PD-14 - engine. pūkaha Turbofan: whanaketanga hou

More tata, hei wāhanga o te taiwhanga whakamātau IL-76LL timata, i reira whakamatauria PD-14 - engine, whakaaro nei ko te whanaketanga nui i roto i nga tau e toru tekau o te rererangi motu. Te aha? He maha ngā take.

ariā

PD-14 - te rima o whakatupuranga pūkaha i roto i engines turbojet. Ko te hoahoa matatini i reira whakatinana rongoā engineering auaha. Haere i te iti rawa i te uruuru hurihuri i te auau o ma rua mano huringa i te meneti. I te wa ano mahi reira kaha turai waru taranata. He ki runga ki te whitu tekau matatahi mīhini huri hiko taua.

Pehea ka anga te reira katoa

Ko te whakaaro ki te waihanga i te pūkaha puta i roto i te timatanga o te rua mano JSC "Aircraft Engine". o te whanaketanga He wā roa kua ako hoki te hanga o engines o kau taki ao i te wa i tātarihia rite te rangi, me te waka rererangi whakamahia. Ahakoa te mākete Russian o kaiwhakanao ke waipuke mea katoa. patua te reira i pūkaha pakeke, me te kāinga. Na reira, i nga ngā he mahi uaua, e kore anake ki tae te taumata o te feia faatere ao, engari ano hoki ki te nui hangarau ngā, me te ki te hanga i te manureva kāinga whakataetae taiao, utu me kuputohu utu. Ko reira mārama e ki te whakatinana i kore i te mea ohie i te mahi taua.

I reira whakaritea e te reira ki te whakamahi i nga painga katoa o hinonga kāinga me hinonga rangahau ki te whakaputa engines.

Ko te whakaaro matua o te kaupapa ko ki te waihanga i tētahi generator hau hou he taua tawhā, i runga i te pūtake o i ko reira taea ki te hanga i nga engines o aravihi rerekē. Ratou i whakaaro ai tāuta i rererangi rerekē, me te whenua whakaaro ūnga - i runga i ngā tipu te mana me te tāuta mō te kutētē hau. Ko te generator hau ko te whakaminenga uaua tino ki ngaohiko nui nekeneke. Ko reira i roto i kitea tona whakakotahitanga o te raruraru i roto i te whakarato o te raupapa hanga mo te ngā wae. I te wa ano tino heke te utu o ia o nga tauira heke mai. rauemi me hangarau katoa mo te hoahoa e kore i kawemai (a pono e kore i taea, ara, ki te whakatika i te hiahia taua no te mea he ngaro, me te kore whakakitea nga raraunga), ka hua i roto i Russia.

matatapu

kia whanau te reira i roto i te ngakau e i roto i te tua ki kamupene Russian ki te hanga i engines jet o hangarau whakatupuranga hou e wātea ana anake i roto i te United States, France me Ingarangi. Huri i te reira i roto i taua puritia e ratou he maha iti o te whenua atu i te hunga e riro patu karihi, me te e taea ki te whakarewa i āmiorangi ki wāhi. China, hei tauira, mō ngā tau maha e ngana ana ki te angitu i roto i tenei mara. taea ngāwari ia ki te tārua motu Su-27, engari te pūkaha AL-31F, a na noho wātea. Na reira, kei te takoha tonu te whenua ki te hoko pūkaha kore kua hou i roto i Russia. Ko te aha te whanaketanga i roto i tenei rohe tiaki e te kāwanatanga.

Ko te mahi tahi o ngā me ngā kaiwhakanao

nga kaiuru katoa, te hunga i te whakamahere ki te whakatinana i te kaupapa, tautoko te whakaaro. I roto i te 2006, hainatia e ratou he kawa i runga i te whakatinanatanga tahi, i muri mai ka te pūtake mō te mahi heke mai.

riro te kaupapa me te tautoko kāwanatanga. I huaina te kaupapa "PD-14." timata te engine ki te whakawhanake i roto i te JSC "Aircraft Engine", ka hua i JSC "MC UEC". I tua atu ki te kamupene nui i roto i te whakatinanatanga tā te maha o ārahi hinonga o pūkaha rererangi, whare manga me'inisititiuti o Russian Academy o Sciences.

production tukutahinga

PD-14 - Turbofan engine e pā ana ki te turbojet, he aki o 14 taranata. Ko te tikanga te reira ki te kia tāuta i roto i rererangi MS-21 (e tatau ratou ki runga ki te maha o ngā pāhihi i kotahi rau me te toru tekau ki te kotahi rau e waru tekau), ka e kia faaue i roto i 2017. Na reira hanga synchronously pūkaha rererangi ki te MS 21 iho.

