He aha e OLEDs?

Ki te taenga o te hapori o te ao ki te ariā o te whanaketanga tauwhiro, e whai wāhi te Greening o te ahumahi katoa, me te nui haere te mōhiotanga taiao o nga taonga kiritaki, e whai i te ti'araa "organic", he o nui te pānga, me te tono. Na ko OLEDs kahore okotahi. rongoā hangarau New me hua hou kukume tonu te aro o te "matatau" kaiwhakamahi, ki te pupuri i tere ki te wā. He aha te mea te reira - OLEDs, he aha e te mau parau tumu o ta ratou mahi, me opuaraa? Ko te kaupapa o tēnei tuhinga tenei.

he moka rawa o hītori

āhuatanga Electroluminescent o rauemi organic kitea i roto i te tau 1950 i te ahupūngao French Andre Bernanoz. Otiia anake i roto i te 1987 riro te kitea he otinga hangarau i roto i te OLED-pūrere tuatahi hangaia e "Kodak". A i roto i te 2000, noa toru Utaina - A. MacDiarmid ko H. Shirakawa ko A. Heeger - whakawhiwhia i te Nobel mo ona āhuatanga i roto i te mara o te waro waerau tonkoprovodyaschih. Anake i roto i te 2008, ka haere i runga i te hoko i te kamupene OSRAM OLED-rama tuatahi, i hanga 25 anake kape i te utu o te 25 mano euros. I teie mahana, whakahere enei rama he maha o kamupene i te utu o 500 euros, me i reira e rave rahi ngā wāhi i roto i te OLED-hangarau: PHOLED, TOLED, FOLED me etahi e he mahinongofua anake ki tohunga.

Hea organic?

Oddly nui, engari te whakamahi o te kupu "organic" i roto i tenei horopaki e kore e pā ana ki te hua o te kararehe takenga huawhenua ranei. OLEDs OLED (i te English Organic Light emitting ngōhiko) ranei, - he Semiconductor hanga o te rauemi waro e mahia radiation ka haere therethrough te nāianei hiko. E whakamahia i roto i o ratou hua hanga o te matū waro (pūhui waro), e taea ai e huaina ki a ratou LED organic.

Te pūrere me te hanganga

Kei o wha nga wahi te pūrere: he turanga, he pitoake, he pitoiho, me te paparanga conductive anaana. Ko te turanga tïpako ranei kia karaihe, kirihou konganuku ranei mau api. Ko te pitoake Ko te waikura indium doped ki tine. paparanga conductive me nga papa emitting he waerau, iti taimaha rāpoi ngā pūhui matū waro. Kei te hanga te pitoiho i konumohe, te konupūmā, te tahi atu whakarewa ranei.

E kore te hangarau mahi hoki i physicists

whakaritea te p marama-emitting Organic i runga i te parau tumu o te hanawiti. He maha ngā paparanga angiangi o Semiconductors waro ropu i electrodes raznozaryazhennymi (pai me te tōraro). A kua whakarite ai i runga i te pūtake o te rauemi mārama - karaihe kirihou ranei (hei tauira, polyimide hangore). A, no te rere o nāianei i roto i nga electrodes, i whai ahua ai whakatupato ratou matūriki (irahiko me quasiparticles). I te toharite, te paparanga organic e hāngai nga matūriki, me te hanga i excitation pūngao tiketike, e ai paheke marama o ngā tae o te paparanga waro. AMOLED kupu ko reira kōrekoreko ranei fosforetsentnye papa organic.

Types kopu te p marama emitting organic

OLED-whakaaturanga i runga i te momo o te kopu e wehea ki itoito-kopu, me te hāngū-kopu. E whakahaeretia e te transistors mara-pānga, e kua kei raro i te konumohe pitoake Active-kopu pūrere angiangi-kiriata. hangaia te whakapakoko hāngū-kopu te i te wāhi pūtahitanga perpendicularly whakaritea pitoake me te pitoiho takai, i kawea te mana i roto i ki te ara iahiko waho. Mai i tenei tirohanga, i reira e toru kaupapa tae OLED-whakaaturanga:

• Ki te emitters tae motuhake - toru kopu organic emit toru tae taketake (puru, matomato, me te whero) i nei i hanga i te whakapakoko te.
• Ki te toru emitters ma me ngā tātari tae motuhake.
• tahuri emitters Blue ngaru i wavelengths o whero, me te matomato.

tono hou

I roto i to tatou wa, OLED-hangarau e whakamahia te nuinga i roto i ngā whanaketanga uzkospetsializovannyh. Holography me moemoea i te po pūrere, organic whakaaturanga waerehe me kāmera mamati, waea mata me rama, pouaka whakaata, me te aroturuki i - ko te mooni o OLED-hangarau tenei katoa.

