Kohuke me o ratou āhuatanga. Ko te whakamahi o ngā kohuke

He E nui ki matū tangata maha putunga tūturu. Ko nga rauemi e te hunga exhaustible me e kia tiakina. Te kore ratou whanaketanga me te hanga o maha ngā āhuatanga o te ora e kia tino uaua.

Kohuke me o ratou āhuatanga - ko reira te ahanoa me kaupapa o te ako Geology Mining. Ko nga hua o tona whakamahia i muri hoki tukatuka me te hanga o te mea maha.

Kohuke me o ratou āhuatanga

He aha te tikanga i huaina kohuke? He toka ranei hanganga kohuke, e whai he auraa ōhanga motu nui, me te e whakamahia whānuitia i roto i te ahumahi enei.

Ko te kanorau o ratou nui, na nga āhuatanga mō ia motuhake. He maha ngā kōwhiringa taketake ngä nohanga o te matū i roto i te āhua:

• placers;
• ngā;
• waea;
• rakau;
• kohanga.

Ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te whakahörapatanga whānui o ngā rauemi, ka taea e tatou e wehewehe:

• te kawanatanga;
• ngā wāhi;
• puna kaukau;
• mara.

Kohuke me o ratou āhuatanga whakawhirinaki i runga i te momo motuhake o te rauemi raw. Ko tenei takoto me te rohe o te whakamahi tangata, me te tikanga o te tangohanga, me te tukatuka.

Puka o ngā kohuke

e kore te mea i reira te whakarōpū o te rauemi whakaaro. Na, ki te mea e hāngai ana i runga i nga tohu o te āhua o te whakawhāititanga, te tuku taua momo.

1. Whaihua matatoka mārō. Tauira: mapere, te tote, ofa'i, tokahuke whakarewa, nonmetallic.
2. Wai - te wai kohuke raro, me te hinu.
3. Gas - hau māori, haumāmā.

Ki te te pūtake o te wehenga i runga i te momo o te whakamahi o ngā rauemi kohuke, i te whakarōpū e te puka e whai ake.

1. Combustible. Tauira: te hinu, te hinu tokauku, waro, te mewaro me etahi atu.
2. Ore ngiha ranei. Tauira: rauemi katoa whakarewa-ore raw, me te papa kiripaka me te graphite.
3. Nonmetallic. Tauira: rauemi raw katoa kei roto kahore konganuku (paru, onepu, taioma, onepu, me ētahi atu), me ngā tai.
4. Mihiwai. Tauira o utu nui, me te āhua-utu nui, me te kohatu utu nui (taimana, te hapira, rupi, emerara, jade, karakeroni, rikuri, sard, me ētahi atu).

Vauvauhia e te kanorau ko reira kitea ai te kohuke me ratou āhuatanga - ko reira te ao katoa e tūhura ana i te maha nui o tohunga pūtaiao me kaikeri tohunga.

Ko te putunga matua

E tohaina ngā rauemi kohuke Various (kohuke) tika whakanoho puta noa i te ao kia rite ki ngā āhuatanga arowhenua. Oia mau te wahi nui o ratou, i hanga e te tūāpapa o nekehanga nekeneke me ngā hū. He maha ngā fenua nui, e te hunga tino taonga i roto i tata momo katoa o ngā rauemi mata. Ko ratou:

• Te Tai Tokerau ko Amerika ki te Tonga.
• Eurasia.
• Africa.

whenua katoa e kua kei roto i ngā wāhi whakaritea, whānui te whakamahi o ngā rauemi māori, me o ratou āhuatanga. I roto i te rohe taua, te wahi ona rauemi raw reira, he tāwāhi.

Ko te tikanga, o te akoranga, uaua ki te tautuhi i te mahere noa o putunga o ngā rauemi kohuke. Te reira i katoa tei runga i te momo motuhake o te rauemi raw. Ko tētahi o te utu tino e utu nui (kei roto konganuku utu nui) kohuke. Gold, hei tauira, ko nga wahi katoa anake Europe (fenua, me Ahitereiria i runga). Reira te tino whakanuia, me tona production - tetahi o nga ari tino noa i roto i te maina.

Tino taonga i roto i ngā rauemi wahie ko Eurasia. He noa kohuke Mining (talc, barytes, kaolin, pākeho, quartzite, apatite, te tote) tata nga wahi katoa i roto i ngā tau nui.

Mining me kōhatu

I roto i te tikanga ki te tango i te kohuke, me te ki te faaineine no te te whakamahi o ngā tikanga rerekē e whakamahia.

1. Open ara. tangohia tika rauemi raw te tika i te whakapakoko. Neke atu i te wa, arata'i tenei ki te hanganga o awaawa nui, na e kore e he reira ngawari ki te taiao.
2. tikanga Mining - he tika ake, engari te utu.
3. tikanga puna o te kutētē hinu.
4. Ko te tikanga köurarangi.
5. tikanga tukatuka ore Geotechnological.

