Pūmanawa karihi o Russia. missiles Nuclear Russia

Ki te rā, te pūmanawa karihi o Russia ko te tuarua nui i roto i te ao. I tēnei wā i roto i te whenua i reira e neke atu i te 1500 utu wae tohatoha, me te he täoro karihi rauhanga nui. E tano ia tapao e hāngai ana te pūmanawa karihi rautaki o Russia te i runga i te puka o te topu- karihi, e ngā rangi, te whenua me te moana wāhanga e rua, engari ko te aronga matua i runga i te momo o ngā pūnaha o "Topol whenua-e hāngai ana, tae atu hoki complexes tino ahurei hurihia kāinga pūkoro i huaina korero ".

tau tangohia

Ka rite ki te mea ratou tuwhera puna, Forces Rocket a rautaki i to ratou tikanga 385 utanga hou ki te IDB, i te wa ano, tae atu:

• 180 SS-25 missiles;
• 72 SS-19 tākirirangi;
• 68 SS-18 missiles;
• 50 missiles SS-27, e hāngai ana i roto i te maina;
• 15 missiles SS-27 kāinga pūkoro.

Fighting kaha o Napara Forces ngā 12 submarines pere rautaki, ko reira ia tapao e te puta pūmanawa karihi o Russia 7 submarines "Dolphin" kaupapa, me te 5 kaupapa 'Kalmar'. I runga i te wahi o te Force Air hoatu mua 77 rererangi taimaha.

aromatawai International

whai wāhi International Komihana i roto i te arai o te tini karihi, me te tupe, e ai ta e i roto i te kainga o Russia he reira fatata e 2000 warheads karihi rauhanga, ia, kia rite ki ngā tohunga, i reira e he maha o ngā āhuatanga, āwenewene whakaiti te pūmanawa karihi o Russia. I roto i ngā, he mea utu te tuhituhi i te torutoru o ratou:

• tau pāpāho rautaki i runga i te wā. Tata 80% o te katoa maha o missiles i te ora mua.
• Space me wae pere whakatūpato e hāngai ana whenua-i te iti kaha, i roto i ngā mo te katoa ngaro o te mātakitaki rawa kino ki te tākirirangi i roto i ngā o ngā wāhi, e kua kei roto i te Atlantic Ocean, me te i roto i te nuinga o te Moananui a Kiwa.
• hāngai rererangi taumaha anake i runga i rua nga turanga, ko te kupu e tino whakaraerae ki te waipara o natemea.
• submarines pere i iti nekeneke, e kei i te āhua hohe e rua anake noa ranei te waka whakarewatanga kotahi rave i roto i kopikopiko i te moana.

āhuatanga pai

I te wa ano, he maha o ngā āhuatanga pai i te pūmanawa karihi hōia o Russia kua:

• I tata oti te reira i te whanaketanga o te matatini pere katoa hou "yars";
• tīmata ano hanga o rererangi taimaha Tu-160 tauira;
• tīmata ngā whakamātautau rere o te pūnaha pere o te kaipuke i huaina te "Bulava", i runga i ia o e reira ko he pere karihi;
• Kua tono te whakatupuranga hou o ngā pūnaha hihiani kua whakaurua hoki te ārai o whakaeke pere i roto i te rohe Krasnodar me te rohe Leningrad;
• ki ohuraa i roto i te tau whakamutunga kua reira kua mawehe atu te maha feunga nui o āmiorangi "Cosmos" tauira, e haere mai i roto i te Echelon wāhi o te pūnaha faaararaa wawe, Nō "kanohi".

Fundamentals o kaupapa karihi

Ki te 90-doma o te rau tau whakamutunga, Russia ta e hiahia katoa pere karihi ia ki te whai i te kaupapa here o te raunga, engari te hiranga o tenei wā kei te ahua whakarerekē i tenei ra. I tuhinga tamau e taea Russia i te whakautu meinga kino ki te wahine taikaha, āta timata ki te huri me te tauine o te raunga e taea te ata i runga i te kupu, te huri i roto i te mau parau haapiiraa hōia hou. I roto i ngā, he reira utu te tuhituhi i te meka e whakarato ana i te ako hōia o 1993 raunga utu te kore noa anake, engari ano hoki fakaaoao karihi, engari ahakoa te meka e te tīmatanga pohewatia te kupu pea o te whakautu karihi ki te whawhai kore-karihi, te tīmatanga ko te aronga tika i runga i te mea e hiahia ana koe taofi whenua ki patu karihi.

