Ko te mahi me te ariā o ngā pūnaha whakahaere

Mai te tīmatanga o rorohiko haere kore pera roa i te paerewa o te tuatapaparaa o te taata. Otiia i konei te te pūnaha whakahaere ki te whakahaere ia ratou, marere tawhiti mua. Kei te kore te reira e pā ana ara ki te whanaketanga Bill Gates ', marohitia ki te whakamahi i te pūnaha Windows. I roto i te meka, nui mua tupu katoa. Ko te ariā o ngā pūnaha whakahaere, e hiahia ana koe ki te tīmata titiro i i te haerenga poto ki te hītori o te hōtaka. A e kore katoa te e. Ano, ko te ariā o te pūnaha whakahaere, te whakarōpū o kahore te pūnaha whakahaere, me te tahi atu ngā kahore reira taea noa.

Rorohiko i te ata o te hanga

Ki te whakaaro tatou rorohiko i te wa o to ratou tupu, te mahi o te pūnaha rite taua, ka ngaro i te katoa. rorohiko Old Ko te pūnaha rorohiko tikanga e taea te hapai i tetahi ngā mahi pāngarau.

Ko te māmā raraunga otinga IO i taua wa he kāri tokua me te pepa rīpene. He ana te tuatahi he pūtau kau motuhake, te whakarerekētanga e taea ki a koe te tomo mōhiohio i roto i te raupapa tika. Tuarua te piripiri ore whakaatu i te hua tukatuka. Noatia, ko tino fiemālie tenei tikanga, kia runga i tīmata te wā ki te puta ngā pūnaha aunoa e taea te whakautu hohoro ki kōkuhunga me ngā hua.

reo hōtaka taumata-urunga

Concept me whakahaere mahi o te pūnaha e taea ki te whakaaro, kahore i te iti rawa i te mōhiotanga taketake o ngā reo hōtaka.

Kotahi i runga i te wa kotahi o te māmā ki te mahino ka tuhituhi ngā hōtaka whakaaro reo Basic. whakaako te reira i ara i roto i te kura nui. Hoatu i te reira ki te tuhituhi i ngā hōtaka, ko reira taea ki te hanga i whakairoiro, te tākaro waiata (ahakoa te whakamahi i anake akiaki pūnaha) me pera i runga i. D. Mō tetahi e whai tatou i teie mahana, e kore i taea e ara kupu e. nui i muri ka haere mai te ariā me te whakaaro o te pūnaha whakahaere.

Ko te meka Ko e reo hōtaka ara tahito e kore akakoromaki i te ki a ratou IO taumahinga tukua. Hei whakatutuki i tenei take e hiahiatia ana ki te kia whakatata nui atu nui.

huringa

Ka rite ki matau koutou, te reo māmā taiao hōtaka, e taea te mahi te tangata, kihai i hoatu e ahau katoa e whai tatou i te kau. Neke atu i te wa, ka anga matou ki te puta pōkai reo matatini ake, e, rokohanga, he tonu i roto i te whakamahi (te taua Assembler ranei Delphi).

Ahakoa kahore e pūnaha whakahaere wā Assembler tuhituhia, ahakoa taea maha tono whakamahi i tēnei reo. Otiia i konei ko te ki te waihanga i tētahi pūnaha whakahaere oti (ranei, rite te mea nei ratou, OS), e kore taua reo e pai te tīmatanga. Ko te aha kua puta ke te ariā taketake o ngā pūnaha whakahaere ahua i runga i te wā.

ka te reira mārama e te tino pūnaha whakahaere kia riro i te ahua o honotanga hono i waenganui i rorohiko "rino" wāhanga, tono me ngā kaiwhakamahi. Ko te kupu ka puta reira te wa tuatahi te hōtaka mana, e taea te huaina te pūnaha mahi tuatahi. Pono, i tawhiti rawa i te tenei ra ratou.

