Ko te tangata e awe te akoranga o te hītori: tauira. Iwi nei ke te akoranga o te aamu ao

Iwi nei ke te ao, he tokomaha nui. Tenei tākuta pai-mohiotia, e haere mai ki runga ki te whakaora mo mate, ka ako ki te hanga ngā mahi matatini; kaitōrangapū e tīmata te whawhai, a patua te whenua; nga astronauts nei orbited tuatahi te whenua i roto i tona ohuraa, a whakaturia waewae ki runga ki te marama, a na reira i runga i. Mano o ratou, a ki te korero ki e pā ana ki te katoa taea. rārangi ana tēnei tuhinga anake i te wahi iti o enei geniuses, whakawhetai ki nei i reira nga āhuatanga pūtaiao, whakahounga hou me ngā i roto i te toi. Ko te tangata e puta ke te akoranga o te hītori ratou.

Alexander Suvorov

Te rangatira nui, e noho ana i roto i te rau tau XVIII, kua riro te tangata fifi. Ko te tangata e kua awe te akoranga o hītori ki te pūkenga o te whakahaere rautaki, me te pai ravea whakamahere o te whawhai e ia. Kei te tona ingoa i roto i pukapuka koura i roto i nga meatanga o hītori Russian tuhituhia, kei te mahara ia kia rite ki te rangatira hōia anaana ta'ehela'ia.

I roto i tona ora, oti rawa Alexander Suvorov ki whawhai me whawhai. whai wāhi ia i roto i te hōia e whitu, arahina 60 whawhai, kahore hoki e mohio hinga. Ko kitea tona taranata tuhituhi i roto i tona pukapuka "Pūtaiao o Victory", i roto i nei haapii e ia te whakatupuranga teina te toi o te pakanga, tiri tona wheako me te matauranga. I roto i tenei rohe, i mua o tona wa i roto i nga tau maha Suvorov ki mai.

Ki tona nama i roto i te wahi tuatahi ko e a tika tonu ia te ia o te pakanga kua whakawhanakehia ara hou o whakaeke me patua. hāngai ana tona pūtaiao katoa i runga i nga pou e toru: te patunga a, tere, me te kanohi i te pai. whakawhanakehia ana tēnei parau tumu i roto i hoia faaotiraa, te whanaketanga o te kaupapa, me te tikanga o te manaaki tētahi ki tētahi mo ratou hoa. I roto i te whawhai, ka haere tonu ia ki mua o hoia noa, e whakaatu ana ratou he tauira o te itoito, me te itoito.

Catherine II

Ko te āhuatanga wahine tenei. Ka rite ki te tahi atu tuakiri katoa i tākiekina te akoranga o te hītori, ko reira he whai mana, kaha, me te mahara. i whanau ia i roto i Germany, engari i roto i te 1744 i haere mai ki a Russia rite te wahine marena hou mo te tama a te Empress - te Grand Duke Pita III. i uninteresting me anuhea tana tahu, ratou kihai tata i kōrero. Katoa wa free pau i runga i te tai'oraa Catherine mahi ture, me te ōhanga, horo reira te whakaaro o te Māmá. Te kimi te iwi rite-whakaaro i roto i te marae, hurihia e ia tana tahu, kahore uaua i te torona, a meinga ana ia hei rangatira ki tonu i-parirau o Russia.

ka karanga tona kingitanga ko te "koura" mo te rangatira. meatanga rangatira kaumatua, ka mau whenua hahi ki te takotoranga moni kāwanatanga, i taonga te mana, me te hanga māmā ora mo peasants noa. I roto i tenei take, te mana o te tuakiri i runga i te akoranga o te aamu titau te whakatamarikitanga o mahi ture hou. I te pūkete o Catherine: ripeneta porowini, te roha o tika me nga rangatiratanga o te rangatira, te hanganga o ngā akomanga e whai ake nei te tauira o te hapori Pākehā Western me te fakafoki mai o te mana o Russia i te ao.

Pita te nui

Ko tētahi atu rangatira Russian nei te rau tau i ora ai i te aroaro o Catherine, takaro hoki te wāhi nui i roto i te whanaketanga o te kāwanatanga. e kore te mea he tangata tika nei awe te akoranga o te hītori ia. riro 1 Pita he poto motu. kauwhautia te reira i te kaiako, "he mori o tau," te kaiwhakaora o Russia, te tangata nana nei i whakatitiro nga kanohi o te iwi noa ki te ara Pākehā o te ora, me te kāwanatanga. Kia mahara ki te parau "matapihi ki Europe"? Na, ko reira Potr Veliky "tapahia i roto i" i roto i te noa'tu o tona katoa hae.

ka Pita kingi o te reforomatio nui, e taui te reira ki te turanga kāwanatanga i te tuatahi wehi te rangatira, a ka whakamoemititia. Tenei tangata, nana nei i awe te akoranga o te hītori i roto i taua "hiakai, me te i horoia" Russian, whakawhetai ki a ia, i whakaurua nga āhuatanga ahu whakamua me ngā whakatutukitanga o whenua Western. Pita i taea e ki te whakawhānui i te rohe ōhanga me te ahurea o ratou kingitanga, raupatu whenua hou te nui. mohio Russia te kaha nui, me te hounga'ia tona tūranga i roto i te ao te ao.

