Pani peita: momo me ngā huarahi ki te tono

whakamahia peita paninga te i tenei ra i roto i te maha ngā wāhi rerekē, no te mea kei te āhuatanga reira e maha painga. Ko tētahi o nga tikanga matua mō te whakarite katoa o enei painga ko te whakamahi tika, me e he aha e mea faufaa ki te mohio he aha enei coatings, rite ratou e tika tono.

He aha te mea te reira?

Ko te peita paninga tohu te rauemi kiriata peita i hanga takoto i runga i te mata etahi. Ka taea te hua te reira i runga i ngā rauemi. Ko te tukanga rawa taua matū e ai te paninga peita i hanga, ngā, matua, whakamaroke, a ka ki te whakaoti i te solidification o te rauemi tono.

Ko te mahi matua o enei coatings ko ki te whakarato tiaki tōtika i tetahi kino, me tetahi papa'oatu he ahua ātaahua, tae me te kakano.

momo

Tei runga i te āhuatanga mahi peita kia kotahi o nga momo e whai ake nei: parewai, te hinu-ātete, tiaki weather-ātete, wera-ātete, matū ātete,, hiko, me te whakaaro motuhake. Ko te whakamutunga ngā te momoroto e whai ake nei:

• Antifouling peita (GOST P 51164-98, me ētahi atu) ko te rauemi taketake i roto i te ahumahi kaipuke. Ki faaore te reira i te mōrea o fouling o ngā wāhanga raro o kaipuke, me te momo katoa o ngā hanganga waipēhi tetahi pükohu, barnacles, microorganisms ranei ētahi atu matū.
• Huritao peita paninga (GOST P 41.104-2002 me ētahi atu). He te kaha ki te luminescence i te rohe kitea o te tūāwhiorangi i te aroaro o te rongo ki te radiation, marama.
• Temperature-tairongo. Tukua ki a koe te huri i te wherikotanga tae ranei o te marama i roto i te aroaro o te pāmahana ngā.
• retardants mura, retardant mura nei ārai aukati i te taea o te rongo ki pāmahana teitei tiakina mata ranei.
• Antinoise. Whakarato tiaki ki te kătahi o ngaru oro i roto i te mata.

Tei runga i te ahua o te peita kia no ki tetahi o nga akomanga e whitu, i ia o nei he hanganga ahurei me te āhua matū o te kiriata o mua.

rauemi

faaoti Tapeke ki te whakamahi i te maha ngā momo o ngā rauemi, e hāngai ana i runga i:

• kirihou rewarau kiriata formers;
• rewatau kiriata mua;
• hinu huawhenua;
• hinu whakarerekē.

Kei te whānui coatings katoa whakarārangitia i runga ake whakamahia tenei ra i roto i tata katoa ao o te ōhanga motu, me te he tini i roto i te kāinga.

tatauranga

I roto i te ao e mahi ai i nga tau neke atu i te 100 miriona toni o rauemi peita me te wanihi, ki neke atu i te whakamahia hawhe o te katoa o tenei moni i roto i te mara o te engineering aunoa, i whakamahia te hauwhā i roto i te hanganga me te hanga.

Hoki te hanga o coatings, e ka whakamahia i roto i te whakapaipai, te whakamahi i te hangarau production tino māmā, e te nuinga whai wāhi te whakamahi rite te pūtake o taua āpiha kiriata-hanga kia rite ki ahau mongamonga wai o polyvinyl tāpia, casein, acrylics me ētahi atu wāhanga rite i runga i te karaihe wai.

Pai io te nuinga o te wā, kua whakaputaina e te faaohiparaa i te rauemi motuhake i roto i ngā papa maha, reira whakatutuki i te teitei mahi haumaru taea o te mata tiaki taua coatings. Fele, awhe ratou matotoru i 3 ki te 30 microns, ai tika ki taua taumata iti makona kaha raruraru matotoru faaotiraa peita i roto i te taiao kāinga, te wahi i reira he kore taea ki te whakamahi i mea motuhake.

coatings motuhake

Hei whiwhi i te paninga paruru maha-apa, i hanga ki te tono maha o ngā paparanga o te rauemi o ngā momo rerekē, me ia paparanga he mahi motuhake.

tono Pūrere mō te whakamātautau peita kiriata e i roto i te tikanga ki te manatoko i te āhuatanga o te papanga raro pērā i te whakarato tiaki tuatahi, adhesion ki te tïpako, retardation te waikura iahiko me ētahi atu.

Ko te paninga i whakarato mōrahi haumarutanga āhuatanga Me uru maha matua papa:

• putty;
• tämata;
• paparanga Phosphate;
• i tetahi ki te e toru ngā paparanga o te tohu.