1996

mea karere peresideniraa i runga i te haumaru motu i roto i te 1996 kua e ki te hiahia te aukati i te pea o te whawhai karihi, me e Russia taea te whakamahi i roto i te hui o te nui-tauine ope karihi rautaki o fakaaoao, ara i roto i te take o ope tikanga. whakahuatia ano e reira e te haere i te whenua ki te whai i te kaupapa here o te deterrence karihi i te taumata-rohe, rohe, me te ao.

1997

National Concept Haumarutanga 1997 whakarato deterrence o fakaaoao, tae atu i te whakamahi o te mana karihi i roto i te kaupapa e arata'i fakaaoao patu ki te mōrea o te oraraa o te Russian Federation. Ko te kupu, e te tika ki te whakamahi i te ope rautaki karihi i roto i te whakautu ki tetahi aroraa, e ko, ara, ki te kahore te hoa tauwhainga e whakamahi patu karihi Russia. I tua atu, enei formulations whakarato mo te tiaki o te kaha Russian ki te whakamahi i patu karihi tuatahi.

2010

Military Tokāteline o te Russian Federation whāngai i roto i runga i te ture o te peresideni, ka mea e kua te tika ki te whakamahi i te Russian Federation patu karihi i roto i te take ki a reira ona hoa ranei, ka whakatau i te patu karihi ki te whakamahi i te reira, te whakamahi i tetahi atu ranei patu o te whakangaromanga papatipu. SNF hoki e taea te whakahuatia i roto i te take o te fakaaoao ki Russia e kawea i roto i ki te patu tikanga ki te tura'ii te reira i te riri ki te oraraa o te kāwanatanga iho.

Next, titiro tatou i pehea i taea e Russia whakarewa he patu karihi, me e kua te āhuatanga o te patu.

Mdb-P 36 UTTKh

IDB UTTKh R-36, pai mohiotia e tokomaha rite "Voevoda" Ko te rua-wā e hāngai ana-te Hiro pere wai. Tenei pere Ko te whanaketanga o CB "Tonga", kei roto i Dnipropetrovsk i Ukraine ko tonu i roto i te Soviet Union, a whakamahia tenei pere i roto i 1980. Ko ia tapao e i roto i 1988 hou te pere i te reira, a inaianei ko reira whakamahia tenei putanga e i roto i te taviniraa.

Ka taea te tono whawhai karihi ki tenei patu i te tawhiti o 15,000 km, ki te ututaumaha o 8800 kg. Ko te pūtake o te MIRV pere hakari rawa warheads akaaoanga, ki te aronga takitahi.

Kua whakahoutia te mana o te tiaki karihi o te warheads tākirirangi tae 800 kt, i i te putanga tīmata 500 anake kt. I iti hoki ine Probabilistic i 370 ki te 220 m.

IDB UR-100N UTTKh

Ko te rua-atamira pere wai-propellant, Kei te whakawhanake e KBM i Reutov, kei roto i te rohe o Moscow. Ano utu i roto i te mahi, mai i 1980. Ka taea e warhead karihi pahū i te tawhiti o runga ki te 10 000 km i te pae whakarewatanga, ko te taimaha taunga-pere 4035 kg. Ko te pūtake o te MIRV pere hakari he ārahi takitahi ono warheads ki te putanga ūnga o ia o nei ko te 400 kt. deflection porowhita Probabilistic o 350 m.

ICBMs RT-2PM

hāngai ana whenua-totoka-wahie toru-atamira tākirirangi pūkoro rite whakawhanakehia e te Institute o te Hangarau Thermal Moscow. E tika ana kia ki runga ki täoro te whenua o mai 1988. Ko te ahei o te patu i te ūnga, i te tawhiti ki runga ki te 10.5 km i te pae whakarewanga tenei pere, ko te taunga-taimaha 1000 kg. I roto i tenei reira he kotahi tākirirangi anake te kaha warhead o 800 kt, i te tūponotanga deflection porohita o 350 m.

ICBM RT-2PM1 / M2

Mārō-wahie toru-atamira tākirirangi pūkoro ranei rite whakawhanakehia e te Institute o te Hangarau Thermal Moscow hāngai te Hiro-. Whakamahia i runga i ringa Russian mai 2000. Ka taea e warhead karihi patua te ūnga kei i te tawhiti ki runga ki te 11 000 km i te wahi o tona whakarewatanga, i te he i te ututaumaha o 1200 kg. Ko te kōwae whawhai anake he kaha o āhua 800 kt me tae probabilistic ine porowhita 350 m.

