Ko te pokey hihiri o te inu. He aha te mea tona tikanga tinana, me te hangarau e?

tautuhi ana te wai kei te rite te tinana tinana, te kaha ki te huri i tona āhua i te mana takirihia iti i runga i te reira. Ko te tikanga i reira e rua ngā momo matua o wai, me hau maturuturu. inu maturuturu - he wai i roto i te tikanga mua: wai, te hinu karahīni, te hinu, me te pera i runga i. fluids haurehu waihā - hau e i raro i ngā āhuatanga noa e, mo te tauira, matū haurehu waihā pērā i te hau, hauota, pōwaro, hāora.

rerekē ēnei pūhui i roto i te hanganga rāpoi, me te momo o te pāhekoheko o ngā rāpoi ngota ki ia atu. Heoi, i te wāhi o te tirohanga o rehe, he ratou pāpāho tonu. A, no te mea o tenei, hoki tāutuhia ratou etahi āhuatanga aunoa noa: kiato, me te mahara motuhake; a taketake āhuatanga tinana: compressibility, waiariki roha, kaha kurut, kaha o te mānukanuka mata me te pokey.

I raro i pokey matau te taonga o te taonga wai he whakakeke retireti ranei nuku ona papa ki tahi i te tahi. Ko te ngako o te ariā, ko te takanga o ope waku i waenganui i nga papa rerekē i roto i te inu i roto i to ratou nekehanga whanaunga. Wehewehe i waenganui i te ariā o "pokey hihiri o te inu" me ona "pokey nekeneke". Next, tango i te titiro, he aha te mea te rerekētanga i waenganui i enei ariā.

ariā Basic me te ahu

kaha Kaore F, e whakatika i neke whanaunga ki tetahi ki tetahi papa pātata o te inu te whakatakiruatanga o he tika hautanga ki te tere o te paparanga me ratou wāhi whakapā S. tenei mahi kaha i roto i te ahunga hāngai ki te motini, a whakahuatia i roto i Newton whārite ko arohaehae

F = μS (ΔV) / (Δn),

te wahi (ΔV) / (Δn) = GV - te rōnaki tere i roto i te aronga noa ki te wāhanga pokarekarenga.

Ko te tau whakarea proportionality μ - ko te pokey hihiri, noa pokey te whakatakiruatanga o inu ranei. Mai i whārite o Newton ko reira

μ = F / (S ∙ GV).

I roto i te wae pūnaha inenga tinana o te pokey tautuhia rite te pokey o te reo, i roto i nei i wae tere rōnaki GV = 1 cm / hekona ia henemita tapawha o paparanga mahi kaha waku i roto i te 1 dyne. Nä, faaite te taha o te wae i roto i tenei pūnaha e i roto i dynes ∙ s ∙ cm ^ (- 2) = r ∙ cm ^ (- 1) ∙ s ^ (- 1).

huaina ana tēnei mehua ko te tū pokey hihiri (P).

1 P = 0.1 Pas ∙ c = 0,0102 kgf ∙ ki ∙ m ^ (- 2).

Te whakamahi me te waeine iti, ara: P 1 = 100 centipoises (CPS) = 1000 mPas (millipuaz) = 1000000 INC (mikropuaz). I roto i te pūnaha hangarau mō te kōwae o te uara pokey tango kgf ∙ ki ∙ m ^ (- 2).

I roto i te kōwae pūnaha ao o pokey tautuhia rite te pokey o te reo, i roto i nei i wae tere rōnaki GV = 1 m / s ki 1 m ia mita tapawha o te wai apa whakakapi te waku kaha o 1 N (Newton). Ko te uara taha o μ i te SI whakahuatia i roto i kg ∙ m ^ (- 1) ^ ∙ ki (- 1).

āhuatanga atu pērā i te ariā hihiri pokey wai whakaurua rite te ōwehenga o te whakarea pokey kinematic ko μ ki te kiato inu. Ko te uara o te pokey kinematic whanganga i Stokes (Class 1 = 1 cm ^ (2) / c).

Ko te tau whakarea pokey numera rite ki te maha o te waka kawea i roto i te hau neke ia wā wae i roto i te ahunga hāngai ki te kaupapa, ia rohe wae ina rerekē te tere kaupapa ia wae o tere ki te paparanga hau wehea ia roa wae. Pokey whakarea tei runga i te ahua me te āhua o te rauemi (pāmahana me te pēhanga).

pokey hihiri me te pokey kinematic o wai, me hau, ki te whānuitanga nui whakawhirinaki i runga i te pāmahana. I ite i te reira e rua te hekenga tau whakarea ki te whakanui ake i te pāmahana hoki iho ana te wai, me te, hei kōrero, piki rite te pāmahana e whakatika - no te hau. Rerekē tenei fakafalala e taea te faataa e te natura tino o te ngā o ngā rāpoi ngota i roto i nga wai droplet me hau.

Ko te tikanga-tinana

Mai i te tirohanga o te ariā nekeneke rāpoi o hau pokey tītohunga takoto i roto i te meka e te reo neke tika ki te nekehanga matapōkere o ngā rāpoi ngota puta paparanga tīaroaro o tere rerekē. Ko te kupu, ki te te paparanga tuatahi i roto i te ahunga neke tere atu i te pātata tukunga te paparanga tuarua, te kahu tuatahi o te tuarua neke rāpoi ngota tere, a hurihia.

Na reira, e whangai ana i te paparanga tuatahi ki te whakatere i te kaupapa o te paparanga tuarua, me te tuarua - ki pōturi te kaupapa o te tuatahi. Ko te kupu, ka whakaiti i te nui katoa o te kaupapa o te paparanga tuatahi, me te tuarua - ki te whakapiki ake i. Te huringa hua i roto i tenei nui o te nekehanga āhuatanga e te whakarea pokey ki hau.

Ko te droplet pērā haurehu, te waku ā o te whānuitanga nui i te mahi o ope intermolecular. Na, ko iti mai i te tawhiti i waenganui i nga rāpoi ngota o te droplet wai rite whakaritea ki te taiao haurehu waihā, te ope pāhekoheko rāpoi ia - nui. Ko te muingota o te wai, me te rāpoi ngota o totoka, kopikopiko tata nga ngā taurite. Heoi, i roto i wai, e kore e pahoho enei tikanga. I muri i te tetahi wā o te wā te muingota wai koimutu ki te tūranga hou. I te wa ano, i roto i nei e kore e te tūranga o te rāpoi ngota i roto i te wai huri, ka karanga te wa reira "te ora tuturu".

tino ope intermolecular whakawhirinaki i runga i te momo o te wai. Ki te he iti te pokey o te taonga, i huaina ai ko "flowable", rite ki te whakarea rere, me te pokey hihiri o te inu - ko inversely hautanga. Engari, he rauemi ki te pokey tiketike kia whai i te pakeke aunoa, rite, mo te tauira, te kāpia. Ko te pokey o te taonga i tino tei runga i te hanganga o te poke, me o ratou moni me te pāmahana. Ki te whakanui ake i te pāmahana te heke te rahinga "te ora sedentary" wa, reira te whakanui ake i te heke pokey inu, me te nekeneke o te taonga.

Ko te āhuatanga o te pokey, me te tahi atu ari waka rāpoi (tūringiringi me ngāwhā kawe ia) ko he tukanga tina heke e arata'i ki te paetae o te kāwanatanga taurite ōrite ki te piraunga mōrahi me te mōkito pūngao free.