Laszlo Biro - te ihi o te pene pura

Tino maha, hoatu te tenenga ko te ingoa o tona kaituhi. He he rota o tauira: "Citroen" me "Porsche", me te hurihuri Colt, Biro ko Parker. Engari mutu! e kore te mea "Biro" kupu i roto i te Russian. Otiia he reira i roto i te reo Ingarihi. I roto i Aotearoa, Ahitereiria, me te biro huaina kupu UK ko inaianei te mea tuhituhi tino noa - te pene pura. Na mea whakaaro Laszlo Biro reira. I roto i tenei tuhinga, ka tapaea e matou he haurongo poto o te ma'imi.

mahi Ko te tuatahi

whanau Laslo Yozef Biro i roto i 1899 i roto i Budapest. , Mahi papa o te tamaiti, Matias rite te niho. whakaaro katoa e ka haere Laszlo i ona hikoinga. A pono, i muri i tu'ite tomo Biro te Medical Faculty. Engari tu'ite te tangata taitamariki, me te kore i riro.

Hoki te ia mahi Laszlo rotu, a ka tangohia e te mahi i te kamupene mō te hanga o ngā hua hinu. I muri oho ia ki te waitohu hou, engari rongonui ka ao - racing. Fakataha ki he hoa, he mea whakaaro noa Biro te tuku aunoa. I muri, kua riro he ārai mō te tenenga te kamupene American "Motors General", na kahore tetahi i taea ki te ite i te reira. Ko reira he ahua o te āhukahuka o te meka i ko te tangata taitama i te matenga o nga pokohiwi!

ngā mahi kairīpoata

Otiia tonu Laszlo Biro ki te rapu ratou, a te mutunga ka he kairīpoata i roto i tona ake whenua. I te wa, ka whakaaro Budapest te whakapaipai tuarua o Austria-Hungary. Kei te whai wāhi mātātoa ia i roto i te iwi mo te taitara ki te pa tino ataahua o Vienna. Ahakoa ki te whakataetae riro a rahua, engari kei te tino fana'o Budapest.

He aha pae hopea tupu? ka Budapest wera atu porowini i roto i Vienna - kororia emepaea, me te pakeke. I roto i Budapest i reira ko te operetta i Vienna - opera. I roto i Budapest café haere mai matou ki te mahi me te whakawhanaunga. Ko te Vienna - ki huatau kai kai reka.

Whakatikaina maha niupepa pa Laszlo utu: nohoia wharekai tata. Here te ētita i whakaritea hoki he tau hou, a ka kua tuhituhia kairīpoata tuhinga, me te matapaki i ngā kaupapa o nāianei. Ko roto i te kairīpoata cafe kawea te "hiku" mo te rongo hou.

Te tīmatanga arahina e nūpepa Laszlo Biro "Hungary." I muri i tona katinga - putanga előtte. Noatia, ko te taputapu mahi matua o te hero o tenei tuhinga ki te hapai i. Na noho ona āhuatanga tawhiti rawa i tino.

tenenga

Ārahi kairīpoata o taua wa whakamahia Parker - capillary pene puna. Ko te mea tino utu me te mātanga tuhituhi. Otiia i nga āhuatanga Parkers hakari: rānei ratou e kore e waiho te wahi i runga i te pepa, turuturu ranei.

I Laszlo i ahau he teina ko György, riro mātauranga matū. ka korerotia e ia ki te aito o tenei tuhinga i roto i Parker waituhi wai rawa. Ko te aha ratou puta. Hoki te take taua, maroke te mangumangu i runga i te pepa mo te wa roa. E ai ki György, te inu tino arotau mō te tohutohutia kakau - he waituhi.

ka mau Laszlo te tohutohu o whanaunga, engari rahua te whakamātautau. Ko te tino matotoru te waituhi, me te e kore e turuturu ki te pepa i te mahara. Kua whakaaro Biro, a faaoti ki te hanga i te kōpuku ariki kakau he capillary ngongo. i te whakatuwheratanga a tetahi mutunga o taua mea, a e kore e te mangumangu rere atu e tika ana ki tona te kōngohe. I te tahi atu taha o te capillary i eke stylus rite te pōro maitai iti. I roto i te kaupapa o te pepa i koané reira, ka kawea apa peita. Heoi whakaaro Laszlo Biro te pene pura. A te pai taua mea i tuhituhia!

