Parau tumu o te mahi ABS. Antilock Braking ABS Pūnaha. He aha te mea te ABS i roto i te motokā?

He aha te mea te reira ABS (Antilock Brake Pūnaha), kaua ranei, me pehea ki te tika deciphered te acronym, kua mohiotia nei ki ngā atekōkiri maha, engari e he poraka, me te aha i meatia te tenei, anake mohio rawa pākiki. Na tenei ahakoa te meka e te tāuta i te pūnaha taua i teie nei i runga i te nuinga o waka e rua kawemai me te motu hua.

Kei te pā hāngai ABS ki te pūnaha braking o te motokā, i konei, te haumaru o te atekōkiri, ngā pāhihi, me te ara a tawhio noa katoa. Na reira, ki te mohio pehea te mahi i te reira, ka waiho te reira whai hua ki nga kaiarataki. Ko te tuatahi, ki te matau i te mahi o te ABS, e hiahia ana koe ki te matau he aha te tikanga o te reira ki "braking tika."

Ko te parau tumu o "braking tika"

Ki te mutu te motokā, kahore nui ki press wā te takahi wahia. I muri i te katoa, ki te i roto i te puku tere ki te wahia koi, e āraia me nga wira o te mīhini, ka kore hurihia me kiriata i runga i te ara. kia tupu te reira i e i raro i te mata potae katoa e kore e waiho te kākahu taua, na ngoki ana ratou e kia rerekē te tere, a ko te kino tenei. E kore te mīhini kia whakahaere a ka haere ki te tītī, e, i roto i te ngaro o ngā pūkenga o te atekōkiri, ka waiho reira uaua ki te whakahaere. A motokā haere noa - he mea he puna pea o te ati.

Heoi te mea matua i roto i te braking - e kore te reira uaua ki te maukati i te wira, ka haere ki te tītī whakakeke. Ki te mahi i tenei, i reira ko te whakapati ohie - braking taratahi. Hei kawe i te reira i roto i, e kore te mea e tika ana ki te pupuri i te teka wahia tonu te tumatatenga, a wā kia haere me te pēhi i te reira ano (me te mea wiri). e kore e tenei mahi mau rave'a ohie ngaro te mana o te atekōkiri motokā, no te mea e kore e tukua te reira i te takahi o potae ki te ngaro te umeraa.

Ko reira te mea ano hoki he take tangata kati - te atekōkiri i roto i te āhuatanga ohotata kia tika te tiki ngaro, me te wareware e pā ana ki te ture katoa. Here hoki ngā take pēnei i, a ka whakaaro e te ABS, ranei i roto i te ara i tetahi atu - pūnaha braking anti-raka.

He aha te ABS (ABS)

I roto i te whakamārama ohie, pūnaha ABS ko te kōwae electromechanical e mana tukanga whakapōturinga waka i roto i ngā āhuatanga uaua ara (te huka, ara mākū, me te pera i runga i. P.).

ABS - he kaiāwhina pai mo te atekōkiri, rawa he tīmatanga, engari e hiahia ana koe ki te matau e te reira anake tauturu i roto i te whakahaere i te mīhini, me te e kore e whakahaere i te reira, na whakawhirinaki i runga i "antiblock" e kore te mea e tika ana. Me ki te titiro koutou motokā, tona whanonga i runga i te ara, ka me pehea ki te faaohipa i te frein o te ABS, he aha te braking tawhiti i runga i ngā mata rerekē te kaiarataki. Tümanako, kia tenei kia tirohia i runga i te ara iahiko i whakatapua ki te karo raruraru atu i runga i tenei ara.

Te tahi mea rite, engari e kore e ABS

Ko te tikanga tuatahi, ko te pānga o i ko rite te parau tumu o te ABS, puta i te timatanga o te rau tau whakamutunga, engari e te tikanga e ratou mo te waka rererangi taunga taputapu. He rite, engari te pūnaha automotive, kua whakawhanakehia e te "Bosch", tenenga ārai i riro ratou i roto i te tau 1936. Heoi, te pūrere tino mahi tenei hangarau taea whakatinana anake ki te 60raa, ka nga Semiconductors tuatahi me rorohiko. Na ratou iho ki te hanga i tētahi tauira o te ABS, i roto i te tua ki te "Bosch", rapu noa "General Motors", "General Electric", "Lincoln", "Chrysler" me etahi atu.

