Kāri Sim Waea: te pūrere

kāri Sim - he pūrere i te mea he kōwae tuakiri kaitango. Kei te hangaia tēnei ara iahiko integrated mō ruma haumaru rokiroki tāututanga kaitango pūkoro ao (IMSI) me te kī e hāngai ana whakamahia e te mo te tāututanga me te motuhēhēnga o kaiohauru i roto i nga whakaaro waea pūkoro (hei tauira, waea pūkoro me rorohiko). Ka taea hoki e rokiroki e koe te whakapā atu ngā mōhiohio i roto i te maha Sim-kāri.

kāri Sim e whakamahia tonu i runga i GSM waea mō ngā pūrere CDMA he tika anake mo nga whakaaro LTE-hototahi hou. taea hoki te whakamahi ratou i roto i waea amiorangi.

Sim-kāri he wahi o te mahi o te taiawhio integrated ao (UICC), e te nuinga o te wā hanga o pvc ki hoapā integrated me Semiconductors. Sim-kāri, he pūrere e hāngai ana e te i runga i te hangarau mamati, taea tuku raraunga i waenganui i rerekē whakaaro pūkoro.

Sim-kāri ngā:

• he tau rangatū ahurei (ICCID);
• pūtāutu pūkoro ao (IMSI);
• motuhēhēnga me te whakamunatanga;
• ngā mōhiohio wā i runga i te whatunga rohe paetata;
• he rārangi o ngā ratonga ki nei he uru te kaiwhakamahi;
• pūrere kāri Sim waea hoki kua rua kupuhipa: Tau Whaiaro Identification (PIN) mo te whakamahi noa, me te waehere unblocking whaiaro (te puk) ki te iriti i te PIN.

History me te wā ki te mākete

I te tīmatanga Kua hōputu Sim kua tautuhia e te Pākehā Telecommunications Standards Institute i whakatakotoranga TS 11.11 te tokomaha e whakaahua ana i te ngā āhuatanga ōkiko me arorau o te kāri Sim. Ki te UMTS whanaketanga o te mahi whakatakotoranga kua wāhanga whakawhiti ki te 3GPP.

Tuatahi i whakawhanakehia te Sim-kāri i roto i te tau 1991 e te kaiwhakanao Munich o kāri atamai Giesecke & Devrient, e hokona nga kape tuatahi 300 o te Finnish kaiwhakahaere whatunga ahokore Radiolinja.

inactivation

I roto i te maha whakaaetanga kirimana "utu-haere" e hiahia ana koe ki te whakamahi i ia wā i te utu tōmua i roto i te tikanga ki te karo i te paunga o ngā mahi pūkete. tei ana tēnei wā i runga i te operator whatunga, engari i te nuinga o whakaritea e te wā o te toru marama. Ko te ētahi wā tenei e tika ana ki te meka i he tautauā i te whatunga Sim-kāri.

rēhitatanga

Te nuinga o whenua me ngā rapu tāutu ki te whakahohe i te mahi, engari i reira e te tahi mau okotahi, pērā i Hong Kong SAR.

Nahea te waea kāri Sim?

Hoki Sim-kāri e toru ngaohiko mahi: 5V, 3V me 1.8V ngaohiko whakahaere o te nuinga "simok", rere noa 1998, ko 5 V. e hototahi ki te tautoko 3 V me 5 V. wā Modern te muri kāri hanga 5 V, 3 V me 1.8 V.

raraunga

I Sim-kāri rongoa mōhiohio whatunga whakamahia ki te whakamotuhēhē ka tāutu i kaiohauru i runga i te whatunga. Ko te nui tino o enei ko te ICCID, IMSI, Authentication Key (Ki), pūtāutu rohe rohe (Lai) me te maha o te karanga whawhati tata kaiwhakahaere.

kāri Sim, e hāngai ana nei ko te pūrere i runga i te kaupapa hoki pupuru ana atu raraunga, i runga i te operator rānei, pēnei i te tau pokapū ratonga o ngā karere poto (SMS ServiceServiceName), te ingoa o te kaiwhakarato ratonga (SPN), tau ratonga ruma (Sdn), ngā tawhā Advanceofcharge me tono uara tāpiri (VAS).

