Ki harore raro he maha ngā momo o enei rauropi

Maha me te kanorau rangatiratanga o te harore. E ai ki ngā tohunga, te maha o ngā momo o kaiao kiia i 100,000 ki te hawhe te miriona. A e kore te e nga āhuatanga katoa o te pūtaiao! Ko reira, rokohanga, kua mohiotia rite mycology, a ko tetahi o huaota, no te mea hoki he wa roa, kua te wa kaipūtaiao harore ki ngā tipu. Otiia kihai i reira rawa te take. Harore whai āhuatanga me ngā āhuatanga e he angamaheni mo nga tipu me ngā kararehe e taea ngā ratou me te hunga me ētahi atu. Ko te aha kua tāutuhia ratou aivanaa me huaota i roto i te rangatiratanga motuhake i roto i te natura.

whakarōpū

E ai ki te tino nui whakarōpū o harore e wehea ki teitei me raro. Hoki harore teitei He ngā rauropi multicellular me etahi (pērā i rewena, he ki faaoti microbiologists tuarua ko rauropi pūtau). Otiia i tenei ra e kore e e tatou korero e pā ana ki a ratou. Class harore o raro (ranei kaua e rave rahi o ratou: hoki te whakarōpūtanga rerekē - i toru ki te ono) ngā akomanga katoa o te harore, haunga nga Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes ko Deuteromycetes. A kua reira maha māngai, rerekē rawa i ia atu i roto i te ahua me te mahi.

Māngai o te harore raro

He aha te mea ratou āhuatanga āhuatanga matua huri noa e taea te ngā ratou i roto i te tahi mau tuhaa? E āhuatanga ratou e te tinana vegetative - mycelium e kua kahore pātaki, he hanganga pūtau-tahi. I te tahi taime e kore noa harore rite e hanga weuweu, me te utu mo reira he Plasmodium: cytoplasm ki karihi maha. E ratou iti iho i te tino aitanga (pērā teitei, a taea whakaputa uri asexually). E ai ki etahi whakarōpūtanga ki te harore raro ngā Chytridiomycota, oomycetes, Zygomycetes. He atu wae.

"Iwi kanga"

Hei raro harore me he whai hua, engari he tokomaha o ratou e kino. Fungi - te take o maha mate, me te tangata, me te kararehe. pā ratou te kiri, makawe, kanohi, me te pūnaha romahā. Ētahi paihana keu kai, me te ara te mate. Mō 200 ngā momo o te harore pānga pukapuka, me te tahi atu hua pepa. Etahi whangai i runga i ngā pātītī, hei he nui ki te ahuwhenua me te hauora o te tangata. Hei raro harore ngā hunga e pā nga whare rakau, me takotoranga rerewe rakau, me te hunga e meinga waikura whakarewa. No miharo huaina te wavelet huaota French enei māngai "iwi kanga". Ia i whakapono noa e te harore raro e mahi ki te whakapōrearea i āta te au maite ngā o te toenga o te natura.

pokepokea ai White (ranei Mucor)

Ka taea e maha puta tenei māngai kanapa o te harore raro i te taro, paraoa, taro me te huawhenua. I reira tatou e kite i te tahi mau taime i roto i te puka o te tohu te repa fluffy, e whakapouri i runga i te wā. mycelium Sheer - Mucor mycelium - kua te hanganga o nga kakawaea, te repa me taekore (konei te ingoa rongonui o te harore raro). Mycelium Ko kotahi pūtau tupuria ki maha karihi i roto i te cytoplasm. Tikanga uri Mucor - spore. Etahi o nga whenu mycelium whakawhānui i runga i nga tohutohu, hanga he upoko pango (ki katoa o tenei tonu anake te pūtau kotahi). I a ratou ka hua pua ena me maringi. I muri i i kawea e ratou i te hau. Whiwhi i roto i te taiao pai, ki ma pua pokepokea ai te hanga i mycelia hou. Te mea faahiahia, pa te Mucor te tangata anake meinga spoilage. Na fakanatula nui ia rawa te wāhi pai: e tauturu te reira ki te hanehane i te toenga o te kaiao mate.

Ētahi atu pests "i te raro"

Hei raro no te harore me etahi atu rauropi kino. pānga Phytophthora rīwai me te tōmato, meinga blackening o nga rau, me ngā kōpura. kōpura ake Sinhitrium potato mate pukupuku. kāpeti Olpidy, ka karanga e te iwi "blackleg", meinga blackening me te mate o nga pakiaka tipu. He harore pathogenic, kawemai i Amerika, pakaru plazmopara vitikola nga mara waina o Europe.