Mining - Ko he tukanga nui, me te tika, Heoi, arata'i ki hopearaa tino Kāore tenei. I muri rauemi exhaustible. Na reira, i roto i nga tau tata e kore ko te aronga i runga i te tangohanga tauine nui o ngā rauemi kohuke, ara ratou whakamahinga atu tika, me te kouma o te tangata.

Ore (magmatic) toka

Kei roto i tēnei rōpū i te nui tino me nui i roto i ngā o te maina. Ore - Ko reira te hanganga o te natura kohuke, e kei te nui e te whakarewa e hiahiatia ana (atu wähanga) ranei.

E huaina Places o whakaputa me te tukatuka o te rauemi raw maina. Whakarōpū taea toka ngiha e i roto i wha ngā rōpū:

• konganuku ferrous ;
• tae;
• pai;
• wāhanga konganuku-kore.

Ko te tahi mau hi'oraa o rauemi kohuke ore enei.

1. ore konupora.
2. Iron.
3. Konukōreko.
4. Argentia.
5. Cassiterite.
6. Beryl.
7. Bornite.
8. Chalcopyrite.
9. Uraninite.
10. Papa kiripaka.
11. Graphite me ētahi atu.

Gold - ore kohuke

E i roto i ore me ngā kohuke motuhake. Gold, hei tauira. i hāngai mai i nga wa onamata tona production, rite reira kua tonu kua tino wāriutia e te iwi. I teie mahana, keri koura te ka horoia tata whenua katoa i roto i te rohe o e reira te mea i te iti rawa, he iti o ona putunga.

I roto i te natura, i kitea te koura i roto i te puka o matūriki taketake. Ko te ingots parahi nui kitea i roto i Ahitereiria taimaha tata 70 kg awa. E mea pinepine, e tika ana ki te huarere, a horo putunga i hanga putunga o purapura onepu i te puka o te whakarewa utu nui.

Mai i taua ranunga e tangohia reira papamuka e me te sieving. I roto i te whānui, ehara i te mea noa rawa me whakaemi kohuke ihirangi. Kei te reira i huaina koura he konganuku utu nui, me te pai.

Pokapū mo te tangohanga o te kohuke ore e:

• Russia.
• Canada.
• Āwherika ki te Tonga.
• Ahitereiria.

kora

Tenei rōpū ngā taua rauemi kohuke rite:

• lignite ;
• hinu;
• hau (mewaro, haumāmā);
• waro.

Ko te whakamahi o ngā kohuke o tenei ahua - he wahie, me te rauemi raw mō ngā pūhui matū me matū.

Coal - ko tenei matatoka, e takoto i te hohonu āhua pāpaku o ngā papa whānui. iti Ko tōna nui te ki kotahi mara ngā. Na reira, ka pau tetahi poka, e neke iwi ki te muri. I roto i te whānui, kei waro ki runga ki te 97% waro i roto i te puka parakore. Mua i hanga e te reira, hua i roto i mate tamping me huawhenua toenga organic. Kua roa ēnei tukanga mirioni o tau, na te nui nui i runga i te ao, ko te nei rāhui waro.

Oil huaina rerekē koura wai, e Tāraro pehea nui ko reira he rauemi kohuke. I muri i te katoa, te puna matua o te kora matatoka-kounga tiketike, me te ona ngā wāhanga - te turanga rauemi raw mō whāiti matū. Feia faatere i roto i te hinu he whenua pēnei i:

• Russia.
• US.
• Algeria;
• Mexico.
• Indonesia.
• Venezuela.
• Ripia.

hau Natural, i te mea he ranunga o waiwaro haurehu waihā, he reira ano hoki he wahie ahumahi nui. E pā ana te reira ki te rauemi raw cheap, na te rawa whakamahia ai i runga i te tauine nui. Whenua ārahi i roto i te hanga - Russia me Hauti Arapia.

Konganuku konganuku-kore ranei momo

Tenei rōpū ngā taua kohuke me toka, pērā i:

• paru;
• tioka;
• onepu;
• pōhatu;
• kirikiri;
• kirikiri;
• talc;
• kaolin;
• barite;
• graphite;
• taimana;
• kiripaka;
• apatite;
• ūkuikui me ētahi atu.

Ka taea te whakarōpū ngā momo katoa ki te maha ngā rōpū rite ki te rohe o te whakamahi.

1. Mining me ngā ōpapa matū.
2. rauemi raw Metallurgical.
3. tioata Hangarau.
4. rauemi Construction.

Kei te maha tenei rōpū tuku kohuke me kohatu. Ko te whakamahi o ngā kohuke maitai-kore āhua matamaha me whānui. He ahuwhenua (maniua), hanga (rauemi), rewa karaihe, whakapaipai, taputapu, production obschehimicheskoe, peita production, me te pera i runga i enei.