I roto i ētahi wā, ki te te paninga peita ki te manatoko i te pūrere whakakitea ai atu e tono uara raruraru wanihi, ai ngā āhuatanga pai ake paruru me te etahi whakapaipai. I roto i te faaineineraa o te paninga kararehe mārama haere tono tika ki te mata o nga oko, e kua hiahiatia ki te whakarato i te tiaki mōrahi.

hanga

Te tukanga hangarau, e kua whiwhi mā coatings matatini, ngā whakawhitinga rerekē e rave rahi tatini e pā ana ki te puea faaineineraa, waipara rauemi peita, whakamaroke, me te mau ana i roto i te tukatuka takawaenga.

Tīpakonga o te tukanga ngā he tika ti'aturi runga te momo o ngā rauemi i whakamahia, me nga tikanga whakahaere o te mata iho. I tua atu, e te reira ki pūkete te āhua me te rahi o te ahanoa ki nei e tono ratou. Ko te kounga o te faaineineraa mata mua ki te tono peita, me te kōwhiringa tika o te peita whakamahia tino whakatau i te kaha piripiri o te rauemi, me te tona mauroa.

faaineineraa Mata ngā horoi ki te taputapu ringa ranei te mana, koperea ngingio ranei sandblasting, me te tukatuka te whakamahi i ngā āpiha matū, e whai wāhi te raupapa o ngā mahi:

- degreasing mata. Hei tauira, pā tenei ki te rongoā motuhake tukatuka waiwai ranunga ranei e ngā surfactants me ētahi atu tāpiritanga, whakarewa organic ranei whakaehunga motuhake kei roto i tona wai hanganga me te whakarewa organic.

- waikawa. Whakaotia tango o te waikura, tauine, me ētahi atu hua waikura i te mata ki te kia tiakina. I roto i te nuinga rawa o ngā take, i mahi i tenei tukanga ko muri anake arowhai pehea kawea te paintwork motokā i roto i, ētahi atu hua ranei.

- Ko te tono o paparanga faafariuraa. kau te huri te reira i te natura taketake o te mata, me te te maha whakamahia ina e hiahia ana koe ki te waihanga i coatings matatini ki te ora ratonga roa. I roto i ngā, kei roto i tēnei te phosphating me hāora (i roto i nuinga o te wā, he tikanga pai o electrochemically i te pitoake).

- Hanganga o te whakarewa iti-papa. Kei roto i tēnei te konutea-whakakikorua me cadmium-whakakikorua (waiwai te whakamahi i te tikanga iahiko i runga i te pitoiho). Mata maimoatanga te whakamahi i ngā matū e te nuinga kawea atu na roto i te toua ringihia te hua tino otinga mahi i roto i te tae nekeneke tino aunoa mīhini ranei ranei. Ahakoa o nei momo o coatings e whakamahia, te whakamahi o āpiha matū taea ki te whakatutuki i te faaineineraa mata kounga teitei, engari tā tenei horoinga anō ki te wai wera, me te maroke i te mata.

Me pēhea te ki te tono coatings wai?

I muri e tīpakohia te rauemi e tika ana, me te whiriwhiri te kounga tirohia o te paninga te tikanga o te tono i te reira ki te mata, te wahi i reira e rave rahi:

• Manual. Kei te whakamahia te reira no te peita i te whānuitanga o ngā hua nui-rahi, me te mo te motu hanga me te tango o nga mea katoa o mea kohakore kāinga. E whakaaetia whānuitia ana ki te whakamahi i ngā hua peita whakamaroke tūturu.
• pukapuka. tono mīhini, e whakarato ana hoki te whakamahi o te pūnaha takai. Kei te whakamahia te reira mo ngā rauemi paninga hoki tuhinga flat pērā i films polymer, pepa, me te kararehe koru, pepa, pepa, me te tini ke atu.
• inkjet. kawea te workpiece i roto i roto i te "arai" motuhake o te rauemi e hāngai ana. Na roto o taua hangarau e taea te tono peita mīhini paninga, ngā taputapu whare, me te ara i te maha o ētahi atu hua, ki te wahi takitahi maha whakamahia pihi paninga, i roto i te nuinga tukatuka hua flat pērā i te whārangi whakarewa, me nga mea timatanga whakangungu rakau o te taonga, me te tahi atu .

