Observatory Greenwich (London)

Greenwich Observatory, he hunga kakahu i te wa roa i te mana o "kingi" kua riro te whakahaere arorangi nui, i roto i Ingarangi e kore anake, engari ano hoki i roto i te ao.

Ko te initiator o tona hanganga ko Charles II. Ko nui te whakaaro matua o te whakamārama ki kaiwhakatere o taunga matawhenua. meinga maha paki taunakitanga e pā ana ki te wāhi o ngā wāhi matawhenua mate o kaipuke, me te ara te mate.

i mahara Greenwich Observatory ki hei te huānga tino whakakotahi ki e taea e nga heramana whakawhirinaki i runga i. whakaaetia te raraunga i kohia, ka tukatukatia te ki kia māmā ake ki te whakatere i te nui o nga moana, me ngā moana, me te ki te kitea he ara, ara ka peka koe atu akoranga.

Ko te pūtake o te inenga whakaturia ahopou - matawhenua taunga whakamahia mō te tātai i te tawhiti i waenganui i te wāhi me tetahi atu tangata te kimi i te wāhi motuhake.

kihai i uaua te tātai o te ahopou i runga i te whenua - i puta kua rūri mea whakatangi. Ko te moana (moana ranei) te whakamahi i ngā tikanga tikanga e kore e taea, no te mea kahore e nga taonga motuhake whakanohoia ki runga ki te mata wai. He tikanga pono o te whakatau ahopou i roto i te moana e kore i te tīariari noa te rau tau tekau ma waru.

Ingarangi, he mana moana, kei te kaha te titiro mō ngā huarahi ki te whakatau i te ahopou kei roto i te whanuitanga tuwhera o te wai.

O te akoranga, ko reira taea ki te te whakatere rite i mua, i te whetu. Otiia ko tenei mārama e kore e nui. Ae, me enei taumata i te ra kapua i roto i te rupehu kihai i mahi.

I te 1675 (Maehe) Charles II e whakaturia ana John Flamsteed arorangi Royal. Ko te taitama minita-tau 28-tau, ā, e ārahi: "... ki itoito motuhake, me te tiaki ki te tango ake i te houhanga rongo tepu rangi nekehanga me te tūranga o te marama, me te ki te whakapai ake i te toi o te whakatere ...".

I roto i te taua tau (i roto i te Maehe), te Observatory Greenwich whiwhi ki raro ki te mahi. Kua whakaputaina te hua kitea i roto i te tuatahi "Marine Almanac" i muri i rua anake nga tau i muri i te tīmatanga o te mātakitaki.

Ko te mahi rahi kawea atu i roto i te Observatory Greenwich, mooni porotēteke moana whakatere me homai te UK te whai wāhi ki te riro i te taupatupatu nui o te moana kāri (te moana-haerenga).

Heoi, kua tonu maha whenua ki te whakamahi i to ratou pūnaha ake o te inenga o te ahopou.

arotahi Italy i runga i te afaraa i roto i Naples, Switzerland - i roto i Stockholm, Spain - Ferro i France - i roto i Paris. Otiia ko kitea te hiahia mo te pūnaha wa noa tohutoro o te ao, me te ahopou.

I roto i tenei whakaaro, ka whakaritea e te reira ki te whakarite i tētahi Conference International (1884). Hoki te katoa marama i taea ki te tae te ngāwari te māngai o rua tekau-rima whenua. I roto i te mutunga, ka he wāhi tohutoro o Greenwich i Rānana, i teie nei rite te mohiotia afaraa Greenwich. faaoti Ahopou ki whanganga i te rua ngā tohutohu - pai (ahopou rawhiti) me tōraro (uru).

Street rama i roto i Rānana kua riro ki te 1930 he kanapa, a ka whai-ake atu kihai i kua taea o whetu i roto i te tikanga o mua. oho Greenwich Observatory ki Herstmonceux (Sussex County, 70 km i te wahi o te wāhi Observatory o mua). haere te toe rōpū o whare ki te National Maritime Museum. I roto i te 1990, i arorangi ki te neke ano, tenei wa i roto i Cambridge. I 1998, i kati te Observatory Greenwich (Royal).