Ko te frein motokā tuatahi

• I roto i te Hononga o Amerika, i te mea te ABS, kaua ranei, tona orotahi tata, ako nga rangatira "Lincoln" motokā i roto i te 1970. I tāuta te pūnaha aunoa, i timata te kamupene "Ford" Engineers ki te whakawhanake rite wawe rite 1954, ka i taea ki te "kawe ki te ngakau" ki te th 70 anake.
• Kua whakawhanakehia tētahi tikanga rite ki te ABS i roto i te UK he Electric General tahi ki Dunlop. Tamata i te reira i runga i te motokā hākinakina Jenssen FF, tupu te reira i roto i 1966.
• I roto i Europe, e pā ana ki te ariā o "pūnaha anti-raka o te motokā," ako Heinz roto Liberia, i tangohia e ake tona whanaketanga i roto i 1964, mahi hei kaipūkaha i Teldix GmbH, ka oti i roto i 1970, kei te mahi kē i runga i Diamler-Benz. Whakapumautia ratou whakamatauria ABS-1 i roto i te mahi tata ki Bosch. Bosch, i roto i te tahuri, kua hanga ona tonu ABS-2, i roto i 1978 tuatahi whakapumautia i runga i te "Mercedes" te W116, he tau torutoru i muri mai, me te BMW-7. Heoi, e tika ana ki te utu nui o te pūnaha braking hou, i whakamahia reira anake hei kōwhiringa.

timata tonu production rangatū o ngā waka ki "antiblock" i roto i te 1992. ka anga te reira ki te tāuta ratou hua etahi o nga automakers nui. A mai 2004, timata tenei pūnaha ki te pīkau i waka katoa e haere mai atu i te wheketere Pākehā nekeneke.

Elements o te pūnaha anti-raka

Takahi abs titiro kuware hoahoa me ngā te huānga e whai ake nei:

• he wae mana hiko.
• Pūoko whakahaere te tere.
• wae waipēhi.

Ko te kōwae mana (CU), i roto i te hono mo'oní, ko te "roro" o te pūnaha (rorohiko), a pehea te mahi i te reira, etahi mārama, engari i runga i te pūoko tere, me te wae waipēhi Me ki kōrero atu.

Ko te parau tumu whakahaere o te pūoko tere

Ko te mahi o te pūoko mana tere ko te pānga arataki hiko. Pōkai ki te matua autō te pu eke ki te hub wira (etahi tauira - he auri reducer puku).

eke te hub te he taputapu mowhiti tītaka tahi ki te wira. Huringa o te karauna e taui te tawhā o te papa autō, e tika ana ki te takanga o puranga hiko. Ko te nui o te nāianei, aua, tei runga i te tere wira. Na, i runga i ona utu rānei, hangaia he tohu e te tuku nei ki te wae mana.

wae waipēhi

wae waipēhi ngā:

• E hangaia vaolo Solenoid e he wehewehe i te kokoru me putanga ki te whakatika i te pēhanga hangaia i roto i te ipurau wahia o te waka. Tau o takirua piha i runga i te momo o ngā pereki rānei.
• Te papu (ki te taea o te kai whakamuri) - papu pēhanga e hiahiatia ana i roto i te pūnaha, te kai i te wai wahia i te accumulator, a te tīpako reira hoki ka tika.
• Accumulator - rokiroki mō te wahia inu.

ABS, mahi parau tumu

E toru ngā wāhanga matua o te ABS:

1. te tauturu Pressure i roto i te puoto wahia.
2. pēhanga tamau i roto i te puoto.
3. Te whakanui ake i te pēhanga i roto i te puoto wahia ki te taumata e hiahiatia ana.

Tuatahi o te katoa, kia tuhia te reira e te wae waipēhi ngātahi i roto i te motokā i roto i te pūnaha braking wā, tika i muri te puoto wahia matua. He vaolo solenoid ko te ahua o te piha, te tuwhera me te katinga o te whai wāhi wai ki te ipurau wahia wira.

puritia Operation me te mana o te pūnaha waka braking te, i roto i te runga ki raraunga whiwhi i te wae mana pūoko tere ABS.

I muri i te tīmatanga o te braking ABS pānui te pānui i te pūoko wira, me te tere waka āta heke. Ki te mutu etahi o nga wira (kiriata runga), tere pūoko ka tukua tonu he tohu ki te ECU. I muri i te fariiraa i te reira, te wae mana whakahohetia te piha whakapau i poraka uru wai ki te puoto whawhati wira me te papu tīmata tonu tona kōwhiringa, e hoki ana ki te accumulator, reira tango i te raka. I muri nui te huringa o te wira he rohe tere tomu'a, "antiblock", te uhi i te whakatuwheratanga putanga me te piha kokoru, whakahohetia te papu, e rere i roto i te huarahi i te ritenga, akina pēhanga i roto i te puoto wahia, reira braking te wira. Kua kawea tukanga katoa i roto i tonu (4-10 haeretia / hekona.), a haere tonu tae noa ki mutu te mīhini.

Ko te parau tumu i runga o te mahi o te ABS pā ki te tino matatau - pūnaha 4-hongere me he mana motuhake o ia wira o te motokā, engari i reira e te tahi atu momo o "antiblock".