RS-24 ICBM

wahie totoka Intercontinental pere ballistic kāinga pūkoro, rite rawa ki te warhead reentry maha. no te whanaketanga ki te Institute o Robotics Moscow. MBR Ko te whakarerekētanga PT 2PM2. Me kï reira e kua whakarōpūtia nga āhuatanga hangarau o te pere.

SLBMs

Ko te rua-atamira pere ballistic wai hangaia mo te patu tino hou o mua. Rautaki ope karihi o te momo whakawhanakehia i roto i KBM i te rohe Chelyabinsk. E tika ana kia i roto i te taviniraa mai 1977. Russian ope rautaki karihi pana pere matatini D-9R, he i roto i tona hanganga i te wa taua e rua tākirirangi rite "Squid".

Tenei pere e toru ngā momo matua o te taputapu whawhai:

• monoblock wahi matenga, e kua he kaha tiaki karihi o 450 kt;
• matenga MIRV ki toru wae mana 200 ia Rt;
• MIRV e whitu warheads, i roto i ia o e mana ko te 100 kt.

RSM-29RM

Ko te toru-atamira wai pere ballistic hangaia mō te whakarewa submarine whakawhanakehia i roto i te rohe KBM Chelyabinsk. Ko te tauira matatini o te D-9R kua, i ona ringa e rua i te wa taua "Dolphin" hoahoa whakamahia i roto i te ope patu mai i 1986.

āhuatanga tēnei pere e rua taatou matua o taputapu:

• MIRV, e kei wha warheads kaha o 200 kilotons;
• MIRV rawa ki tekau warheads 100 kt.

E tano ia tapao e mai 2007 nga missiles raraunga i āta whakakapi e te putanga whakarerekētia huaina R29RM. I roto i tenei take, whakarato kotahi anake kē taputapu whawhai - ko e waru warheads nei mana ko 100 kt.

F-30

P-30, pai mohiotia rite te "Bulava", ko te whanaketanga Russian tino hou. tikanga ballistic pere totoka-propellant te ki kia whakanohoia ki runga i mua. Kei te whakawhanakehia tenei pere i te Institute o Hangarau Thermal Moscow.

rite rawa te pere kei te ki poraka karihi kotahi tekau o te arata'iraa takitahi e te hunga nehenehe o te teitei pōhēhē a me te akoranga. e kore he awhe Whakahaere o te pere iti iho i te 8000 km ki te katoa taunga-taimaha o 1150 kg.

opuaraa whanaketanga

I roto i te 2010, i hainatia he kawenata, i raro nei i te pūmanawa karihi o Russia me te United States e āta iti i runga i whitu nga tau i muri. I roto i ngā, whakaae reira e ka ū te rōpū ki te here i runga i te whakataki o patu ino rautaki, e whai ake:

• kia maha o rererangi karihi me utu i runga i ICBM tohatoha me BPRL kore neke atu i te 1,550;
• e kore e waiho te katoa maha o SLBMs tohatoha, IDB me te rererangi taimaha neke atu i te 700 wae;
• te tapeke maha o ICBM kore-tohatoha tohatoha ranei me rererangi taimaha - iti iho i te 800 wae.

whakaaro tohunga

Tohunga mōhio: i te kau ki reira e kore e te e te takahi Russia ake āheinga karihi. I roto i ngā, i te mutunga o 2012 i roto i Russia i tae e āhua 490 waka tuku tohatoha me 1,500 warheads karihi tohatoha runga ratou.

E ai ki ngā matapae Ratonga Research o te United States Congress, i roto i te whakatinanatanga o tenei kawenata ka whakaiti i te tapeke o kawe i roto i Russia ki 440 wae, ia ka tae ki te katoa te maha o warheads i te wa i roto i 2017 1335 wae. E tano ia tapao e reira e he rota o huringa i roto i te huarahi o te tatau. Hei tauira, i raro i te kirimana hou, ia rererangi tohatoha takitahi ko tetahi tiaki wae, ina i roto i te meka e taea te taua Tu-160 kawe i runga i te poari i te taua wa 12 missiles karihi me B-52H - me i 20.