Ika whenua - he aha te mea tenei? āhuatanga noa, me te ahua o te kararehe

Amphibians - he uri hāngai Crossopterygii. puta ratou 380 miriona tau ki muri, a muri whanau ki te piha o ngā ngārara. Pehea he amphibians? He aha te mea rerekē i ētahi atu kararehe, me te aha te huru o te ora e arahi ratou?

Ika whenua - he aha te mea te reira?

E ai ki te putanga whānui, he ika crossopterygian nga tangata tuatahi o roto i i ahei ki te haere i runga i te whenua. Aravihi i te wāhi hou, me te ki te urutau ki tikanga rerekē, āta timata ratou ki te huri, hoatu ara ki taata hou - amphibians.

"Ika whenua" - he kupu Kariki iritihia e te rite "e rua momo o te ora." I roto i te koiora, e pā ana te reira ki te kararehe e noho ana i runga i te whenua, me te i roto i te wai. I roto i te kupu Russian atu mahino, mai amphibians - te reira wai.

I mua, uhinga te ariā hoki nga hiri me otters, engari i muri ka haere ki te ngā vertebrates wha-waewae anake e kore e e no ki te amniotes. hipokina Modern piha amphibians anake salamanders, caecilians, newts me poroka. Mea rawa i reira e 5 ki te 6.7 mano momo.

Whakaahuatanga Poto o te piha haapiiraa

Amphibians - he vertebrates e i roto i te rangatiratanga kararehe e takawaenga i waenganui i te ika me te mea ngokingoki. He maha ngā mema o te wā kē o te ora i roto i te wai, me te ki runga whenua. Reproduction me te whanaketanga tuatahi o te nuinga e wahi i roto i te wai, a ka tupu ake, e ratou te ora whenua. ora ētahi momo anake i roto i te wai.

e kore te nuinga o amphibians aro ki te matao, hiahia mahana, wahi takawai, engari ka taea e ora i roto i te wāhi maroke. I raro i ngā āhuatanga kino, kia moehōtoke huri te wa o te mahi, hei tauira, i te po ki te ra ranei. Heoi, kua noho etahi momo i roto i te tawhiti ki te raki, mo te tauira, salamander Siberian.

noho amphibians tata Faarii wai māori, me ētahi wā takoto ratou torongū, ara i roto i puddles hohonu. E kitea te torutoru anake momo i roto i te vairaa pape. Kei te nuinga o te wā whanaketanga aru e wha wāhanga: hua manu (caviar), torongū, kāhuarau me te pakeke. I roto i te salamanders tīariari me whanau ora.

ngā mema katoa o te piha haapiiraa pākia e ngoikore, kia kore e taea e ratou te utu ki te ako kai kaihuawhenua. Amphibians he konihi, me te whangai i runga i pepeke, hātaretare iti, a ētahi wā o ratou teina. kai manu nui taitamariki ika, pi me kiore. Anake te kai torongū i runga i te tipu kapa tailless.

Me pēhea e titiro ratou?

Ko te tino rerekē te hanganga waho o amphibians. Group caudate, e ngā newts me salamanders, i roto i te ahua rite mokomoko. tupu ratou ki runga ki te 20 henimita. he elongated ratou tinana, me te mutu ki te hiku roa. Neck, hoki me waewae mua e poto.

Poroka he amphibians tailless. E ratou he tinana paku papatahi whanui, me te kaki poto. E wātea ana anake i runga i tātari atamira i te hiku. Ratou peke elongated me piko, kua tika, i te wa o te pekepeke, me te kauhoe (ara taketake o te displacement). E hono e te tukutuku o te kiri maihao poroka me salamanders.

Caecilians - tenei wae amphibious "legless". Waho, titiro ratou rite kutukutu nakahi ranei. Ratou rahi ngā i tekau henimita ki te mita. Caecilians kahore wahi, a ka poroa te hiku kei te. hipoki ratou tinana e ki unahi me kotakota tae i roto i te reo parauri pango pouri ranei, i ētahi wā ki te kotingotingo whiu ranei.

hanganga āhuatanga

Ko te kiri o vertebrates, multilayer, engari kikokore nui. Kei reira repe e te huna hoki hūpē e hipokina te tinana katoa. Na roto i tetahi wahi i te reira kawea manawa. I te mata, te kupukupu amphibians hanga ngāwari reira, me nga momo e noho ana te nuinga i roto i te wai, i pihapiha.

kitea e toru-chambered ngakau o amphibians, e rua kāmera e anake i roto i salamanders. E rua tohanga: iti, me te nui. e kore te mea tamau pāmahana tinana, me te tei runga i te taiao o waho.

he nui ake i roto i ika me awhe i 0.30% (v tailed) ki 0,73% (tailless) o taimaha tinana Brain ika whenua. taea ki te wehewehe i waenganui i tae ratou kite he. Kanohi uhi mārama raro me kamo runga kiriuka. wehewehe ratou te kino reka me taea te whakaritea tote, me te kawa anake.

Ko te kiri ko te tinana matua Kei te plurality o te pa, me te karere hopearaa. I roto i te tātari me te momo moana o ika ora taua raina lateral, e te kawenga mō te takotoranga i roto i te wāhi.

Kei te maha o te hūpē tailless i runga i te kiri paihana. I roto i te nuinga o te wā, e kore he reira kino ki te tangata, me te te whakamahia mō te disinfection o papa. Heoi, kia kino te ware ngau o te tahi mau momo pārūrū. Ko te kupu, ko te poraka iti kōwhai (kite whakaahua i runga), he listoglaz e wehingia ana ko tetahi o nga mea tino e werewere ana i roto i te ao.