Ko te ohanga Austria Friedrich Hayek: A Biography, ngā mahi, ngā whakapono, me ngā pukapuka

Friedrich August von Hayek - ko te ohanga Austria, me te Ingarangi me te tangata tohe. awhina ia nga ngākau nuitanga o te liberalism puāwaitanga. I roto i te 1974 riro ia te Nobel mo te tokorua ki a Gunnar Mirdelom mō "mahi tāimu'a i te ariā o te moni, me te ... he tātaritanga hohonu o te taupuhipuhinga o tītohu ōhanga, pāpori me te pütahitanga." ka karanga a Hayek he māngai o te kura Austria ko Chicago. Tona paetae matua - ko reira tātaitanga ōhanga raruraru, catallactics ariā marara matauranga, te tohu utu, kia noa, tauira Hayek, Hebb.

mōhiohio whānui

Friedrich Hayek ko te pāpori theorist nui, me te tangata tohe tōrangapū o te rau tau XX. Tona kitea e pā ana ki te pehea, ki te huri i te tohu utu nga takitahi ngā mōhiohio nui e āwhina ki a ratou ruruku ratou mahere, ko te paetae nui i roto i te ōhanga. whai wāhi Hayek i roto i te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao, a ka kua toutou mea e kua hanga tenei wheako i roto ia ia i te hiahia ki te riro i te kaipūtaiao, me te āwhina i te iwi te karo i te mau hape i arahina ki te pakanga patu. I roto i tona ora, ia pinepine ke tona wahi o te noho. mahi Friedrich Hayek i,, ko Ateria te UK USA Germany. Ko ia he ahorangi i te kura London o Economics, Chicago me te Whare Wānanga o Fribourg. I roto i te 1939, i homai Hayek raraunga Ingarangi. I te tau 1984 ka e ia he mema o te Order o Knights o Honor me te kaiwhiwhi tuatahi o nga Hans Martin Schleyer paraihe. Tona tuhinga "Ko te whakamahi o te matauranga i roto i te hapori" i whakaurua ki roto ki te rua tekau runga, whakaputaina i roto i te buka aamu te American Economic Arotake mo te 100 tau tuatahi o tona oraraa.

biography

whanau Friedrich Hayek i roto i Vienna. Ko tona papa he rata me te hahaereraa Ahorangi o Botany i te whare wānanga rohe. whanau whaea o Hayek i roto i te utuafare taonga o kaipupuri whenua. Haunga Frederick, i rua atu tama (1.5 me te 5 tau muri atu ia) te tokorua. Rua Hayek koroua i ngā pūkenga. Tona whanaunga tuarua i te taha ki whaea ko he philosopho rongonui Ludwig Vittgenstayn. tenei katoa nui te awe te kōwhiringa o ngā wāhanga o te pānga o te pūtaiao heke mai. I roto i te 1917, piri Friedrich Hayek te hoia pū i roto i te ope Austro-Hungarian i runga i te mua Itari. I whakawhiwhia ia mo tona toa i roto i te whawhai.

I roto i te 1921 me te 1923 ka awhina ia tona PhD i roto i te ture, me te Tōrangapū Science. I te 1931 ka timata ia te mahi i te kura London o Economics. Ia hohoro ka rongonui. A e pā ana ki Hayek korero e pā ana ki rite te pūkenga matua i roto i te ōhanga ao. I muri ko Tiamana raro ture Nasí, faaoti ia ki te tango i raraunga Ingarangi. I te 1950-1962 nga tau i ora ai ia i roto i te United States. I muri i taua, oho ia ki Germany. Heoi, noho Hayek he kaupapa Ingarangi i mua i te mutunga o tona ora. I te 1974 i riro ia te Nobel. kawea mai tenei hui atu ia ara rongonui. I roto i te hui, ka tutaki ia ki te dissident Russian Aleksandrom Solzhenitsynym. Na ka tonoa e ia a ia he translation o tona mahi tino rongonui, "te Road ki Serfdom."

ora whaiaro

I roto i August 1926, ka moea e Friedrich Hayek Helen Berte Marii von Fritsch. tutaki ratou i te mahi. i te tokorua e rua tamariki, engari wahia ake e ratou i roto i te tau 1950. E rua wiki i muri i te whakarere marenatia Hayek Helen Bitterlich i Arkansas, te wahi e taea te mahi i te reira.