Ko te whakamahi o te pūnaha tuatahi i roto i ngā whakawhitinga waea

Ko te kamupene tuatahi ki te timata te whakamahi i nga ariā taketake o ngā pūnaha whakahaere, ko te kamupene waea American AT & T.

Ko te mārama tenei, hoki kua tamata te Engineers wa hangarau ki te whakaaunoa kōrero waea i waenganui i kaiohauru. Ki te mahara tetahi, ara ki te kiriata i roto i aua tau e taea te kite i ngā e hono kaiohauru mā te whakamahi i ngā kōhao motuhake e kua whakaurua ki te pūtau motuhake e ōrite ana ki te maha o te karanga taumai a puta.

Ko te ariā o ngā pūnaha whakahaere, i roto i tenei take e taea te heke ki te hononga tukanga tino aunoa o kaiohauru i waho te whai wāhitanga o ngā anake. I roto i te ao o te hangarau rorohiko e whakapono ai e te hōtaka tono e AT & T, kua riro te ahua o tauira o te pūnaha UNIX-e hāngai ana hou (e, rokohanga, pā ki maha tino Linux).

Windows: Kia pehea te Started reira

He aha te mea i tenei ra te pūnaha whakahaere? Te ariā, ngā mahi taketake - ka taea e kore e karohia tenei katoa, kahore te māramatanga o te ahua o te revolution i roto i te ao rorohiko, kua meinga ki ta Microsoft i te tangata o tona rangatira, ka Bill Gates. Ko ia te tuatahi ki te tono i tētahi huarahi kōmitimiti ki he mahara ki te hononga i waenganui i te kaha rorohiko o rorohiko me te kiritaki tangata e mataara ana nga hua o to ratou mahi i runga i te aroturuki.

Na ka hanga pūnaha DOS. mahi reira, engari anake i te tikanga o whakahau tomo ā, engari tamata te "tangata tawhito" Norton ki te mahi i te tahi mea uouangataha ki reo katoa e taea te whakahaere i roto i te taatoaraa.

Na e kore ko te ariā o te pūnaha whakahaere (OS) kahore nei he matauranga o te taua hua ahurei rite Norton Commander, no te mea i hanga maha tono pērā i kaiwhakahaere kōnae reira i roto i te whakapakoko, me te ahua "o te papa ruau o Norton."

Ae tango ara taua tono pai-mohiotia pērā i Windows Commander ranei Tapeke Commander, i roto i te atanga i nga awhi taua rua tono i Norton, i roto i te taha ki te mau taviri mahi, e taea whai te whakarite tika, te mahi i ētahi atu mahi ka aki tukutahi ki te Shift Ctrl ranei ranei .

hōtaka Ahanoa-hāngai

Neke atu i te wa, kua puta ke ano te ariā o ngā pūnaha whakahaere. Mā te whakahau ohie, me te atanga kikokore arahina ki te meka e kua whakawhanakehia Microsoft he ariā katoa hou mo te kōrero i waenganui i rorohiko me ngā kaiwhakamahi.

hoatu te Pire taua Geyts te kaiwhakamahi te atanga whakairoiro, i muri i huna te pūnaha mahi i ētahi atu tukanga pūmanawa ranei. I roto i tenei take, i te pūnaha whakahaere Windows, te ariā o e he rawa matatini i roto i ngā o te reo papatono (C + / C ++), i taea e te mahi tōtika me te "pūmārō" wāhanga katoa o rorohiko, te whakatakoto hoki ratou mahi tika, me te tika o te mārō motuhake, ka karanga i tenei ra taraiwa. Ko te kupu ka taea ki te hono tino tetahi pūrere (ara piringa).

pea te tauira māmā te taua pūreretā, kāri ataata, tango pāpāho , me pera i runga i. D.

Otiia kihai i reira tonu. Ko tenei he aha i hanga ngā pūmanawa he "piriti" motuhake whiwhi ingoa DirectX. timata hoki Manufacturers o taputapu hou ki te whakaputa i taputapu mā te whakamahi i te Mono & Play paerewa (mono, me te tākaro). Na ko reira nui noa ki te tāuta i te atekōkiri pūrere, kia mahi i te reira tika i roto i te pūnaha.

