reira i te natura kua hoatu te wāhi whakamutunga i roto i te kōrero. haapoto ia ake te ora o marohirohi katoa. I roto i whakaahua ana te hopearaa te whenua o te urupā kainga, ko reira te tohu whakamutunga rahua e ariā o Bazarov kua, kua rahua ona mau parau tumu, a ka hohoro te tanumia. Ko te tika te āhua ka whakamahara tonu o "mure ore, te rangimarie me te houhanga rongo."

Tino mārama whakatakoto reira Turgenev mahi "Tamaí mo e Fohá." Ko te tūranga o te whenua i roto i te pukapuka he nui, i muri mai he kaituhi ki te awhina o ratou tikanga tino whakakitea te tuakiri o Bazarov, ko wai e puta i roto i to ratou huru mau. Putanga ora Bazarov rawa pouri. hinga ia i roto i te aroha ki te pouaru, he rangatira taonga Odintsov, a ka, te huaketo ki te fiva rahi, ka mate.

Te rangimarie me te faaururaa

I roto i tona mahi "Tamaí mo e Fohá" korukī korero hoki ratou. Bazarov, me te mea e utu āhua mo tona pohehe, engari ka te hero kihai i ongo'i, "haere ia ki te ngahere, me te haere i roto i taua mea ki te akauroa roa, whawhati manga, me te haere mai puta noa te ata tafulu'i ia me ahau ...". Heoi, whakaatu ana Turgenev e ko ia e kore te iwi katoa Aue, no te mea kahore ratou e ngaro i te tikanga o te ataahua.

Odintsov tata tau'a ki te natura, rite Bazarov, haere ia huri noa te kari no te mea noa te mea he mea mua hoki ia. Ko mo Nikolai Petrovich āhua ko reira he puna o te faaururaa. Katerina ko Arkadi - taitamariki, me te māhorahora, he mooni ratou he tamaiti i roto i te aroha ki a ia. Ahakoa ki Arkady me pironga i roto i nga ara huna i te reira, engari ko te kitea rawa te pono.

Fenichka i runga i te whenua papamuri raumati titiro "tika i te tine." Bazarov, ahakoa he whakakahore i te ataahua o te ao, engari ki runga ki te taumata ta'oto ko tetahi ki a ia. I roto i te tikanga ki te matau ia, haere ia mo te haere i roto i te ngahere, kei hea he ia riri, me te riri. Nature taea ia whakawhirinaki, riro te reira i te kaiwhakaatu ta'e'ilo ki tona wheako.

mutunga

I roto i te pūrākau "Tamaí mo e Fohá" taiku te pukapuka o te tamarikitanga o te protagonist Bazarov tukua pai te māramatanga o tona wairua, i roto i tona whakahaere ki tona papa, manatu ia: "ahau rite peia ake konei, hari ki tou ramarama, kiri totoro." Tenei whakaatu ia e he kore ano tona wairua kia ngako rite e hiahia ana ia ki te whakaatu.

Turgenev konei whakaatu te nui o pānga hohonu, me te kaha i runga i te natura taata, he te puna o ona whakaaro, mau mana'o, me te rirotanga.