Ko te ariā o ngā pūkenga me o ratou momo, me ngā taumata o te mātau. Ngā roto i te tukanga ako. Ngā roto i te mātauranga

Te nuinga o nga kairangahau ako i te ariā o ngā pūkenga me o ratou momo, tohu ratou huru matamaha, nahanaha, me te matamaha. I roto i tenei take, kua whakaaro te raruraru o te kōwhiri i te pūkenga tino o ratou ki te hei tetahi o te kī. Kia whakaaro atu tatou ki ta ko nga momo rerekē me ngā taumata o te mātau.

Overview

I tēnei wā, i reira e he momo nui o huarahi ki ratou whakarōpū. I roto i tenei take, kua oti te whakarite nga momo matua o pūkenga mā te whakamahi i ngā pūnaha e rua Pākehā, me te motu. Te papakupu GEF whakarato whakamāramatanga o ngā kāwai taketake. I roto i ngā, i tenei rerekētanga mātau o mātau. Ko te tuatahi ko te huinga o te mōhiotanga motuhake, ngā pūkenga me ngā āheinga i roto i nei i te tangata, ko te mōhio o me he wheako mahi. Mātau Ko te kaha ki te whakamahi i kaha te mōhiotanga ngaio, me te whaiaro whiwhi i roto i te akoranga o ratou mahi.

Ko te hāngaitanga o te pātai

Me mea te reira e reira he wā kahore whakamāramatanga wāhi pū kotahi o "āheinga matua." Ano, i roto i te momo o ngā mātāpuna, kua tuku ratou ki rerekē. Miramira i te momo o ngā āheinga matua i roto i te mātauranga, kitea nga kairangahau blurring me te kore o te nanakia o wehenga i roto i enei kāwai. He tauira ko te whakarōpū o GK Selevko. E ai ki te whakaaro o te kairangahau, i reira e taua momo o āheinga, pērā i:

1. Kōrerorero.
2. Mathematical.
3. Mōhiohio.
4. Hua.
5. Avtonomizatsionnaya.
6. Morare.
7. Social.

akomanga Peresekaemost (nanakia) faaite i roto i tenei whakarōpū ko e, mo te tauira, e taea te kite i hua rite te taonga whānui o tetahi mahi: kōrero whakaoti ngā mahi pāngarau ranei. Inaki Information kāwai ki te atu, a na reira i runga i. Ko te kupu, e kore e taea te tohaina ēnei momo o pūkenga rite motuhake. kitea hoki uara inaki i roto i te whakarōpū a A. V. Hutorskogo. tautuhi te reira i te āheinga e whai ake nei:

1. Educational me mōhiohio.
2. Uara me tikanga.
3. Social me te mahi.
4. Kōrerorero.
5. General ahurea.
6. Tuakiri.
7. Mōhiohio.

taea kaituhi rerekē te kitea i waenganui i 3 me 140 tohungatanga. I roto i te 1996, whakatakoto he rārangi tohu o ngā kāwai taketake i i te kurutetenga huatau i roto i Bern. Kei roto te reira i te āheinga e whai ake nei:

1. Pāpori me te tōrangapū.
2. Intercultural. tukua ratou koe ki te tahi-te tīariari ki te iwi o tetahi karakia ahurea ranei.
3. Whakatau i te kaha ki te ako puta noa i te ora.
4. E pā ana ki te kainga o tuhituhia me te waha kōrero.

whakarōpū kāinga

Ko te matatini tino, rite ki ngā tohunga, tāutuhia nga momo o ngā pūkenga ngaio IA Winter. hāngai ana tōna whakarōpū i runga i ngā kāwai o ngā mahi. Winter tāutu te momo e whai ake nei o competences ngaio:

1. E pā ana ki te tangata kia rite ki te takitahi, kia rite ki te kaupapa o ngā mahi kōrero.
2. E pā ana ki ngā taunekeneke pāpori me te taiao.
3. E tika ana ki te mahi a te tangata.