Tīmata ki Windows'98, he taraiwa nga whakaaro tino noa, me te rongonui ngā i roto i te mōkihi tāutanga ano pūnaha whakahaere. Ehara i te mea maere e inaianei, ara hoki kahore e gadgets pūkoro hiahiatia ki te tāuta ā te taraiwa.

Ko te ariā o te pūnaha whakahaere maha-tasking

He maha ngā kaiwhakamahi o ngā pūnaha rorohiko e kore e he iti matau, he aha te hono ki te pūnaha maha-tasking. I roto i te mau parau ohie e taea te faataa i te reira i te mahi o te maha ngā tukanga i te wa taua rave'a ranei ki te mahia e te whānuitanga o ngā mahi, e kua whakaratohia i roto i te täoro. Ko te kupu, ko te rawa "Pūnaha Whakahaere" riro te taputapu kaha ki te mahi i ngā mahi, rere hōtaka tuatoru-rōpū e kua mahi i roto i te taunoa kore e whakaratohia reira, a na i runga i. D.

pūnaha whakahaere: ariā, whakarōpū

Ko ngā pūnaha whakahaere hou, engari i tenei ra he rota o ratou i reira. whakataetae Direct o te kaporeihana Microsoft - Apple ko te kamupene e manufactures rorohiko me ngā pūrere pūkoro. Roto i te rerekē ki Windows ko reira pūnaha mahi Mac OS X, hanga nei (oddly nui) te roto i te ahua me te ahua o te "matapihi".

Ko te mea anake e he utu te tuhituhi ko te meka i ki te rā ko te pūnaha whakahaere haumaru tino i roto i te ao i tenei. Hoki ehara i te mea te tahi mea e kua hanga wheori, ratou e i roto i tenei taiao e kore e mahi noa.

pūnaha whakahaere mō ngā pūrere pūkoro

e kore e kaiwhakanao taputapu pūkoro mahue hoki ki muri. Me hanga anake te ariā me te mahi o te pūnaha whakahaere i tenei wāhi o te tirohanga i runga i kua haumi ia he aha te huinga o OS kaiwhakawhanake. Ko reira mārama e kore e whakatau i te atamai taua papa ranei te mata noa ki te pātene taua "Tīmata" rite i roto i te Windows (ara i muri i "e whitu", a ka whakarerea ai).

Ko whāiti te ariā o te pūnaha whakahaere e ki te whakamahi o widget ata ranei, pāwhiri i runga e taea te karanga e koe te tono ngā, mahi ranei hōtaka.

Ko te tino noa faatura tenei i roto i taea te huaina "OSes» momo Android, iOS, Windows Mobile, parakipere me etahi atu. Ka rite ki a koutou e taea te kite, kua mahue noa nga tangata nunui o te ao rorohiko i te whakaaro e te ariā taua o te pūnaha whakahaere, te whakarōpū o te momo o te kawenga (ranei e wātea ana mō te mahi) tono, a na i runga i. D.

Ko te tikanga, i reira e inaianei noa whakahaere pūnaha taea o te whakaiti atu "OSes". e kore e ratou rapua e tāutanga i runga i te puku mārō, me te taea te whakahaeretia i tetahi pāpāho tango. Ko te ariā o ngā pūnaha whakahaere, i roto i tenei take e kore e taea ki te tiki i a tawhio noa, kahore te whakahua o tenei hua pūmanawa ahurei rite BeOS. Ki he tokomaha he unknown reira, Heoi, mā te tikiake i te "OSes" ki te kōpae puku USB ranei, ka taea e koe te whakatika i te rota o raruraru i roto i te taua Windows. A, no te rere, te reira noa bypasses te rāngai whawhai Windows (ki te, kia āhei te momo hāngai faaite i roto i te te utanga BIOS).