Ka taea te tukua Sim-kāri i roto i ngā rahi raraunga i 8 ki te iti rawa 256 KB. tukua katoa o ratou ki te rokiroki koe i te mōrahi o 250 hoapā, engari ki te reira ko te putanga o te wāhi 32 KB mō te 33 waehere pūkoro whatunga (MNC) ranei "pūwehe whatunga", he ahua o 64 KB ko te take mo te 80 MNC. whakamahia tēnei taupū e ngā whatunga ki rokiroki whatunga meinga, me te nuinga whakamahia, no te kahore te mea te Sim i roto i to koutou whatunga kāinga, me te kirehe. He aha e te taua kāri sim waea pūrere?

Ko te operator, e tukua "kāri sim" taea te whakamahi i te reira ki te hono i tō waea ki te whatunga pai ki te whakamahi i te kawenata arumoni pai mo te kamupene whatunga tuatahi. E kore tenei tikanga e te waea kei roto i te Sim tenei, e taea te hono ki runga ki te 33 ranei 80 whatunga, e te tikanga anake e anake e taea te kaituku Sim-kāri tohu ki tenei nui o whatunga meinga. Ki te te "Sim" Ko waho o te whatunga meinga, ka whakamahi i te reira i te tuatahi te tetahi pai e wātea ana ranei.

ICCID

tāutuhia ia Sim-kāri i te taumata ao i runga i te pūtāutu o te ara iahiko integrated (ICCID). ICCID rongoa i runga i te kāri Sim, me te whaowhao tāngia i runga i te mōkihi i roto i te tukanga whakawhaiaro ranei.

takoto ICCID e te kupu tohutohu o ITU-T tau E.118 rite te Paraimere. hāngai ana tōna tahora kei i runga i te ISO / IEC 7812. E ai ki te maha E.118 taea e ki runga ki te 22 mati, tae atu i te mati Taki tatau te whakamahi i te hātepe Luhn. Heoi, ko te GSM Wähanga 1 tautuhia rite te octets roa ICCID 10 (20 mati) ki te hanganga motuhake o te kaiwhakahaere.

International Mobile Kaiohauru Identification (IMSI)

Kua tāutuhia Sim-kāri i roto i ngā whatunga takitahi i roto i ahurei te tāutu kaitango pūkoro ao (IMSI). Ngā o whatunga pūkoro hono ki te waea pūkoro, ka whakawhiti ratou Sim-kāri i roto i te mākete me ona IMSI. Ratou hōputu muri.

Ko te mati e toru tuatahi tohu te Mobile Country Code (MCC).

Ko te muri e rua ranei e toru mati e te waehere whatunga pūkoro (MNC). waehere MNC E toru-mati whakaaetia E.212, engari kei te nuinga whakamahia i roto i te Hau Amui no Marite, me Canada.

Ko te whika whai tohu te tau tāututanga kaitango pūkoro (MSIN). Ko te tikanga ko reira 10 mati, engari ka waiho iti iho i te i roto i te take o te MNC toru-mati te uara ranei, ki te tohu ture motu e kia te roa tapeke o te IMSI iti iho i te 15 mati. rerekē katoa o enei whika i whenua ki whenua, na reira kia rerekētanga i roto i te ara whakaritea te kāri Sim. Ko te kaupapa ko te paerewa kotahi, me te wheketere, kitea anake te rerekētanga kei roto i te mōhiohio tuhia.