I runga i te maramataka i te reira i roto i te tau 1938. riro Laszlo Biro Pene Pura te ārai i Hungary. i muri tonu i taua, i te ma'imi ki te haere ki reira. i tika ki whaia e te kāwanatanga Fascist o Horthy te kaupapa here tenei. Tenei "pana" o Hurai katoa i te whenua. Laszlo, me ki oho tona whānau ki Paris. Just i roto i te pane a French hokona e ia tona raihana tuatahi mo te hanga o ngā pene. Na ko e anake te timatanga.

ārai Parata

Pea ka mea he ke, engari i whakaritea te hanga papatipu tuatahi o ngā pene pura cheap i te ahumahi rererangi Ingarangi. I kaiwhakatere teitei tiketike kore i taea te whakamahi pene puna. A ki te whakamahi i te mangumangu e ngaropoina ana i te hopoia wairangi. Ko te kupu, i hanga production papatipu te pene pura taputapu tuhituhi iti rawa utu.

Laszlo Biro i poto i roto i Paris. I muri i te whakaekenga o nga kau Nasí tona whānau katoa oho ki Argentina. I roto i te raumati o 1943 kua riro te hero o tenei tuhinga i roto i tenei whenua i te ārai mo tona tenenga. Na ka whakaturia László he wheketere mo te hanga o kakau Eterpen. I roto i te tau i hokona Biro 7 miriona waeine o ona hua.

Ko kua tenei angitu arumoni kua rohe. A, no te faaoti i te ma'imi ki te tomo i te mākete US, ako ahau o te oraraa i reira o ona puku orotahi. Ko te meka tae mai e kua he anaanatae American Argentina. ka mohio ia te pūmanawa arumoni nui o te tenenga, me, i runga i hoki mai te kāinga, tonu arai reira i roto i tona ingoa. Te āhua e ngaro i te mākete US mo Biro ake ake.

Marcel Bish me tona "Crystal"

Otiia tahuri mea katoa i roto i rerekē! I muri i te pene Tuarua o te Ao Laszlo ki te ringa o te kaipakihi Marcel Bisha. faaoti ia ki te whai wāhi i roto i te hanga o te tuhituhi mea, a hanga ana he wheketere e tata ana Paris. I roto i te 1950, riro Marcel ārai Laszlo Biro. Pene pene i tino pai ake Bisch.

faaoti te kaipakihi ki te whakamahi i whakamahia i roto i te tikanga tukatuka whakarewa Swiss. He pera ana ki te nui rawa o te tika, ki raro, ki haurau o te mirimita. Ko rite iti rite 1 mm te diameter o te pōro hou. tukua tenei te pene ki te tuhituhi kikokore ka e kore e waiho smudges i runga i te pepa.

ara ka haere ake Bish ki te ingoa o te tenenga, he pai ake - "Crystal". I roto i te 1950, ka timata France te hanga papatipu o ngā pene i raro i tenei waitohu. Waru tau i muri mai, ka awhina Marseille tona tenenga o te ārai US, a whakaturia te Bic kamupene American. Kua whakaputaina e te kamupene he cheap pene pura tuku i kirihou marama. Neke atu i te wa, turakina ratou i te kainga hokohoko, e rave rahi o te mea tuhituhi. Ko tonu kamupene Bic me te tokomaha tetahi i roto i te hanga me te hoko o ngā pene te ao.

mutunga

Ka rite ki hoki Laszlo Biro, ka Argentina tuarua tona whare. I roto i te whenua Spanish-korero, ara ke e ia tona ingoa ko ki te Hungarian Ladislav. I roto i Buenos Aires, i ora ai Biro noa tona mate i roto i te tau 1985. He 29 Mahuru (huritau Laszlo) ka hararei motu o Argentina - te ra o te ma'imi.