Hoki te pŭpŭ tata'itahi, ngā ratou whakaaro o ngā āheinga matua. Na, te tuatahi o nga ngā kāwai e whai ake nei e ngā:

1. Zdorovesberezheniya.
2. takotoranga Uara-tikanga i roto i te ao.
3. Raraunga.
4. Integration.
5. Whāiti me te whakaata whaiaro.
6. whanaketanga Whaiaro.
7. Whaiaro-ture.
8. whanaketanga ngaio.
9. Kōrero me te whanaketanga o te reo.
10. Ko te tikanga o te ora.
11. Kainga o te ahurea o te reo Māori.

I roto i te rōpū tuarua ki pūkenga taketake kaiakatanga he:

1. Kōrero.
2. pāhekoheko Social.

I roto i te poraka whakamutunga ngā kaiakatanga:

1. Mahi.
2. hangarau Information.
3. -Hinengaro.

huānga hanganga

Ki te, ka kitea ngā rerekētanga taketake i waenganui i te mea ratou rawa uaua ki te tātari i te kaituhi tīpakohia o pūkenga i roto i te mātauranga. I roto i tenei horopaki, ko reira pai ki te whakaaro i ngā kāwai rite wāhanga vzaimopodchinennyh o mahi o te kaupapa. Hei wāhanga o tetahi poi o mātau mahi ngā te wāhanga e whai ake nei:

1. -Hinengaro.
2. Whakahihiko.
3. Axiological (uara hononga takotoranga o te tangata).
4. Practical (pūkenga, ngā āheinga, wheako, aravihi).
5. Aronganui me te volitional. I roto i tenei take whakaaro mātau rite mātau pea. Ka taea te whakatinana te reira i roto i te mara motuhake o te mahi, me te kia kia whai hua i roto i te whakamahi i nga tikanga whaiaro ture-.

āhuatanga nui

Ngā momo o pūkenga kaiako, kia rite ki te tahi mau kairangahau, kia ngā rua huānga taketake. Ko te mahi tuatahi o te āhuatanga pāpori-hinengaro. presupposes te reira i te hiahia me te hinaaro ki tahi-te tīariari i roto i te au maite ki ētahi atu, me te ratou. Ko te huānga tuarua - he ngaio. Ko tā te reira i te hinaaro, me te hiahia ki te mahi i roto i te mara ngā o te mahi. Ia o enei wae, i roto i te tahuri, e taea te wehea ki etahi momo o āheinga. Ko te tukanga ako tapae nga āhuatanga taketake, me te motuhake. E pā ana te mua ki te raukura o whare wānanga katoa. He nui hoki te mahi ngā te whakamutunga.

Mātau (momo o te ako)

Hoki tohunga heke mai hangaia he pūnaha tënei o 4 poraka. I roto i ia o ratou tautuhi ana te momo o te mātau ngaio o te kaiako:

1. Whānui pāpori-hinengaro.
2. Professioinal.
3. Special pāpori-hinengaro.
4. Tapeke ngaio.

tautuhi te whakamutunga te rite te taketake pūkenga, mōhiotanga, ngā āheinga, ngā pūkenga, me te hihiko hoki o ratou wawata i roto i te rōpū motuhake. Ka taea e tenei poraka e ngā taua momo o āheinga 'ākonga, pērā i:

1. Whakahaere me te whakahaere.
2. Rangahau.
3. Production.
4. Hoahoa me te mārohirohi.
5. Whakaako.

kāwai Special tā te taumata, me te momo o te whakangungu paetahi, e hiahiatia ana te aroaro o tona hiahia me te hihiko ki te whakatinana i te mahi motuhake. takoto ratou ihirangi kei roto i runga ki te tawhā tohu kāwanatanga. General mātau pāpori-hinengaro ko te hiahia me te ngākau nui ki te taunekeneke whai hua ki ētahi atu, te kaha ki te mahino ētahi atu, me te tatou ki te puipuitua o ake ake-te huri āhua hinengaro, tikanga taiao, whanaunga pāhekoheko. I roto i runga ki tenei, emit ngā kāwai taketake e hanga ake te poraka. Kei roto te reira i taua momo o ngā pūkenga pēnei i:

1. Pāpori (te kaha ki te mahi i roto i te rōpū / kapa, fatongia, kātakí).
2. Whaiaro (te hiahia, me te hinaaro ki te whakawhanake koe, ki te ako, ki te whakapai ake, me pera atu.).
3. Information (mana o hangarau tīariari, ratou te whakamahi kaha, mōhiotanga o te reo ke, me te pera atu.).
4. Taiao (matauranga o nga ture o te natura, me te hapori, me ētahi atu).
5. Valeological (te hiahia, me te hinaaro ki te aroturuki ratou hauora).