Friedrich Hayek: pukapuka

Kei te whakamahere te University o Chicago ki te tuku i te kohinga o nga mahi o te pūtaiao, e kua mahi hoki rawa he wa roa i konei. ka i roto i te raupapa o 19 buka putanga hou o nga pukapuka, ngā uiuitanga kaituhi, tuhinga, he pukapuka, me tauira pulusi. mahi tino rongonui o Hayek ngā:

• "Monetary Theory me te Cycle Trade" 1929.
• "Prices me hanga" 1931.
• "Income, moni, me te haumi, me ētahi atu tuhinga i runga i te ariā o rerekē ahumahi," 1939.
• "Te Road ki Serfdom," 1944.
• "Individualism ko Order Economic," 1948.
• "Whakawhiti o te mana'o o te haere noa," 1951.
• "Ko te counter-revolution i roto i te pūtaiao: rangahau o tūkino hinengaro", 1952.
• "Te Ture o Liberty," 1960.
• "Whakaaro Fatal: hapa Hapori" 1988.

Friedrich Hayek, "te Road ki Serfdom"

Ko te reira i te mahi tino rongonui o te ohanga Austria, me te tangata tohe. tuhituhi e ia te reira i roto i 1940-1943 aua. I roto i te reira, faaara ia o nga fifi o te faatîtîraa, e tika mutu te mana kāwanatanga ki runga i te whakatau whakamahere pokapū te whakatau. Friedrich von Hayek tohe e te makanga o individualism me whakaaro o te liberalism puāwaitanga e arata'i ki te mate o te haere noa, te hanga o te hapori hāngū, te tonotono me te "pononga" o te iwi. Me kï reira e rere nga tauākī o te pūtaiao counter ki mahi pūtaiao vai i taua wa whakaaro e fascism (hapori National) ko te whakautu capitalist ki te whanaketanga o te hapori. tohu Hayek i nga pakiaka noa o te pūnaha e rua. neke atu i te rua miriona kape o "Te Road ki Serfdom," Kua oti hokona mai whakaputanga. i te mahi Fridriha Hayeka kua he pānga nui i runga i te a'oraa ōhanga me te tōrangapū i roto i te rau tau XX. Tona Kīanga tenei ra.

Koha me te Whakaaetanga

i te mahi a Hayek kua he pānga nui i runga i te whanaketanga o te whakaaro ohaoha. Ana whakaaro e rua o te kupu hautoa (i muri i Pere Kenneth) i roto i te kauwhau o laureates Nobel. ka karanga Vernon Smith ko Herbert Haimona ana economists nāianei tino rongonui. Hayek te reira i te tuatahi ki te whakauru i te taha pae tino i roto i te tauriterite o te mākete. I ia te mana nui i runga i te whanaketanga o te ariā tupu, economics mōhiohio me te ariā o te tikanga noa.

Tawhito me hōnore

Ahakoa i muri te mate, Hayek tonu tetahi o economists rongonui o tenei ra. kihai i ana whakaaro hei tawhitotia. Ingoa i roto i tona kororia:

• Society Ākonga i te kura London o Economics. I hanga te reira i roto i 1996.
• Society i Oxford. Hanga i roto i te 1983.
• Ko te whakarongo i te Cato Institute. I roto i nga tau tata nei, i whakawhiwhia Hayek te taitara o kororia hoa rangahau matua o te whakahaere rangahau American.
• Ko te whakarongo i te University Francisco Marroquin i Guatemala.
• Foundation mō pūtaiao o te Institute o Studies Humanitarian. homai ana e ia tohu paerunga me te kuao kairangahau.
• Lecture Annual i roto i Ludwig von Mises Institute. Ia pūtaiao kōrero e pā ana ki takoha o Hayek ki pūtaiao.
• Award i George Mason University ki te tuhituhi tuhinga ōhanga.