Ko te ora ratonga o te OLED-pūrere

pūrere hou katoa, mā te whakamahi i tenei hangarau, maoro, haki kitea wherikotanga tae. Ahakoa i te kuwaha i kitea ai OLEDs tukunga fragility. Ko te whakaaro ngā katia mahi Rauemi o te pūrere tenei ra, ka whakaitia te wherikotanga mata ki te 50%. Kei te mutu te mahi mo te taupū homai o e pā ana ki 70%. Ko koporeihana haumi i roto i te whanaketanga o enei hangarau he hua whai purapura - maha kei te huri te kiritaki te pūrere tawhito noa i mua i te mea e tika ana ki tata te mutunga o te ora.

pai pai

Te röpü nui rawa ki te organic te p marama-emitting hoki tenei ra - ko te hua o te kaupapa tahi o corporations OSRAM, Philips, Novaled, Fraunhoter IPMS. rahi Paewhiri - 33 ki te 33 cm, te wahi kaha o te rohe - 828 sq. cm, me te ōwehenga piata - 76%. A, no te wherikotanga 1 mano o candelas ia mita tapawha o te rere marama o matūriki o 25 lumens ia Watt. Hokona tenei ra, kua he rahi o 15 i te 15 henimita me te rere luminous o 60 lumens ia Watt, i te mea rite ki te rama antibody rōpū te kamupene nui Lumiotec. He Panasonic Corporation i roto i 2020 mahere ki te whakarewa i ki te whakaatu mākete OLED ki te rere luminous o 128 lumens ia Watt. Mai whakataetae reira kaporeihana American Doe, e fafau paewhiri ki auau rere ki runga, ki te 170 lumens ia Watt.

Tuhinga mō te OLED-awhi

Te nuinga o ngā tauira ngā he Momo tenei ra. Ko ratou utu, he hanga i roto i te iti wā, e kore e whakapiko, a heoi he kore feunga whai hua. Ka arotahi corporations nui ki runga i te whakaiti i te utu o te kaupapa, te whakanui ake i te rahi, me te whakapai ake i hua. Tohunga matapae te putanga o te papatipu o te hua ki te utu utu i runga i te mākete ao i 2020.

OLED-rama

OLEDs i roto i rama ano i runga i te mākete i roto i tona tamarikitanga. kore kua production Mass o tenei hua ano whakarewahia tetahi kaporeihana. Ko te utu o taua rama tonu āhua nui mo te kiritaki toharite, me he rawakore te wherikotanga me te ora pūhiko. Rerekē haere o 75 piriona US tāra i runga i te mākete ao, i te mea te rahi o te OLED-rama - he nui, kaua iti. e kore e tangata māori, me ētahi atu corporations e rave i roto i te hoahoa o te taonga me te whare, me te te kaporeihana ahumahi automotive kiritaki o enei hua.

Huapai me ngā huakore

I roto i te OLEDs, i reira he huapai me ngā huakore. I roto i te mâro-tuatahi ratou kohi mana iti me te tohatoha ōrite o te marama puta noa i te rōpū, pai tiketike, fakakaume'a taiao, me te marama ngohengohe. Ko te painga matua - ko reira he faingamālie ki te hoatu ki a ratou te ngäwari me te tinihanga. Ko te ngoikoretanga Ko te p ratonga fragility, raruraru utu, me te hangarau (oxidized wae organic te i runga i te whakapā ki te wai, e titau taatiraa atu). Ko tonu corporations ki te haumi i roto i te whanaketanga o enei hangarau, te kitenga i roto i a ratou i te heke mai o te hikohiko.

He taiao-hoa reira

E kore e te OLED-rauemi i roto i konganuku taimaha, me ngā āhuatanga paitini pērā i konuoi. E ngāwari tukatuka ratou, a kahore e rapu utu i te utu motuhake, me te kaha tukatuka atu mō te tikanga. he kore-paitini Iridium OLED pūtūtae rama, a he tino iti tona nui. Transportation kikokore me te marama OLED-awhi titau iti rauemi, whakaiti utu, a ka whakaiti te kawenga i runga i te taiao. Hei tauira, he TV aroturuki OLED-hauroki o 55 inihi he matotoru 4 mm o, a ka pauna i pā ana ki 5.4 kirokaramu.

riro Fantasy mooni

Ahakoa te ore te o te tahi mau tohunga, e whakapono ana te nuinga e ka OLED-hangarau he pakaruhanga nui i roto i te rautau 21. kaupapa Fantastic hei mooni, ara:

• Ko reira ka waihanga enei hangarau kore halá, a tino tūturu pikitia e toru-ahu.
• Tūrama nga wahi katoa whakakapi OLED-rama.
• Puta awhi solar mārama.
• Ka taea e ngā kaupane Gadget hangore pai i roto i to koutou pute.
• Mīharo ka whai aroturuki ono tekau ki te kounga tae tiketike, me te koki mātakitaki whānui whakautu inamata, te rahi iti me ngā āhuatanga.
• Ko te whakamahi o te hangarau i roto i te ahumahi korero i roto i te whānui he mīharo.
• Ko puta kē nga kakahu luminous i roto i nga kohikohinga kaihoahoa.

Otiia e kore e mutu i reira - te tumu o ngā pūkenga me ngā. Kua roa kua pūtaiao Modern i te wāhi bifurcation ina taea te tahuri tetahi kitea te whanaketanga o te ao i roto i te aronga tino ohorere. hira tauira o taua āhuatanga: tenei putorino tini mārua, me te Krasnikova me ara whakatuwheratanga o te pūhui waro i roto i te wāhi hohonu. I teie mahana te Vanguard o gadgets hiko - OLEDs, me apopo - ko wai e matau ana?