ICE - he aha te mea te reira? pūkaha ngingiha ā-: te āhuatanga, te ara iahiko

Ko reira kahore faarahiraa ki te mea e kua rite rawa ki te engines ngingiha ā o whakaaro rerekē te whakamahi i ngā ariā rerekē o mahi te nuinga o te whaiaro-tīhokatia pūrere tenei ra. Heoi, ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki waka huarahi. I roto i tēnei tuhinga ka aparau i tatou i roto i te taipitopito atu te pūkaha ngingiha ā-. He aha te mea rite te mahi tenei kōwae, he aha te mea i ona pai me ngā raruraru, ka ako koe i te tai'oraa i te reira.

Ko te parau tumu o te mahi o te pūkaha ngingiha ā-

Ko te parau tumu matua o te pūkaha ngingiha ā-i runga i te meka i ngingihatia te wahie (totoka, wai hau ranei) i roto i te rōrahi mahi i whakatapua i roto i te mīhini, mā te tahuri waiariki pūngao ki pūngao pūkaha. Ko te ranunga mahi e rerengia ana ki te ipurau o te pūkaha taua i raro te ki kōpeketanga. I muri i tona pātīmata i tikanga o whakaaro motuhake whakatika haurehu overpressure akina te kōkeke ki hoki ki tona tūranga taketake. hanga tenei te huringa fatongia tamau, te faafariuraa e te tikanga o tikanga motuhake o te pūngao neke ki taipana.

Ki te rā, ka taea e pūrere ICE i toru ngā momo matua:

• engine rua-patunga, pinepine tuku ki rite te marama;
• wha kōwae mana, tuku ki te whakatutuki taumata teitei o te mahi me te kakama uara;
• Gas mīhini huri hiko tāutanga, ka pai ake ngā āhuatanga mana.

I tua atu, i reira e te tahi atu whakarerekētanga o nga kaupapa taketake e whakapai ake ngā āhuatanga ngā o tenei momo o te mana te tipu.

Ko te painga o te pūkaha ngingiha ā-

Rerekē wae mana, he hua nui whakarato mō kāmera waho tio. Ko te hunga matua ko:

• nui atu kiato i roto i te rahi;
• uara mana teitei;
• hua tino pai.

Me kï hoki, kōrero ki te pūkaha parariraa ā-, he mea he whakaaro, i roto i te nuinga o te wā ka taea te whakamahi o kora rerekē. kia penehīni, diesel, hau tūturu ranei tenei hau hinu liquefied, naphtha me tae noa rakau tikanga. Tenei i kawea mai te ma'á o tenei ariā o pūkaha tika rongonui me te ubiquity pono ārahitanga ao.

He hītori poto

Kei te whakaaro te reira i te mea faufaa te pūkaha ngingiha ā-tona hītori mai i te wä Wīwī de Rivas i te tau 1807 wae godu kōkeke whakamahia rite te kora hauwai i roto i te āhua whakahiato haurehu waihā. Ahakoa mai kua pehia te pūrere pūkaha ngingiha ā-huringa nui me whakarerekētanga, ko tonu te whakaaro taketake o tenei tenenga i te whakamahi i tenei ra.

Ko te tuatahi e whā-patunga engine parariraa ā, i tukua i roto i te 1876 i roto i Germany. I roto i te waenganui 80-doma o te rau tau XIX i roto i Russia i whakawhanakehia Carburetor e whakaaetia te horoa i penehīni ki te ipurau pūkaha. A i te mutunga rawa o te rau tau whakamutunga, te mataaro pūkaha rongonui German Rudolf Diesel te whakaaro te whakaaro o te pātīmata o ranunga combustible i raro i te pēhanga, e tino whakapiki i ngā āhuatanga mana o te pūkaha ngingiha ā-me te tōtika mahi o te wae o tenei momo e kua mahue nui ki te e minaminatia. Mai reira, puta te tikanga te whanaketanga o engines parariraa ā-i roto i te haereraa i mua, whakahoutanga me te whakataki o te momo o ngā whakapaitanga.

Nga momo matua me ngā momo o engines ngingiha ā-

Otiia, hītori-tau 100 neke atu i o tenei momo o ngā waeine whakaaetia te whanaketanga o te maha ngā momo taketake o ngā tipu te mana ki te wahie parariraa. e kore ratou rerekē anake i te hanganga o te ranunga mahi whakamahia, engari ngā āhuatanga hoahoa.

engines kōhinu

Ka rite ki te ingoa kōrero, kei te whakamahia te māpele o tenei rōpū rite ngā momo o te penehīni wahie. I roto i te tahuri, ka taea te wehewehea enei tipu te mana ki ngā rōpū nui e rua:

• Hāhira. I roto i taua pūrere, te ranunga wahie i mua i tomo te reira i te ipurau taonga te papatipu rangi i roto i te pūrere motuhake (hāhira). I muri e tupu e mura e te korakora hiko. I roto i te māngai tino nui o tenei momo e taea te huaina i te tauira o Vaz, te pūkaha ngingiha ā-ko e mo te wa roa anake momo Carburetor.
• Werohia. Ko te pūnaha matatini ake i roto i i whakamana wahie i werohia ki te ipurau e te maha motuhake, me te injectors tenei. Ka taea e puta te reira e rua mihini me te tikanga o te pūrere hiko motuhake. Ko te tino hua pūnaha āta whakaaro hāngai tika werohia "Common Rail". Tāutahia i runga tata katoa waka hou.

whakaaro engines werohanga penehīni te ki kia atu economical, me te whakarato i te tōtika teitei. Heoi, kei runga noa atu te utu o taua wae, me te tiaki, me te mahi - tino atu uaua.

engines diesel

I te ata o nga wae o tenei momo ko reira maha taea ki te rongo i te kata e pā ana ki te pūkaha parariraa ā-, i te mea he whakaaro e kai penehīni, rite te hoiho, a ka te neke nui pōturi. Ki te tenenga o te pūkaha diesel, tenei kata wāhanga ngaro tona hāngaitanga. Te nuinga no te mea taea ki te rere i runga i wahie diesel ko he kounga nui raro. Na, i te nui iti atu te penehīni.

Ko te rerekētanga taketake matua o te pūkaha ngingiha ā-diesel ko te ngaro o te pātīmata takoha o te ranunga wahie. Kei te patia diesel wahie ki ipurau o nozzles motuhake, me te e mura nga pata takitahi o te wahie e tika ana ki te kaha pēhanga o te kōkeke. Āpiti atu ki te painga o te pūkaha diesel me kua he maha o huakore. I roto ia ratou Ko te whai ake:

• nui iti te mana whakaritea ki powerplants penehīni;
• nui ngā āhuatanga me mea pauna āhuatanga;
• fifi ki te whakarewatanga o te huarere me te āhuarangi tikanga tino;
• kore o tiketike-taipana me te hehema ki te parekura mana faufaa, rawa i kīia e ngā nui.

I tua atu, te hanga ai o te ā-ngingiha pūkaha o te diesel momo, ahu ki te kia nui ake uaua me utu atu i te whakatikatikanga ranei whakaora o te hinu whakahaere o te waeine.

engines hau

Ahakoa te utu iti o te hau māori whakamahia rite wahie, ko te ā-taputapu pūkaha parariraa, ka pupü mai hau tuwhena uaua, e arata'i ki te hua nui i roto i te utu o te kōwae rite te katoa, tona tāutanga me te mahi i roto i ngā. I roto i ngā tipu te mana o tenei momo, liquefied hau tūturu ranei tomo te rango i roto i te pūnaha motuhake o nihowhiti, kohikohi me nozzles. Pātīmata o te ranunga wahie e wahi i roto i te tikanga ano rite i roto i tāuta Carburetor penehīni - ki te mura hiko ahu i te plug korakora.

momo Te huinga o engines ngingiha ā-

e mohio ana torutoru iwi e pā ana ki te huinga o ngā pūnaha tio. He aha te mea te reira me te wahi whakamahia te? Ko reira, o te akoranga, e kore e pā ana ki te waka ka taea nāianei e taea rere i runga i te wahie e rua, me te i te pūkaha hiko. Combined ngingiha engines e karangatia māpele, i te whakakotahi ngā huānga o rerekē te mau parau tumu wahie pūnaha. Ko te māngai tino nui o te whānau pūkaha e gazodizelnogo tāutanga. ranunga wahie ratou tukua ki te wae pūkaha ngingiha ā-nui i roto i te tikanga ano rite i roto i te wae hau. Ko kahore whakakā i hua te wahie e te whakamahi i rere hiko i te mura me te wahi mura o diesel wahie, pera i roto i te pūkaha diesel tikanga.

Maintenance me te hanga o engines ngingiha ā-

Ahakoa te pai whānui o akatuke'anga momo, katoa engines ngingiha ā i te hanganga taketake rite, me te ara iahiko. Heoi, i roto i te tikanga ki te qualitatively kawe i tiaki, me te hanga o te pūkaha parariraa ā-, he mea e tika ana ki te mohio te pūrere ata, mahino te mau parau tumu o te mahi, me te kia taea ki te tautuhi i te raruraru. Ki te mahi i tenei, o te akoranga, e tika ana ki te ako āta te hoahoa o engines ngingiha ā-o ngā momo, ki te whakamārama i te taumahi ano o wāhanga ngā, hahi, pūrere me ngā pūnaha. Ko te kore e ngāwari, engari rawa whakaongaonga te wāhi! Na tino nui, tika.

Rawa mō te uiui hinengaro e hiahia ana ki te taa takitahi nga mea ngaro katoa, me mea ngaro o tata tetahi waka, whakaaturia he hoahoa schematic hi'oraa maitai o te pūkaha ngingiha ā te i roto i te whakaahua i runga ake.

Na, ka kitea e matou e ko te wae mana tenei.