He pai i roto i nuinga o te wā toua ka rere tikanga paninga ko reira noa ki te whakamahi i roto i te tikanga ki te tono ngā papa o peita i runga i te tuhinga kaunuku āhua he mata maeneene ki te tika ki te peita ia ratou i roto i te kotahi te tae. Hoki te faaineineraa o coatings he matotoru kākahu, kahore sagging stains ranei, i muri i te peita hua mo etahi wa i pupuri kohu whakarewa haere mai tika i te ruma whakamaroke. Tenei he mea nui ki te tautuhi i tika te matotoru o te paninga peita.

Toua ki te pati

paninga kararehe tikanga te pai puritia i runga i te mata i muri i nekehia atu te hua e i te pati i muri i mākū. Ki te whakaaro tatou i te rauemi wai-whanau, i reira te hanga whakamahi toua ki chemo-, hiko me te termoosazhdeniem. I roto i runga ki te tohu o te tiaki o te mata o nei tukinotia te, me rerekē anoforeticheskoe-pitoiho electrodeposition.

A, no te whakamahi i te hangarau pitoiho e whiwhi taua coatings e whai he ātete te waikura makona tiketike, i te nuinga o te hangarau whakamahi electrodeposition taea ki te whakatutuki i whai hua tiaki te waikura o ngā tapa me te kōpuku hua whakapeka rite te pai kia rite ki kōwhao ā-me mekameka. Anake te āhuatanga kino o tenei hangarau ko e te tono te reira i roto i tenei take anake i te paparanga kotahi o rauemi rite te paparanga tuatahi i te mea he insulator, ka aukati i electrodeposition muri. Hoki utu te tuhituhi ko te meka e taea te ngā tenei tikanga ki mua tono keke maiengi motuhake i hanga i te kiriata slurry mua.

A, no te whakamahia hemoosazhdenii rauemi manene peita tito o ngā hāora. I roto i to ratou taunekeneke ki te tïpako whakarewa i hanga ki runga i te kukū makona nui o ngā katote multivalent motuhake, e whakarato ana te coagulation whakamahia paparanga mata o te rauemi te.

I roto i te take o te whakamahi i termoosazhdeniya hohenga ka hanga i runga i te mata wera, me i roto i tenei āhuatanga patia he rauemi peita waterborne tāpiri motuhake ngaro memehatanga i roto i te take o te whakawera.

riringi

Kei te wehea hoki tenei hangarau i roto i te toru ngā momo matua:

• Whāhauhau. whai wāhi te reira i te whakamahi o tuari ā-aunoa ranei ki peita pistoletoobraznyh i te pāmahana ^o 20-85 C, e kua whangai i raro i te pēhanga teitei. Taupānga o tenei tikanga e faikehekehe hua makona tiketike, a ka āhei ki te whakatutuki i pai coatings te kounga peita ahakoa o nga papa puka.
• Waipēhi. kawea te reira i roto i raro i te pēhanga, hanga nei e te papu motuhake.
• Aerosol. cartridges whakamahia ki tonu i te propellant me peita. E ai ki GOST paintwork o waka me taea te tono mā te whakamahi i tenei tikanga, me i tua atu, kei te kaha te whakamahia te reira i roto i te peita o te taonga, me te ara he momo o te tahi atu hua.

Tino ngoikoretanga nui, e rerekē i roto i ngā tikanga katoa ngā runanga ko te aroaro o te parekura kaua nui o rauemi, rite aerosol ahakoa nga ventilation e mutu ai i runga i nga taiepa o te ruma me Tātari whakamahia. Me kï reira e taea te parekura i mapu tae 40%, e tohu ana he ahua pai nui.

Ki te whakaiti hopoia taua parekura, faaoti i te reira ki te whakamahi i te hangarau rehu i roto i te teitei-ngaohiko mara hiko motuhake. Matūriki o te rauemi e tika ana ki te rere kurahauao te whiwhi tiaki ranei o te utu whakapā, me ka takoto i runga i te hua peita, e i roto i tenei take kaimahi hei kawehiko o tohu ritenga. Mā te tenei tikanga pai i roto i nuinga o te wā i tangohia ki te tono ngā coatings multilayer i runga i te konganuku me papa ohie, i roto i nei, i roto i ngā, ka taea e tetahi wehewehe te rakau kirihou ranei ki te paninga conductive.

Me pēhea te ki te tono rauemi puehu?

Ka whakamahia e Tapeke toru tikanga taketake, e hanga tono o coatings i te puka o te paura:

• tauhiuhinga;
• riringi;
• waipara i roto i te moenga kūtere.

hangarau waipara maitai te nuinga he tikanga LMC ki te whakamahi i roto i te tukanga o ngā hua tae tika i runga i te raina production whakaminenga, reira i faateiteihia e te pāmahana paninga ātete i hanga rere kiritaki feunga nui me ngā āhuatanga hangarau.