Alexander II

I muri ko Petra Velikogo anake te kingi e timata ana ki te noho pera whakahounga nui-tauine. Kua tino whakahoutia ana innovations image o Russia. Ka rite ki te tahi atu huru taata pai-mohiotia nei kua puta ke te akoranga o te aamu, tika tenei rangatira whakaute me te āhukahuka. I roto i tona kingitanga taka i runga i te rau tau XIX.

Ko te paetae matua te kingi o te whakakāhoretanga o te serfdom i Russia, i whakawarenga te whanaketanga ōhanga me te ahurea o te whenua. O te akoranga, te whakakorenga o te pūnaha, tino rite ki te pononga, whakaaro me matua o Alexander II - Ekaterina Velikaya me Nicholas I. Ko tetahi o ratou kore rawa i kaha ki te tahuri nga turanga o te kāwanatanga ka huripokitia e.

Kua tangohia taua huringa uruhi wahi kaua te mutunga, mai kua te whenua kua malu'aki mai tutu o te iwi 'oi'oi i. I tua atu, i roto i te 1880, kua kinakitia hanganga, enraging te taitamarikitanga hou. ka Tsar-reforomatio te ūnga o te wehi i arahina ki te mutunga o te panoni, me te tino awe te whanaketanga o Russia i te heke mai.

Lenin

Lenin, te pāhoro rongonui, he tangata nei awe te akoranga o te hītori. arahina Lenin te maunu i roto i Russia ki te autocracy. arahina e ia nga tahae i runga i te parepare, ki te hua e i turakina a Tsar Nicholas II ka haere mai mana ki te mana, te Kominiusi awhi te rau tau, ka arahina ki te nui, huringa faufaa i roto i te oraraa o te iwi noa nei ture.

Te tai'oraa i te mahi o Marx ko Engels, taunaki Lenin te ōritetanga me te moni kaha whakataua. He pai te ariā, engari ko reira uaua ki te mau te whakatinana, ei mau ti'a o te whiriwhiri i ora tonu, horoi i roto i te papai, i te kaimahi mau me peasants mahi ra pakeke me te po. Otiia ko reira e, i roto i te taua Lenin, i mawhiti tuatahi, ka haere katoa te ara hiahia ia te reira.

Hoki te wā o te kingitanga o Lenin pripadaet taua mau ohipa faufaa rite te Pakanga o te Ao Tuatahi, te Pakanga Civil i Russia, kino, me te heahea pihinga i te uri kingi katoa, te whakawhitinga o te whakapaipai i St. Petersburg ki Moscow, te turanga o te Army Whero, te whakatūnga tonu o te tikanga Soviet me te whakatamarikitanga o ona Ture tuatahi.

Stalin

Iwi nei ke te akoranga o te hītori ... I roto i to ratou rārangi o reta ngangana tahuna te ingoa o Iosifa Vissarionovicha. riro ia he "kaiwhakatuma" o tona wa. Ko te puni turanga mata, Soslan ki mirioni o tetahi iwi harakore, pihinga mau utuafare katoa mo dissent, te matekai horihori - tenei katoa kua ripeneta ke oraraa o te iwi. Ētahi whakaaro Stalin te rewera, etahi e te Atua, pera i reira i whakaritea e te wa te whakarau o nga tangata o te Soviet Union. E kore tetahi e kore te tahi atu, e kore e tino ko ia. whakaarahia iwi mataku ratou ia i runga i te turanga. Kua te fifi o te tuakiri kua hanga i runga i te wehi ao, me te toto o patunga harakore o te wā.

Ko te tangata e awe te akoranga o te hītori, Stalin, kitea kore anake e wehi papatipu. O te akoranga, tona whai ki te hītori o Russia kua he taha pai. i roto i tona kingitanga, i hanga reira kua te kāwanatanga he pakaruhanga ōhanga kaha, ka anga ki te whakawhanake i ngā whare pūtaiao me te ahurea. Ko ia te tangata e tu ana i te matenga o te ope i patua Hitler, a whakaorangia Europe i fascism.