Ētahi momo o ABS

ABS E toru-hongere - tenei momo o te pūnaha e toru tere pūoko: e rua eke i runga i nga wira mua, me te tuatoru - i runga i te auri muri. Nä, ko te wae waipēhi ngā toru o takirere takirua. Ko te parau tumu o te ABS o tenei momo, ko te ki te wehe mana o ia o nga wira mua, me te rua muri.

frein rua - i roto i te pūnaha taua ko te wira mana takirua kei runga i te papa kotahi.

eke pūoko te i runga i te auri muri, a ka tohatoha kaha braking ki wira katoa wha wā kotahi - Single-hongere ABS. Kei roto i te pūnaha taua tetahi rua o vaolo (horomanga me te whakapau). pēhanga Ko te huringa kotahi, puta noa i te ara iahiko.

Te whakatairite i te momo o "antiblock", ka taea te faaoti i te reira e te rerekētanga i waenganui i a ratou ko te nui o te mana tere me pūoko, aua, vaolo, engari i roto i te whānui, parau tumu o te mahi o nga pereki waka, te tikanga o ngā tukanga e tupu i roto i reira, he rite hoki ngā momo katoa o ngā pūnaha.

Nahea te ABS te braking pai ranei

Whakatau ki te mutu tō motokā rawa te ki ABS, te taraiwa depressing te teka wahia, mana'o rite tīmata ia ki te wiri paku (kia haere tahi ai wiri i te tangi āhuatanga o "whainiho" haamana'oraa o te reo). Tenei ahua o te pūnaha pūrongo kua roaa e ia. lau pūoko mahi tere. Ko te kōwae mana whakahaere te pēhanga i roto i te ipurau wahia, te ārai maukati nga wira ki runga piri, me te tere "pakū" podtormazhivaya ratou. Ka rite ki te hua, te motokā āta pōturi iho ka haere skidding, a ko te kupu tonu te whakahaere. Ahakoa, ki te he pahekeheke te ara, te taraiwa ki taua braking taea anake te whakahaere i te ahunga o te kaupapa o te mīhini ki te mutu oti. Ko te kupu, whakawhetai ki ABS, huri i te reira i roto i tino, me tino nui - te mana braking.

O te akoranga, te pūnaha anti-raka nui whakahaere te ora o te taata faahoro, whakangāwari me te whakanui ake i te tōtika o te tukanga braking. Heoi, te mea he maha o ngaahi tōnounou e hiahia ki te mohio me te tango ki te pūkete i roto i te mahi.

huakore ABS

Ko te rerekētanga matua o te ABS ko e tei tona whai huatanga i runga i te huru ara.

Ki te ko te mata ara pāhiwihiwi, mata kāmelí, ka waiho roa atu i mua i te tawhiti braking motokā. Ko te take hoki tenei ko e i roto i braking wira ia wā ngaro te pamu (hūpeke) me mutu te takahuri. whakaaro tenei ABS mutu wira rite te raka, a ka mutu te braking. Ko te whakaiti o te whakapā ki te ara i tohua tono wahia kore hāngai ki te tino arotau, kua te pūnaha ki te kia toe langa ano, a ka ururuatia tenei wa, e tika ana ki nei faarahi te tawhiti braking. Whakaititia taea tenei pānga e, te whakaiti i te tere mīhini.

Ki te kore ko te paninga ara kākahu, ki tauutuutu wāhanga, pērā i te hukarere hukapapa whakakapi, te huka - uku, ka te huka ano, me ētahi atu I roto i taua mau huru, hinga i runga i te wahi pahekeheke, ABS, te arotake paninga Whakarite raro reira braking tukanga i roto i te whakawhitinga .. i runga i uku "antiblock" whai ano ki te kia toe langa, ka rite ki te kaha braking tīpakohia ki te mata pahekeheke i runga i riro whai hua te uku, e faarahi te reira i te roa o te ara braking.

Ki te ABS oneone wewete hoki e kore "hoa", i roto i tenei take, mahi pūnaha braking noa nui pai rite te wira kiia i raro i kuhua ana braking i te whenua, hanga i runga i tona ara te ta'uma, te ārai i te atu akoranga, me accelerates te motokā ki te mutu.

I iti "antiblock" tere te tikanga monokia. Na reira, ka peia i runga i te huarahi pahekeheke haere faaheeraa, e hiahia ana koe ki te kia rite hoki tenei momeniti kino, a ka pupuri i roto i te huru pai "whakatū ringa", e taea te whakamahi ki te tika.

I roto i te mutunga, i kite mātou i te ABS ko tino he tua pai ki te pūnaha braking e taea ki a koe te karo i ngaro te mana o te motokā i raro i braking. Heoi, kia kotahi mahara nga wa katoa e kore he māfimafí tenei pūnaha, me i roto i te tahi mau āhuatanga kia mau ai ki he disservice.