Ko te tikanga matua o te germination uri

Ko te kanorau o ngā kaiao ora me te āhuatanga o ratou koiora hanganga me te ora ako. Ngā Germination whakaaro tona peka i huaina huaota, e hanga, ngā te wāhanga - te tipu whaiaroaro. Major āhuatanga e tika ana mō te germination purapura - ko te pāmahana tino arotau, makuku, uru noa o te rangi, he nui rawaka o ngā matūkai mō te whanaketanga kukune, me te te aratau māramatanga. Ka ratou e kōrero i raro nei.

He aha ngā āhuatanga e tika ana mō te germination uri

Uri i hanga i te tupuranga uri, a hanga e Angiospermae rite ki te hua o te kikiritanga rua, tuwhera i roto i te 1861 S. Navashin, puta tona germination i te wa ki te tae te tikanga arotau o te taiao, ka karanga āhuatanga abiotic. Te kukune i roto i roto i te purapura, me te arā o te pakiaka, me te rau ki haamata kakau embryonic ki te tupu, pakaru te cuticle uri te, a ka puta te pakiaka tuatahi o te uri. Kei te whakakaha te reira i roto i te oneone, me te tīmata takitahi u, wai, me ngā rongoā o tai kohuke, faufaa mo te whanaketanga atu o te ira.

I tua atu ki enei matū, mo te germination purapura, me te tupu e tika ana matū organic pērā i māngaro, pūmua me te ngako. riro ratou i te ira i cotyledons (y ranei otaota dicotyledonous, pērā i te pī, kūkamo, tōmato, te kāpeti), ranei atu tika i te hakari endosperm i roto i te purapura i roto i ngā tipu monocotyledonous (witi, raihi, rai). Ko te kupu, pai āhuatanga abiotic me te wātea o ngā matūkai - enei ko nga tikanga e tika ana mō te germination.

tikanga whaiaroaro o te germination uri

Ki te hoatu koe i roto i te mua o te mahi taua: Whakaahuatia te tūranga o te tikanga e tika ana mo te germination o purapura, he mea tika ki te tīmata ki te marama āhuatanga whaiaroaro o enei tukanga, pūtaiao whakamārama i te āhuatanga matua e tika ana mō te whanaketanga o te ira. Na, ka karanga germination o te purapura kei te te whakawhitinga i te okiokinga i runga ki te tupu vegetative o te ira, hanganga o te iroriki o reira.

Ko te purapura o te tahi mau tipu taea whakarau tonu tata ranei i muri i te paari. He maha ngā momo rākau, hei tauira, i roto i gymnosperms - puruhi, te rimu, hita, me te nuinga o ngā tipu ngahere herbaceous, nga purapura i o te dormancy te wā roa, me te whakarau i muri anake 1-2 tau, neke atu rānei. Ko te tino nui tenei wā wā. Ko te kupu, nga otaota o hitahita ahopae germination whakaongaongatia e pāmahana hotoke iti. he take taiao pērā, pērā i te rama, e kore e whai tonu i te pānga i runga i nga tikanga o te germination uri, kia rite ki te nuinga o ratou te whakawhanake i roto i te pouri.

Ko te uara o te pāmahana tino arotau

Ko te tikanga tino nui o te germination uri - he āhuatanga abiotic pai, tae atu ki te pāmahana rite tetahi o nga mahi matua. I roto i ngā tipu agronomic Whakaröpütia rite matao-ātete, me te wera-aroha. E pā ana taua pārōnaki ki te purapura. Etahi, pērā i purapura kāroti me te rētihi, aniana, e tipuria ana i iti pāmahana pai, etahi (paukena, tōmato, kukama) rapu i mahana te oneone te ki te pāmahana o te 10 - 12 nekehanga.

I roto i te ahuone maha whakamahi i te tikanga o te whakapai ake germination purapura, ratou mahana. Ka taea e koe te whakamahi i ngā pūrere hiko, me te purapura o te tipu whānau Cucurbitaceae: kukama, kamokamo, te merengi, ngā rekiumu (pini, pī, soybeans) haurangi i roto i te wai ki te pāmahana o te 35-45 ° C, ka hauhautanga me maroke. Whakawera i te purapura mo tetahi e rua ranei wiki i mua i te whakatō i roto i te oneone whakanuia ana te pūngao o germination, te ārai i te roa o te otaota, faarahi hua.