Nikita Khrushchev

Ko reira he tangata tino tautohetia nei awe te akoranga o te hītori. Ko tōna āhua pūkenga e pai faaite whakaturia tona tohu, e rua i hanga o kohatu pango me te ma. Khrushchev, i runga i te ringa kotahi, ko Stalin he tangata, a ki runga ki te tahi atu - he rangatira nei tamata ki te kuru i te fifi o te tuakiri. ka anga ia hanganga tuwhena e i mahara ki te tino huri te pūnaha toto, tukua i te puni, milioni o herehere harakore, murua rau o nga mano o te hunga whiua ki te mate. Kei te ara i huaina e wā "koero," no te mea ki te aukati i te whakatoi, me te wehi.

Otiia kihai i Khrushchev mohio pehea ki te kawe nui mea ki te mutunga, kia taea te huaina reira he whakahounga hawhe-ngakau. Te kore o te mātauranga i hanga ia te tangata kuiti-whakaaro, engari he pūmanawa nui, take māori me te parapara tōrangapū awhinatia ia na roa ki te noho i roto i te taumata teitei o te kaha, me te kitea i te huarahi i roto i roto i te ohorere. Ko reira te whakahaere te whakawhetai ki a Khrushchev ki te karo i te pakanga karihi i roto i te raruraru pere Cuban, a tae noa tahuri te whārangi tino toto i roto i te hītori o Russia.

Dmitri Mendeleev

hanga Russia kua he rota o kaata nui e pai ake ngā wāhanga o te pūtaiao. Ko tu Mendeleev i, rite tona takoha ki tona whanaketanga he tino taonga. Matū, te ahupūngao, te arowhenua, ohaoha, pāpori - katoa o tenei wa ki te ako i te Mendeleev me whakatuwhera enei rāngai ake Horizons hou. I hoki te pai-mohiotia ia Kāmana, balloonist me encyclopedic.

Ko te tangata e awe te akoranga o te aamu, kitea te Mendeleyev te ture wā, e taea ai ki te matapae i te putanga o ngā huānga matū hou, te whakatuwheratanga o e e wahi i roto i to tatou ra. Tona tepu - haapiiraa matū turanga i te kura, me te i te whare wānanga. I roto i ana mahi kia rite ki te tūhuratanga tonu o akiaki hau, ngā e awhinatia ana ki te ahu i te whārite o te kāwanatanga hau.

I tua atu, kaha ako te pūtaiao nga āhuatanga o te kaupapa here hinu whakawhanakehia e whaowhia o haumi ki te ōhanga, ka whakaarohia ki arotau te mahi tikanga. Ana tohutohu tino taonga e whakamahia ana e te minita maha o te mana emepaea.

Ivan Pavlov

Ka rite ki ki te huru katoa, te awe i te akoranga o te hītori, ko ia he rawa mohio, pūmanawa tuwhera-whakaaro, me te roto. Ivan Pavlov kaha whakamahia i roto i ona ngā nga kararehe, e ngana ana ki te whakanui i ngā āhuatanga noa o te ora matatini kaiao, tae atu ki ngā tangata.

i taea e ki te whakamatau i te mahi rere o te kūmuri karere i roto i te pūnaha Cardiovascular Pavlov. Kei te whakaaturia te reira i pehea te karere vagus taea whakahaere pēhanga toto. Na ano ko te kai te I TE karere mahi, i te mea te mana i runga i te tukanga o te karere houtanga me te kiko hanganga.

I muri mai ka mau e ia ake te whaiaroaro o te wahi kūnatu, hua i roto i riro te Nobel i 1904. whakaaro tona paetae matua te ki hei te ako o te roro, mahi teitei io, reflexes makatuunga me te pūnaha whakaoho tangata pera-ka karanga. ka ana mahi te pūtake o te maha ariā i roto i te rongoa.

Mikhail Lomonosov

noho ia, ka mahi i roto i te kingitanga o Petra Velikogo. Katahi ka whakanohoia te aronga i runga i te whanaketanga o te mātauranga me te mōhiotanga, ka i hanga te Russian Academy tuatahi o Sciences, i nei maha o ona ra pau Lomonosov. Ko ia he kaiahuwhenua ohie, i taea ki te whakatika ki tiketike maere, rere ake te arawhata pāpori, me te riro i te huarahi kaiputaiao, kororia e hora ki te ra nei.