Hoki e whiwhi coatings rōnaki e rauemi paninga kotahi-wā e Kei roto i te ranunga o puehu, mongamonga ranei rongoā, formers kiriata, e kore e āhuatanga e te hototahitanga thermodynamic. Ko te whakamutunga Kia delaminate-whaiaro i roto i te whakaetonga o te whakarewa noa, kiriata-hanga ki runga ki whakawera runga ake te pāmahana tukua ranei.

Nā ki te mākū, whiriwhiri o te kiriata tïpako tetahi mua whakarato te haamaitairaa o te paparanga mata o coatings, i te tuarua, i roto i te tahuri haafaufaa te raro. Ko te kupu, he hanganga paninga multilayer.

E tano ia tapao e te pai ake tonu te hangarau i roto i tenei rohe, ka whakarei, ia e wareware i te ara tawhito. I roto i ngā, i tenei peita paninga (pūnaha 55) i runga i te GOST 6572-82 kore pā ki te engines tukatuka, tarakihana me te tahuhu whaiaro-tīhokatia, ahakoa i mua i te tino noa tona whakamahi.

whakamaroke

kawea te whakamaroke o coatings tīpakongia i roto i te pāmahana i te 15 ^{ki te} 25 ° C, i roto i te take o te hangarau matao tūturu ranei, a kia kawea ai atu i pāmahana teitei mā te whakamahi i te "oumu" tikanga.

Natural hāngai i roto i te take o te peita i runga i rewarau kiriata whakamaroke nohopuku mua, me te hunga e whai hamanga here i roto i te rāpoi ngota, mā te whakamahi i rite hardeners makuku hāora ranei, pērā i polyurethane me alkyd resins. utu te tuhituhi hoki ko e tino maha puta te whakamaroke tūturu i roto i te take o ngā rauemi e rua-wae i roto i i kawea te whakamahi o te kaihoko haamărôraa e atu i mua ki te tono.

maha whakamana whakamaroke o ngā rauemi i roto i te ahumahi i te pāmahana o i 80 ki te ^{160 °} C, te paura, me etahi rauemi motuhake i te katoa me te taea te maroke i pāmahana ki runga ki te 320 ^C. Na te hanga taua tikanga e whakaratohia volatilization whakatere o te whakarewa, a ka kua kawea i roto i o ngā uwhi rewatau urupare hei tauira, alkyd-melamine, alkyd me resins phenol-formaldehyde.

kia whakauru i te tino rongonui hangarau rewatau paninga te whai ake:

• Convective. te tahu i te hua e te tikanga o komuhumuhu rangi wera.
• THERMORADIATIVE. whakamahia te radiation pōkākā te rite pūtake wera.
• Inductive. Hoki whakamaroke, whakanohoia te hua i roto i te mara hiko tauutuutu.

Ki te whiwhi coatings i runga i oligomers hamanga hanga ki te whakamahi i te hangarau rite rongoa ka whai wāhi ki te radiation hihi katinga irahiko whakatere ranei.

tukanga atu

I roto i te whakamaroke i reira ko te huinga o ngā tukanga matū, me te tinana e te mutunga arahi ki te hanganga o tino coatings peita. I roto i ngā, kei roto i tēnei tango o te wai me te whakarewa organic, mākū o te tïpako, me te polycondensation ranei polymerization, ki te he te reira i te kiriata urupare mua ki te hanga i waerau ripeka-hono.

Te hanga coatings i ngā rauemi paura kau rara hiahiatia matūriki rerekē o te kiriata o mua, me te te coalescence rūrūtia i hanga, me te tïpako mākū, ratou. Ko ia tapao e i roto i te tahi mau āhuatanga noa ki te whakamahi i waiariki haamărôraa hoki reira.

maimoatanga takawaenga

whakarato haerea tukatuka takawaenga:

• Huri mā te paparanga hiako auaha raro o te peita ki te tango i tetahi taonga ke, me te ki te hoatu he uhia me te whakapai ake i te adhesion i waenganui i nga papa maha.
• Te oro te whakapiri paparanga o runga ki te whakamahi o motuhake ki coatings whiwhi umeraa. Ka rite ki te tauira, kaupapa tae tukanga e kua whakamahia i roto i te tukatuka o tinana motokā me te ngā degreasing, phosphating, tautauā, whakamaroke, Priming me te whakaora i te mata aru e te faaohiparaa i te sealant, haruru me te hëoi tito, me te pupuri tonu he maha o te tahi atu ngā tukanga.

Ko te āhuatanga o te coatings whakatakotoria e te hanganga o te rauemi e whakamahia ana, me te rite te hanganga o te paninga iho.