Special mātau pāpori-hinengaro presuppose pūkenga ki te whakaoreore nui, i te wāhi ngaio o te tirohanga, te kounga o e whakarato ana mahi hua tonu.

pūkenga taketake

Ngā momo o ngā ākonga ngā pūkenga mahi rite te paearu matua mo te kounga o ratou whakangungu, te tohu o te hanganga o ngā pūkenga taketake. I roto i te whakamutunga i reira ko nga pūkenga e whai ake nei:

• kāwanatanga;
• kōrero;
• pāpori me te ā;
• rakahinonga;
• whakahaere;
• analizatorskie.

Ko te kōwae turanga hoki ngā:

• pūkenga whakamātau tinana;
• ngā tautōhito;
• kounga obschetrudovye;
• pūkenga pāpori;
• takitahi-hāngai ngā pūkenga.

Here i reira e:

• whaiaro, me te sensorimotor pūkenga;
• pūkenga pāpori me te ngaio ;
• kaiakatanga polyvalent;
• motuhake ngā tautōhito , me te pera atu.

āhuatanga o

Te tātari i te pūkenga whakarārangitia i runga ake, kia tuhia te reira e e rite ki te momo taketake o pūkenga i roto i te mātauranga ratou. Ko te kupu, ngā te wae pāpori o te kaha ki te kawe i ngā kawenga, ki te mahi i roto i rongoā tahi me te whai wāhi i roto i to ratou whakatinanatanga. Kei roto te mātau pāpori me te kātakí ki te whānuitanga o ngā akonoanga me ngā ahurea iwi, te faaiteraa o te conjugation o ngā ngākau nuitanga takitahi ki te hiahia o te hapori, me te pakihi. Ko te kōwae hinengaro ngā te hinaaro ki te whakapiki ake i te taumata o te matauranga, te hiahia mo te iteraa me wawata o wheako whaiaro, te hiahia ki te tūhura mōhiohio hou, me te whiwhi pūkenga hou, te kaha ki te whaiaro whakapai ake-.

Taumata o te whanaketanga mātau

Āhuatanga tohu whanonga ko kore o te faufaa rahi i roto i te aromatawai i te pūkenga o te tumu parau. Engari ngā ano hoki nga taumata nui o te whanaketanga o te competences ngā. Kei te whakaaro te reira i te whakaahuatanga pūnaha tino pūkenga whakamahia i roto i te tahi mau kamupene Western. I roto i tenei whakarōpū taea whakatau huru maitatai faufaa, whakatakoto ratou i runga i nga kaupae e tika ana. I roto i te putanga matarohia mō ia matatau whakarato 5 taumata:

1. Leadership - A.
2. Kaha - V.
3. Basic - S.
4. Iti Rawa - D.
5. Ta'efakafiemālie - E.

taumata whakamutunga tohu e kore e te tumu parau i te pūkenga e tika ana. Ano, e kore e ara tamata ia ki te whakawhanake ratou. whakaaro ana tēnei taumata e ki kia raruraru, no te mea te iwi e kore anake e kore e whakamahi i tetahi pūkenga, engari e kore e hoki matau ratou faufaa. whakaata te tohu iti pūkenga faaiteraa wāhanga. whangai ana i te kaupapa ki te kia ngana ki te whakamahi i te pūkenga ngā i roto i te mātau, matau ratou faufaa, Heoi, e kore e te pānga o tenei puta i roto i te wā katoa. whakaaro taumata Basic te rawaka me te tika mo te tangata. Tenei taumata tohu he aha ngā pūkenga motuhake, me mahi whanonga e āhuatanga o tenei mātau. whakaaro tino pai mō te mahi whai hua taumata Basic. Ko te taumata kaha o te mātau e hiahiatia ana mo nga cadres ārahi o kaiwhakahaere waenga. fokotu'u mai e ia he pakeke rawa pai o ngā pūkenga. Hinonga whai pūkenga matatini, kia whai i te mana kaha i runga i te mea kei te tupu, te whakaoti take whakahaere i roto i ngā āhuatanga tino. Tenei taumata hoki ngā te kaha ki te pahika ka ārai ari tōraro. Ko te faito teitei o te hanganga o ngā pūkenga e tika ana mō te runga kaiwhakahaere. taumata Leadership hiahiatia mō kaiwhakahaere tango whakatau rautaki. Tenei taahiraa riro e kore e taea anake ki te tono takitahi ki te pūkenga e tika ana te kaupapa, engari ano hoki e taea te whakaputa mō ētahi atu whai wāhitanga e tika ana. He tangata ki te taumata kaiārahi o competences, ngā mahi hanga i te ture, tikanga, ngā tukanga, whai wāhi ki te whakakitenga o ngā pūkenga me ngā āheinga.

Ngā o te whakatutukitanga

Ko te tono whai hua o ngā pūkenga kia riro ratou i te maha o ngā āhuatanga whakahauanga. I roto i ngā, kia waiho ratou:

1. Ngaio. kia hipokina Rārangi o ngā pūkenga nga āhuatanga katoa o te mahi.
2. Motuhake. kia hāngai āheinga motuhake ki te mahi ngā, āta wehe i te ētahi atu. I roto i te take i reira īnaki nga pūkenga, i reira he fifi i roto i te aromatawai i te mahi kaupapa ranei.
3. Arotahi. kia mārama te tautuhi mātau. Kahore he take ki te feinga ki tae i roto i te kotahi pūkenga, te tau mōrahi o mara o mahi.
4. Wātea. kia te fakalea o ia matatau penei e taea te hurinoa whakamahia reira.
5. Motuhake. E hangaia Ngā ki te whakapakari i te pūnaha whakahaere, me te ki te whakakaha i te whāinga mō te wā roa-. Ki te he waitara ratou, e kore ko te pānga e hiahiatia ana i a ratou.
6. Modern. tonu kia arotake, ka whakaritea i runga i te vairaa mau competences o te matatini. kia tango ratou ki pūkete e rua ngā hiahia o te tumu parau, te hapori, pakihi, me te āhua o nāianei, me te heke mai.

Āhuatanga o te hanganga

Hei wāhanga o te huarahi e hāngai ana mātau-rite ki te hua tika o te mahi ako tavini te hanganga o ngā pūkenga taketake. Ko ētahi o ēnei ko te kaha ki te:

1. Hei whakamārama i te āhuatanga o nāianei, he ratou, meinga te hononga i waenganui i a ratou, te whakamahi i te matauranga e tika ana.
2. Ako - te whakaoti rapanga i roto i te mara o te mahi mātauranga.
3. Whakatere te raruraru akiaki o to tatou wa. Ko ētahi o ēnei, i roto i ngā, ngā tōrangapū, te taiao, ngā take ripeka-ahurea.
4. Hei te whakaoti rapanga e te hunga noa ki ngā momo rerekē o ngā mahi ngaio, me te tahi atu.
5. Hahaké i roto i te ao varua.
6. Ki te whakaoti rapanga e pā ana ki te whakatinanatanga o tūranga pāpori motuhake.

mahi kaiako

Hanganga o te mātau kore anake peia e te whakatinanatanga o te hou ihirangi o te mātauranga, engari ano hoki i te hangarau me te tikanga o te ako, e tika ki ngā āhuatanga hou. Ko te tino whānui te rārangi, me he tino kanorau e taea. I roto i tenei hononga, kia tautuhi reira te ahunga rautaki matua. Hei tauira, he ka makona ratou tiketike hangarau hua pūmanawa me ngā tūāhua. pānga Ko tōna whakatinanatanga i te paetae o ngā pūkenga me te rironga o competences. Ko te rārangi o nga mahi taketake o ngā kaiako, kia ngā:

1. Te hanga tikanga mo te whaiaro iteraa-o ngā tamariki.
2. Whakawhenumi o ngā pūkenga hua, me te matauranga.
3. wawata Whanaketanga ki kapi tona turanga puta noa te ora.

tūtohutanga

kia haere i runga i etahi tikanga mo te whakatinanatanga o te mahi kua whakarārangitia i runga ake:

1. Tuatahi o te katoa, kua te kaiako ki te matau e kore puta te kī ki tona mahi whakahe, me te tuakiri i hanga e te me tona whai wāhitanga.
2. kia tohungia e wa, me te kaha ki te mahi whakangungu. Me awhinatia tamariki i roto i te whanaketanga o te tikanga tino hua o ngā mahi mātauranga, me te mōhiohio.
3. kia whakamahia te pātai atu pinepine mo te whanaketanga o te tukanga whakaaro, "He aha?". He mahara ki te whanaungatanga causal tavini rite te huru faufaa o te mahi whai hua.
4. whakamana whanaketanga o te pūmanawa auaha e te tātaritanga matawhānui o ngā raruraru.
5. I roto i te whakaoti ngā mahi hinengaro kia whakamahia maha ngā huarahi.
6. Me ki matau i te opuaraa no te ratou mātauranga tauira. I roto i tenei whakaaro, Me maha ratou ki te whakamārama i te mau hopearaa o etahi mahi, nga hua kawea ratou.
7. Hoki pai whakawhenumi o te matauranga o te pūnaha, ko te mea tika ki te whakamahi i te mahere me ngā kaupapa.
8. I roto i te akoranga o te tukanga mātauranga he tika ki te whakaaro i te āhuatanga takitahi o ngā tamariki. Hei whakahaere i te otinga o ngā raruraru mātauranga kia herenga kia paheko ratou ki te rōpū rerekëtanga. I roto i te ratou he mea tika ki te whakauru tamariki ki te matauranga e pā ana ki te taua. Hoki pai te māramatanga o ngā āhuatanga motuhake tika ki te kōrero ki ngā mātua, me te tahi atu mau orometua.
9. He mea tika ki te tango ki roto ki pūkete nga wheako o ngā ngākau nuitanga, pau whanaketanga o ia tamaiti. Me mahi ngātahi te kura ki te whānau.
10. kia whakatenatena mahi rangahau o ngā tamariki. Me kitea e koe i te ara ke maheni ākonga ki te tikanga o te tamataraa, e whakamahia hātepe ki te whakaoti rapanga, me te mōhiohio tukanga i te whānuitanga o ngā matatiki.
11. He mea tika ki te whakamārama ki te tamariki e mo te tangata katoa i reira he he wahi i roto i te ora, ki te riro ia katoa i te mea i roto i ka whai wāhi i te heke mai ki te iteraa o tona mahere.
12. Me koe ki te whakangungu kia e matau tamaiti katoa e mohio hoki ia - he tikanga faufaa.

enei ture katoa me tūtohutanga - he wahi iti noa o te whakaako o te whakaaro nui, me te pūkenga, te wheako o whakatupuranga o mua. Ratou whakamahi, Heoi, tino whakahaere te tukanga o te whakatinanatanga o ngā mahi me te whakatairanga ake paetae tere o nga whāinga o te mātauranga, arā, i roto i te hanganga me te whanaketanga o te tuakiri. Te feaa, Me katoa o enei ture ki te kia taunga ki ngā āhuatanga hou. hanga ora nohopuku-vitiviti titauraa hou i runga i te kounga o te mātauranga, ngā pūkenga, ngaio, 'ulungaanga whaiaro o ngā kaiuru katoa i roto i te tukanga. A, no te whakamahere ona mahi kia tango te kaiako tenei ki pūkete. I raro i tenei huru ka kawea ona mahi te hua e tūmanakohia ana.