Ko te kī motuhēhēnga (Ki)

Kni - Ko te uara moka-128 whakamahia e te ki te whakamotuhēhē te Sim-kāri i roto i te whatunga pūkoro GSM (USIM whatunga hiahia tonu koe i te Ki, engari titau te reira i te tahi atu tawhā). I roto i ia toa Sim-kāri he Ki ahurei, whakaritea e te kaiwhakahaere i roto i te tukanga whakawhaiaro. Kei te rongoa hoki tenei kōwhiringa i roto i te pātengi raraunga (huaina te pokapū motuhēhēnga, ranei AUC) i roto i te kupenga kaiwhakarato ratonga.

Nahea te kāri Sim ki te marama o te runga ake? Kei te hangaia te reira i roto i te ara pēnei i ki te karo i whiwhi Ki ki te atanga kāri atamai. Engari, whakarato te Sim-kāri te mahi "Tīmata GSM-hātepe", e taea te waea ki te tuku raraunga ki te "kāri sim", e Me hainatia ki Ki. Ko tenei me ki te kore e taea te nekehia atu te whakaaro o te whakamahi o te kāri Sim Ki i te Sim-kāri hiahia operator ki te whakawhānui i tēnei kōwhiringa ranei. I roto i te mahi, i te whakamunatanga Hātepe GSM mō te tātai SRES_2 (kite. Hipanga 4 i raro nei) o te Ki he etahi whakaraeraetanga e taea tukua whakaora o tenei uara ki te "kāri Sim" ka te hanga i te tāriterite Sim-kāri.

Ko te tukanga motuhēhēnga

A, no te tīmata te taputapu pūkoro te, whiwhi reira te ao tuakiri kaitango pūkoro (IMSI) Sim-kāri, me te ka tukua reira ki operator pūkoro tono uru me te motuhēhēnga. Ka taea e taputapu Mobile tuku te PIN-waehere i runga i te kāri Sim i mua ka whakatuwhera reira te mōhiohio.

Identification o te rohe wāhi

kötuitui toa Sim mōhiohio kāwanatanga, riro nei i te tuakiri rohe wāhi (Lai). E wehea ngā whatunga ki ngā wāhi wāhi, ia o nei he tau Lai ahurei. A, no te taui i te pūrere wāhi, pupuru ana te reira i te Lai hou i roto i te Sim-kāri, a ka tukua te reira hoki ki te whatunga o te operator ki te tauwāhi hōu. Ki te mahi te pūrere cyclically, ka tango i te reira i te raraunga i te "Sims" ka rapu mō te Lai mua. I runga i tenei mahi ngā me etahi ngā ki te kāri Sim.

SMS-karere me hoapā

ka taunoa te nuinga Sim-kāri ki te rokiroki i te nui etahi o te SMS-karere me hoapā pukapuka waea. E penapena hoapā i roto i takirua ohie "ingoa me te tau": pūkete kei roto ngā tau waea maha me tau waea atu e kore te nuinga e penapena i runga taua mea. Peheé tikanga whakarato te pūrere kāri Sim. Hoapā taea te ora he iti. Hei tauira, ina tamata te kaiwhakamahi ki te tārua i taua pūkete i roto i te "kāri sim" pūmanawa waea tuwhaina e ratou ki te maha ngā pūkete, whakareretanga tetahi mōhiohio e kore te mea e he tau waea.

Tau o ngā hoapā ora me ngā karere tei runga i te Sim-kāri. Ka rokiroki tauira wawe te katoa o rima karere me 20 hoapā i te tikanga e taea te rokiroki kāri Sim hou neke atu i te 250 ngā tūemi.

kāri Sim: te pūrere me ngā hōputu

Neke atu i te nga tau, kua riro te whanaketanga o Sim-kāri iti, a kahore he to ratou taumahinga ti'aturi i runga i te hōputu. Hoki te-rahi tonu "Simcoe" aru e te paku-Sim, moroiti-Sim me mitanano-Sim. Kei te ara teie mahana hanga ratou ki te pūrere.