Ki te whakamahia e te kaupapa te pera-ka karanga kuwaha-hangarau. I te mutunga o ia wāhanga kawea i roto i ōrite ana ki te whakamātautau, ki te whai wāhitanga o ngā tohunga - māngai o te rōpū katoa. Na roto i tenei aratau, ki te tika, te whakahaere i te wa ki te hanga whakarerekētanga, me te karo i hapa taea.

He aha te mea hou, ko te pūkaha

whakatakotoria te turanga i roto i te rongoā puāwaitanga, e kua kï ratou tika i roto i te whanaketanga o te PD-14. Kei roto i te pūkaha i te wa ano he hoahoa hou, me te hangarau. Whakamahia, pērā i konukoreko me Titanium superalloys, e whakatutuki nga tawhā e hiahiatia ana. Ko te kupu, hanga nga ngā Russian i te tupeke kounga ki te taumata hou, te wahi kua pai ake te pūkaha rererangi i roto i tohu nui katoa.

Ko te kupu, heke te kohi wahie e ma rua ki te tekau ma ono ōrau. Ko te kupu whakataki o te waerau rauemi hiato ake attenuation tangi, me te taimaha engine iti. momo New o ngā rauemi, i reira e pā ana ki e rua tekau.

tutuki te kounga High e whakaputa ma ono hangarau matua whakamahia. I mua i roto i te engine kihai i whakamahi ratou. Na reira, i teie nei i reira he whanaketanga kaha, me to ratou introduction ki production.

I roto i 2012, i roto i te tikanga ki te whakaatu i te pūkaha ki te kī rongoā hangarau me te hoahoa, kua pai te haere whakamātautau pae o te demonstrator pūkaha-hangarau. i tutuki hua pai i runga i Acoustics, paheke me thermodynamics.

Ko te pūkaha PD-14 whakaritenga, me kï whakamahi te tohu motuhake o te rauemi e whakamahia ana airworthy ratou. Te pēke raraunga, i tuhia rauemi, kei te kōrero katoa e pā ana ki te taumata o te kaha hanganga, e to ratou. Kua whakamatauria rauemi katoa i roto i ngā taiwhanga motuhake i tenei ra.

Whāinga o te kaupapa

haere tahi te whanaketanga o engines e te whāinga e whai ake nei:

• utu production iti;
• whakaiti tiaki me te hanga utu;
• kī te mahi pūmau o te huarahi;
• te whakaiti kohi wahie;
• whakaiti taimaha;
• whakaiti haruru paheke o matū kino.

Āpiti atu ki te mahi i runga i te pūkaha, hanga he pūnaha watea o wae i muri i mahi hoko. Kei roto te reira i, i roto i te tua ki te hanga tino pai, me te tiaki, rongoā logistics, pūtāhui me te mahi. He nui rawa tenei e tika ana ki te meka i tenei pūnaha ko tata kore-whiwhi, rite te hanga kāinga o te waka rererangi whakahaeretia moka.

taurangi o te angitu

tuku tono mo te tiwhikete i roto i 2013 ki te PD-14, a kua oti whakamatauria i te mutunga o 2015.

Nā ki te meka e te whakatinanahia te kaupapa e te maha o ngā kamupene me ngā whare rangahau, fakapapau'i whakamahi pai o moni pūtea. Investments i roto i te whanaketanga me te i roto i te whakatinanatanga tūturu o te kaupapa, ka taea ki te hinga i te backlog, i i kitea i roto i te ahumahi rererangi kāinga, me te takoto te turanga mo tona whanaketanga atu.