I hiahia i roto i te katoa e pā ana ki te ahupūngao me te matū ia. Ko te whakamutunga hiahia ia ki te wewete i te mana o te rongoā me te rongoā. Ko te whakawhetai ki a ia e whanau i te matū tinana hou rite te pūtaiao i a ka anga ki te whakawhanake kaha. I tua atu, ko ia he Taha'i rongonui, ako hītori me tuhituhi te pukapuka. Pita te nui, whakaaro ia te rangatira pai, he ahua matua i roto i te whanaketanga o te kāwanatanga. I roto i a ratou mahi pūtaiao, whakaahuatia ana e ia i te reira, ano he tauira o te whakaaro, i puta ke hītori me tahuri te whakaaro o te pūnaha whakahaere. I whakaturia tautooraa Lomonosov i wānanga tuatahi o Russia - Moscow. Mai taua wa, ka anga ki te whakawhanake i te mātauranga teitei.

Yuri Gagarin

Iwi nei awe te akoranga o te hītori ... he uaua te rārangi ki te whakaaro i waho te Yuri Gagarin, te tangata nei patua wāhi. ngā wāhi te rangi iwi mō ngā rau tau, engari anake i roto i te rau tau whakamutunga, eke te tangata ki runga ki tona whanaketanga. I taua wa i reira ko kē he pūtake hangarau pai whakawhanakehia-mo taua rerenga.

i tohua Space Age i whakataetae i waenganui i te Soviet Union me te United States. Kua tamata te feia faatere o te whenua nui ki te whakaatu i to ratou kaha me te painga, ka ko te wāhi kotahi o te kōwhiringa pai mo tenei whakaatu. I roto i te waenganui o XX rautau te totohe i runga i te hunga e tonoa he tangata ki ohuraa. I roto i tenei iwi, riro ia te USSR. E matau ana tatou katoa i te rā kara mai kura nui: April 12, 1961 rere te kaipōkai tuatahi ki ohuraa, te wahi pau ia 108 meneti. Tenei pūāhua ko Yuri Gagarin. Ko te ra i muri i tona ara ki wāhi, ka ia rongonui katoa i runga i te ao. Ahakoa, haapapu, e kore ia whakaaro ia he nui. Kei te maha ka mea a Gagarin e mo te haora, me te hawhe i kahore wa ki ara matau te mea i tupu ki a ia, me te aha e ana mana'o i te wa ano.

Alexander Pushkin

Kei te karanga a te reira "te ra o te rotarota Russian". i mai te roa ia riro te tohu motu o Russia, ana irava, whiti me te tuhi e tino wāriutia ka whakahonoretia. A e kore e anake i roto i te whenua o te mua Soviet Union, engari te ao ano hoki. Tata ki te katoa pa i roto i Russia reira ko te huarahi, tapawha tapawha ranei, ko muri i Aleksandra Pushkina. ako tamariki i te kura, tana mahi, e mau ia e kore anake i roto i haora kura me i muri i te kura, me te i roto i te puka o ahiahi tuhituhi kaupapa.

Tenei tangata i hanga rotarota kia mauritau, e te mea kahore rite i roto i te ao. Ki te timata i tona auaha ki te whakawhanake i tuhinga hou me ona momo katoa - i rotarota ki whakaari whare tapere. lau Pushkin i roto i te kotahi manawa. Kei a ia te tika, ngā rārangi naki, kua tamau aau ratou hohoro a ngāwari takina. Ki te whakaaro tatou atu fakamaama o te tangata, tona kaha o te huru, me te matua i roto hohonu, e taea te tohe i te reira e ko tino ia he tangata e awe te akoranga o te hītori. whakaako ia te iwi ki te korero i roto i Russian i roto i tona tikanga hou.

Ētahi atu tau hītori

He pera maha e ki whakarārangi katoa i roto i te kotahi tuhinga kore e angitu. Tenei he tauira o te wahi iti o te feia faatere o Russian, e kua puta ke hītori. A e hia ake i reira he etahi? Tenei Gogol ko Dostoevsky ko Tolstoy. Ki te tātari tatou nga tuakiri ke, kia tuhia te reira philosopho tawhito Aristotle a Plato; Artist: Leonardo da Vinci, Picasso, Monet; geographers me te whenua discoverers: Magellan, Cook me Columbus; pūtaiao: Galileo ko Newton; kaitōrangapū: Thatcher, Kennedy me Hitler; He kaitito: Bell ko Edison.

Katoa o enei iwi i taea ki te tahuri rawa te ao huripokitia, ki te hanga i to ratou ake ture, me ngā āhuatanga pūtaiao. hanga etahi o ratou i te ao, he wahi pai, a te tangata kihai i tika whakangaromia. I roto i tetahi take, mohiotia o ratou ingoa ki te tangata katoa i runga i te whenua ao me ite e e kia tino rerekē, kahore enei mau taata i to tatou ora. Pānui i te haurongo o iwi rongonui, maha kitea tatou nga whakapakoko, ki e hiahia ana koe ki te tango i te tauira me te kia i roto i ona mahi katoa, me mahi.