Hauora, Rongoā
Pūnaha AB0 me te kainga tupu o ngā rōpū toto i roto i te tangata
Ko fakafofonga'i rōpū toto, kia mohio koe!
Antigens pūnaha toto
Ko tino matatini te hanganga antigenic o te tinana tangata. Anake kua kitea toto pūtaiao hou e pā ana ki e rima rau antigens, piri i roto i te 40 ngā pūnaha antigenic: MNSs, AB0, Kell, Duffi, Luteran, Lewis et al.
Ia o enei pūnaha antigens te ira riro, ka whakawaeheretia ira allelic. Hoki tapatahi, kua wehea ratou ki wē, me te pūtau. Hoki Hematology ko Blood huhu atu tino ko antigens pūtau (erythromycin, mōtepe me leukocyte), no te mea kua ratou te immunogenicity (kaha ki te e tohe i te whakautu ārai), a reira, he tütukitanga ki te huhu o antigens pūtau toto o te mōrea o te ru hematogenous hoki ranei ki mate. antigens toto ngā o rua nga wahi matua: he tokoingoa antigenic, whakatau i te immunogenicity o te hapten, me "Taumaha" antigen me te tāutu i ngā mahi serological.
Ko tino motuhake hoki ia antigen te wahi tuatahi, a reira me wehe ke ratou i ia atu. Ko te kupu, titore te pūnaha 0 AB0 antigen fucose antigen A - N-ftsetilglyukozamin me te antigen B - galactose. E piri ēnei tikanga e, me paturopi i te whanaketanga o te whakautu ārai. E tangohia ēnei antigens ki pūkete ka toto huhu, me te ka tatau i te kainga ka taea o ngā rōpū toto.
pūnaha AB0 me tona kainga tupu
me agglutinogens (ngeniwhero āhuatanga adhesion - A me te B) - I roto i te ano 1901 matū godu agglutinate ahei erythrocytes ki tahi i te tahi, e te hunga kua huaina agglutinins (α me β agglutination wē āhuatanga) kua kitea i roto i te toto tangata.
| rōpū toto | papa | |||||
| whaea | Ahau (00) | II (A0) | II (AA) | III (B0) | III (BB) | IV (AB) |
| Ahau (00) | 00 - 100% | 00 - 50% A0 - 50% | A0 - 100% | 00 - 50% B0 - 50% | B0 - 100% | A0 - 50% B0 - 50% |
| II (A0) | 00 - 50% A0 - 50% | 00 - 25% A0 - 50% AA - 25% | AA - 50% A0 - 50% | 00 - 25% A0 - 25% B0 - 25% AB - 25% | AB - 50% B0 - 50% | AA - 25% A0 - 25% B0 - 25% AB - 25% |
| II (AA) | A0 - 100% | AA - 50% A0 - 50% | AA - 100% | AB - 50% A0 - 50% | AB - 100% | AA - 50% AB - 50% |
| III (B0) | 00 - 50% B0 - 50% | 00 - 25% A0 - 25% B0 - 25% AB - 25% | AB - 50% A0 - 50% | 00 - 25% B0 - 50% BB - 25% | BB - 50% B0 - 50% | A0 - 25% B0 - 25% BB - 25% AB - 25% |
| III (BB) | B0 - 100% | AB - 50% B0 - 50% | AB - 100% | BB - 50% B0 - 50% | BB - 100% | AB - 50% BB - 50% |
| IV (AB) | A0 - 50% B0 - 50% | AA - 25% A0 - 25% B0 - 25% AB - 25% | AA - 50% AB - 50% | A0 - 25% B0 - 25% BB - 25% AB - 25% | AB - 50% BB - 50% | AA - 25% BB - 25% AB - 50% |
No nui iti ki te mohio te momo me te tauwehe rH, no te mea he nui hoki ano a reira hototahi o ngā rōpū toto i roto i te huhu. Ko te kupu, he taea toto rH-pai (rH +) ki te huhu te manawanui ki rH-tōraro (Rh-) toto kotahi anake mo te ora, me te i roto i te wā tino, mai ka whakawhanake te huhu tuatahi rH paturopi, e kua whakahohe i te huhu tuarua (me te kaiwhiwhi i te tūpono ki te mate i te huhu e hikitia toto). Ko te taua pā, me te pakanga Rhesus ki te haputanga o te kukune ki rH-pai toto i rH + Rh- whaea me te papa, na ko te mea nui ki te tātai i te kainga tupu o te rōpū toto o te tamaiti.
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