-Rahi Full Sim-kāri

-Rahi tonu kāri Sim (ranei 1FF, puka take 1) ko te take puka tuatahi. He te rahi o te kāri nama (85,60 × 53,98 × 0,76 mm). I muri mai, iti "Sims" Kei te maha hokona i roto i-rahi tonu hanga-i roto i te mahere, i nei e taea te panaia ratou.

Mini-Sim

paku-Sim Map (2FF ranei) i te whakaritenga whakapā taua rite te kāri Sim tonu-rahi, a ka e te nuinga o tukua i roto i te pūurutau-rahi tonu piri taua mau melo o te hononga. Tenei kaupapa taea tona whakamahi i roto i te taputapu, me te tono kāri tonu me i te pūrere, tono i te paku-Sim-kāri (i muri i whaturama o honotanga huānga). Mai te-roa tonu "Simca" Kei te kore whakamahia, karanga etahi kaihoko tenei paerewa puka take auau Sim-kāri ranei.

Micro-Sim

Map moroiti-Sim (3FF ranei) kua te taua matotoru me te wāhi o hoapā, engari kua kitea i te reira e te roa iti me te whanui.

I whakaurua hōputu Micro-Sim i te Pākehā Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) mō te tāutanga i roto i ngā pūrere e he iti rawa hoki te paku-Sim-kāri. whakahuatia take Puka i roto i te mahi rōpū 3GPP SMG9 UMTS, e ko te tinana e whakatakoto ana paerewa mo te GSM Sim-kāri, i Hakihea 1998, me muri whakaae e te mutunga o 2003.

Kua Micro-Sim kua hangaia mō te hototahi whakamuri. Ko te raruraru matua ko te wāhi whakapā o te maramara. Te tiaki i te wāhi whakapā taua taea te moroiti-Sim ki te kia hototahi ki te mua, nui kaipānui Sim-kāri mā te whakamahi i kāniwha kirihou. I hangaia hoki te taputapu ki te mahi i te taua tere (5 MHz) rite te putanga o mua. Te rahi taua, me te tūranga o te hoapā arahina ki akoranga maha, a YouTube ataata ki ngā tohutohu āmiki i runga i te āhua o ki te tapahi i te paku-Sim-kāri i roto i te rahi moroiti-Sim. Heoi, taua mahi i te kāinga ētahi wā arahi ki te meka e rite kore he hua o te kāri Sim e ōrite te pūrere noa ranei riro horihori.

Nano-Sim

Map mitanano-Sim (4FF ranei) October 11, 2012, ka timata te kaiwhakarato ratonga pūkoro i roto i whenua rerekē ki te homai i te reira no te waea e tautoko tenei hōputu i te aroaro. He āhuatanga 12.3 × 8.8 × 0,67 mm o Nano-Sim me te heke te hōputu mua ki te wāhi whakapā, i te pupuri i ngā mahi ngā. He awhi iti o te tuuraa i rauemi tonu huri noa i te wāhi whakapā ki te karo i takatakanga poto. Nano-Sim kua he matotoru 0,67 mm whakaritea ki 0,76 mm i roto i ona matua o. Ka taea te whakanohoia kāri 4FF i te whāurutau mō te whakamahi ki ngā pūrere hangaia mō te Sim-kāri 2FF 3FF ranei, a hanga tenei kikokore, engari e kore e maha kamupene waea tūtohu reira.

5 iPhone, tukua i roto i te Mahuru 2012, ko te pūrere tuatahi Whakamahi ai whakahohe e kāri Sim mitanano, i aru e te tahi atu waea.

Te whakatupuranga ka ū mai hou o kāri Sim i huaina ESIM eSIM (embeddedSIM) ranei, i te mea he kongakonga integrated kore-replaceable i roto i te mōkihi SON-8 - soldered tika ki te poari ara iahiko. Ka riro te reira taea ki M2M me uru mamao ki te Sim-kāri.