Kei te hoko inaianei whanaketanga o hangarau hou ngā whai hua rite te mahi tūmataiti ka āwhina ki te ārai katoa o ngā hapa. Kei te whakaurua ngā whanaketanga katoa i roto i te kaupapa nānā angitu. tonu kaiuru kaupapa katoa ki te whai pai i te utu o ētahi atu whakahau, e te roopu te mōrea o te mate.

PD 7, PD-10, PD-14 ki PS0-90

Ko te pūkaha kāinga anake, rite rawa nei te ki manureva e i roto i Russia tenei ra ko te PS-90A. atu rererangi katoa i wae ke.

Kei te whakamahere ngā kaupapa ki te whakawhiti i roto i te heke mai rererangi Russian katoa i runga i motors hou motu.

PS-90A - he pūkaha turbofan. momo Turbojet o PD-14 faatiti'aifarohia te raruraru i vai na i mua ki engines jet, i te ārai ratou whakamahi i roto i te rererangi. Ko te raruraru matua e takoto i roto i te kohi wahie nui, me te kaha haruru. I roto i te kaupapa hou, kua hinga enei me ētahi atu tutukitanga, tuku i te pūkaha e inaianei e whakamahia mō te waka rererangi ā.

ngā te whānau pūkaha PD-14 me PD-7 māpele he umeraa ki 7900 kirokaramu, a PD-10 ki te aki o runga ki te 9900 manokaramu. taea ki te whakapiki ake i te tawhiti rere rite te kawenga mōrahi, a kahore taua mea i te putanga kaha tino o PD-14M he. A ka whakatinana ai ki kohi wahie iti e tekau ki te tekau ma wha ōrau whakaritea ki te hunga e pau i tēnei wā i te pūkaha turbofan.

Tono i roto i te mākete kāinga me te ke

Ngā whai whakawhirinaki tonu i roto i te pūkaha waiwai PD-14 mākete ā heke mai. I roto i rima te rererangi whakataetae mahi i runga i te mākete kāinga, he te MS-21 he painga nui i roto i te maha o ngā pāhihi. e taea ki te kawe e rua rau me te tekau ma rua te iwi ia. Kia whakarite a: 737 te maua e 189 anake pāhihi, a Bombardier-CS300 - noa 135. I tua atu, ake i te rōrahi o te tueke, haere me te tūru. Tenei ka whakahaere me te tere ake te tukanga uta me te unloading o pāhihi.

Ko tētahi atu painga nui ko te utu iti o te rererangi. Ki te te manureva kāinga, he te pai i roto i te pūkaha, he mea utu e whitu tekau-waru miriona tāra, 737, mo te tauira, utu mō ngā kamupene i roto i te tata kotahi rau me te whitu miriona, me te Bombardier-CS300 - e waru tekau miriona.

Ko te tuku o MS-21 i runga i te mākete o te ao meake nei, i reira he pera tawhiti he pahuhu noa te heke mai. Ko te kaihoko ke tūturu anake ko te kamupene Malaysian, kua whakahau kua rua tekau-rima rererangi.

I roto i ngā kamupene kāinga kua whakahau te waka rererangi:

• "Aeroflot" - e rima tekau nga wahi;
• "VEB-Leasing" - e toru tekau;
• "Ilyushin Finance" - e rua tekau-waru;
• "Sberbank Leasing" - e rua tekau;
• "IrAero" - kotahi tekau.

Ko te take i te kamupene me tatou, me te ke noa ahu koe ki te hoko MS-21 Ka taea te hono ara ki whakamātautau oti. I tua atu, i reira ko te raruraru o te kore o te pūnaha whakawhanakehia o mahi i muri i te hoko o te waka rererangi.

Otiia, ko te peresideni o te Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin i te amuiraa press i te mutunga o 2015 te otinga o te kaupapa i huaina PD-14 o hui tino nui i roto i te whare pūkaha Russian mai nga eighties o te rau tau rua tekau, a faaite whakawhirinaki e ka nui to tatou engines hou analogues ke.

Na reira, i reira he take katoa ki te matapae i te angitu o te motu dvigatele- me rererangi hanga.