Tūnga germination haumākū

Tonu ki te ako i te tikanga e hiahiatia ana mo te germination o purapura, ka arotahi ki te faufaa o te wai. Ko tōna aroaro i roto i te oneone whakarato he tukanga o ngawhatanga o te koti uri, te faaitoitoraa o te māngaro paparetanga. tīmata tukanga germination whaiaro ki waiwai purapura rōrahi nui o te wai e rere tika ki te kukune. kaha mimiti Ko tōna pūtau te kūhuka i, me te timata ki te wehe tere, e whakatairanga te tupu o te pakiaka embryonic. Hei tauira, mimiti pīti purapura wai i roto i te 1.2 wa tona taimaha, me clover - 1.5. I roto i te whare tūmataiti whakamahia whānuitia tikanga o waiwai nga purapura i roto i te wai, whakatutuki germination te pakiaka embryonic.

Ko te pānga o te hāora i runga i te whanaketanga o te purapura

Whakaaro i te tikanga matua mō te germination uri, mōhio tatou te hiahia mō te whai wāhi noa o te rangi, whakamahia nei te ki te whakarite e nga tukanga o manawa kaha o purapura makuku. I roto i te ahuwhenua, te maha whakamahia koropupū o: te ranu te purapura i roto i te wai i raro i te mana o te hāora rangi ranei tukua i te compressor. Nuinga o ngā wā koropupūhia purapura ki kaha iti (kāreti, uhitea, aniana).

He aha te mea hangarau EM?

Ki te tahuri tatou ki agrarians nāianei ki te tono ki te whakatau i nga tikanga germination o te purapura, i roto i te whakautu, i roto i te tua ki te āhuatanga abiotic mohiotia katoa, ka rongo matou i te tono ki te whakamahi i āpiha koiora, pērā i "Baikal EM-1", kei roto lactic waikawa, huakita photosynthetic me harore, pērā i rewena. I roto i tenei otinga tarukino haurangi rite mō te whakatō purapura mo 2-3 haora. Tenei hangarau whakaihiihi ana te tukanga tupu me haapuai te pūngao o te germination purapura, a ka whakanuia ana hoki te wātea i te mate o otaota ki pests, me whakanuia ana te tukua.

scarification o purapura

Hei whakaaro ki nga tikanga katoa o germination o te purapura, he mea e tika ana ki te noho i runga i tenei tikanga kia rite ki scarification (kino tāwhaiwhai ki te koti uri i te ringa). Hoki tenei whakaaro, he ranunga o purapura ki makaka onepu whakarewa ranei kotakota. No te mea huri pakaru testa. hohoro tenei tikanga ki te kukune whiwhi hiahiatia mo te germination o te purapura te wai.

purapura pelleting

Ko te aroaro o rawaka ngā matūkai - he condition nui mō te germination uri, rawa te hunga e whai i te rahi iti, a ko te kupu i te rakau iti o ratou ake ngā matūkai. Seeds o tōmato, riki, kāreti, kāpeti drazhiruyut, i.e. pani ki te apa o matū nutritive waro piri ki te uri whakamahi otinga māngaro - ranei whakapiri o mullein korari. I mua i pelleting purapura tukuoro, kua kōmaka e, mahue i te puka nui me tika te nuinga. Tenei tikanga o awe nga tikanga o germination purapura, whakatairanga me whakarei ake ratou koroheketanga germination.

I roto i tenei tuhinga, i kitea nga tikanga matua o te germination uri, ara haumākū, tino pai te pāmahana, i runga i nga momo tipu me ngā momo rānei, te aroaro o te hāora i roto i te rangi, me te i roto i te oneone, he supply tika o ngā matūkai mo te whanaketanga o te ira, me te hou ara o ngā āhuatanga whakapai ake mō te germination uri .