Kaha tāwariwari

I roto i te natura, tuati ka taunekeneke tonu ki ia atu. Ia wahi, kua tonu kitea ia wāhanga, me te huānga ki te whānuitanga katoa o ope.

Ahakoa te meka e te maha o ope i roto i te natura , ko makona nui, e taea te wehea katoa o ratou ki wha momo:

1. Ko te āhua o te ope tō.

2. te āhua o te ope hiko.

3. Puai o te momo kaha.

4. Puai o te momo ngoikore.

ope tō He mārama kitea anake i roto i te tauine o te hanganga. ope āhua hiko - te ope e puta i roto i te pāhekoheko o te matūriki he tetahi utu hiko.

kaha tāwariwari - ko tetahi o te ope tino nui i roto i te natura tenei. A, no te te i raro i tetahi tinana ki te tukanga deformation, te roto o reira i reira ko te kaha ngā, i te mea e rite ana ki te kaha o te deformation, engari ki te tohu ritenga. whakahaua te ope manahau ki te deformation o te tinana. Ko tōna momo Ko te kaha kurut, te papa tauhohe kaha.

I roto i te ahupūngao, i reira te mea he mea pēnei i deformation rapa. deformation tāwariwari - te deformation ko te āhuatanga i roto i nei riro te reira i muri i mutu ope waho ki te mahi. I muri i taua tinana deformation e tona āhua taketake. Ko te kupu, ko te kaha rapa taua whakamāramatanga ta e puta te reira i roto i te tinana i muri i te deformation rapa ko te kaha pea. mana Potential, ranei he kaha momo - ko reira he ope e kua tona mahi e kore e taea e ti'aturi i runga i tona poroāwhio, engari anake i runga i te tīmatanga, me te whakamutu mata o te tono kaha. Mahi kaha momo momo ranei haere te ara kati ko te kore.

Ka taea e tatou te mea e te kaha rapa o te āhua hiko. Ka taea te whakatau tata i tēnei ope rite faaiteraa macroscopic o taunekeneke i waenganui i nga rāpoi ngota o te taonga tinana ranei. I roto i tetahi take i roto i nei i reira te rānei tinana shock kurut ranei, faaite te reira i te kaha rapa. Kei te whakahaua te reira ki te ope whakaputa deformation i roto i te huarahi i te ritenga ki te displacement o nga matūriki o te tinana, me te hāngai ki te deformation mata tinana pangia. Ano hoki, whakahaua tenei vector kaha i roto i te huarahi i te ritenga ki deformation o te tinana (displacement o ona rāpoi ngota).

Ko te uara tātaitanga o te ope tāwariwari hanga e deformation i te tinana, puta i te ture o Hooke. E ai ki a ia, he rite ki te hua o te pakeke o te tinana te kaha puna ki te huri i te tau whakarea o deformation o te tinana. E ai ki te ture a Hooke puta ina he tika hautanga ki te elongation o te tinana, he tetahi deformation o te tinana taonga ranei rapa kaha, a kua whakahaua te reira i roto i te huarahi i te ritenga te aronga i roto i nei te matūriki e oho whanaunga ki te toenga o te tinana i te wa o te deformation matūriki.

rigidity taupū etahi tinana whakarea hautanga ranei tei runga i te rauemi e whakamahia ana ki te hanga i te tinana. Hoki te pakeke tei runga i te hanganga āhuahanga me te āhua o te tinana. Ki te whakaute ki te kaha rapa hei reira ko te mea pēnei i te ahotea aunoa. Taua te ahotea Ko te ōwehenga o te kaha kōwae elasticity ia wāhi wae i te wāhi i homai te wāhanga i raro i whakaarohia. Ki te feohi koe ki te ture o tenei momo o te ahotea o Hooke, ka tangi te reira fakalea paku rerekē. Ngaohiko momo mīhini e puta i roto i te tinana i roto i tona deformation, he hautanga tonu ki elongation o te tinana. Me whanau te reira i roto i te ngakau e te anake iti te pānga o te ture a Hooke e deformations iti. E rohe ki te matatu i raro i mahi i te ture. Ki te ka nui ratou, tatau te kaha tāwariwari te i runga i tātai matatini, ahakoa o te ture a Hooke.