Pūnaha Kōnae - he aha te mea te reira? Ko te pūnaha kōnae NTFS, FAT, RAW, UDF

Te pūnaha whakahaere, i roto i te tua ki te tahi atu mahi katoa, fakahoko tona whakaaro matua - ki te whakarite i te mahi o te hanganga motuhake o te raraunga. Hoki enei take, whakamahia te pūnaha kōnae te. He aha te mea he pūnaha kōnae me te aha e taea e te reira, me te tahi atu kōrero e pā ana ki ka e whakaratohia reira i muri mai.

whakaahuatanga whānui

Ko te pūnaha kōnae ko te wahi o te pūnaha whakahaere, i te kawenga mō te noho, te rokiroki me te mukunga o ngā mōhiohio i roto i te pāpāho, tuku kaiwhakamahi me tono o tenei kōrero, me te ki te whakarite i tona whakamahi haumaru. I tua atu, he mea āwhina i roto i te whakaora raraunga i roto i te take o te pūmārō kore pūmanawa ranei. reira i te mea te pūnaha kōnae nui. He aha te mea he pūnaha kōnae me te aha e taea e te reira? He maha ngā momo:

- no te kōpae mārō, pūrere arā ki uru tupurangi;

- mo nga rïpene, arā pūrere rangatū;

- no te kawe raraunga whatu;

- pūnaha mariko;

- sistemy.5 Whatunga

Ka rite ki te kōwae rokiroki arorau i roto i te pūnaha kōnae ko te kōnae, he reira he huinga whakahau o ngā raraunga he ingoa etahi. te raraunga katoa whakamahia e te pūnaha whakahaere, te aroaro i roto i te puka o ngā kōnae: hōtaka, pikitia, tuhinga, waiata, ataata, me te taraiwa, whare pukapuka, a na reira i runga i. taua huānga takitaha he ingoa, momo, toronga, huanga, me te rahi. Na, inaianei e mohio ana koe ki ta te kōnae. Ko te pūnaha kōnae ko te huinga o taua āhuatanga, me ngā tikanga ki te mahi ki a ratou. Tei runga i te puka i roto i nei te whakamahia reira me aha te mau parau tumu ki te tono i te reira, e nehenehe tatou e faataa i te maha ngā momo taketake o te pūnaha.

huarahi Papatono

Na, ki te whakaaro tatou te pūnaha kōnae (e ko te me pehea ki te mahi i ki reira), kua hiahiatia reira ki te mōhio e ko te hanganga taumata-maha i te taumata o runga reira ko te pūnaha kōnae whakakā, e whakarato ana he atanga i waenganui i te pūnaha me te tono ngā tenei. faafariu te reira i te uiui ki te kōnae i roto i te hōputu kite e te taumata muri - taraiwa. Ratou, i roto i te tahuri, tirohia ki te atekōkiri pūrere motuhake, e rokiroki te mōhiohio e tika ana.

I roto i te tono kiritaki-tūmau ki te pūnaha kōnae e tino nui ngā whakaritenga mahi. E hoahoatia ngā pūnaha Modern ki te whakarato i te uru whai hua, tautoko hoki buka nui o pāpāho tiaki raraunga ki te whakaurunga, te tiaki o te tapatahi o te mōhiohio.

Ko te pūnaha kōnae FAT

I whakawhanakehia tēnei momo i roto i te 1977 e Bill Gates me Marc McDonald. I te tīmatanga, i whakamahia ai i roto i te pūnaha whakahaere 86-DOS. Ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te mea he pūnaha kōnae FAT, he reira ia tapao e kore i te tuatahi ia taea ki te tautoko i puku pakeke, ka mahi anake ki pāpāho ngāwari ake ki te 1 mekapaita. Na ko kotiti tenei rāhuitanga, engari tenei pūnaha e whakamahia ana e "Microsoft" mo Microsoft MS-DOS 1.0 ranei i muri mai. whakamahia te FAT etahi whakaaetanga i roto i ngā o ngā ingoa kōnae:

- i te timatanga o te ingoa me he pukapuka mati ranei, a i roto i taea te tae i te reira e tetahi pūāhua ASCII, i roto i te tua ki te wāhi me te tūemi motuhake;

- Me te ingoa kore nui ake i te 8 pūāhua, i muri i te wā, me atu tohu i te roha e ngā o reta e toru;

- i roto i taea ngā ingoa kōnae e tetahi take, e kore e rerekē te reira, a e kore e te ora.

Mai i hangaia tuatahi FAT mo te pūnaha whakahaere kotahi-kaiwhakamahi DOS, kihai i whakarato i te reira mo te rokiroki o raraunga i runga i te rangatira uru ranei whakaaetanga. I te kau, horapa te pūnaha kōnae te tino kaha, i roto i rerekē nekehanga, e tautoko i te reira e te nuinga o ngā pūnaha whakahaere hou. hanga Ko tōna ringa rehe e reira taea ki te whakamahi i te reira i runga i te pukapuka tukatuka e ngā pūnaha whakahaere rerekē te. Ko te pūnaha kōnae ohie, e te mea taea ki te ārai i ngā kōnae kino e tika ana ki te whakaweto hē o te rorohiko tenei. Hei wāhanga o te pūnaha whakahaere rere i runga i tenei kaupapa, i reira he taputapu motuhake e tirohia te hanganga o nga kōnae, me te whakatika i te rerekētanga.

pūnaha kōnae NTFS

Kei te tino tenei pūnaha meinga ki te mahi ki te pūnaha whakahaere Windows NT, rite i hangaia ai mō reira. I roto i te OS ngā tahuri taputapu e tahuri te rōrahi i FAT ki NTFS me HPFS ngā pukapuka. Ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te mea ko te pūnaha kōnae NTFS, he reira ia tapao e te reira tino whakarei i te kaha ki te whakahaere i te uru ki etahi whaiaronga me ngā kōnae, hoatu te rota o huanga whakatinana taputapu kōpeketanga kōnae hihiri, te hape kātakí, tautoko i te mau titauraa o te paerewa POSIX. Ka taea e tēnei pūnaha kōnae whakamahi ngā ingoa kōnae roa ake ki te 255 pūāhua, ki te ingoa poto hangaia te reira i roto i te ara ano e rite ana i roto i VFAT. Tātari he aha te pūnaha kōnae NTFS, he reira ia tapao e he reira e taea ki te whakaora ake i roto i te take o te kore pūnaha whakahaere, kia ka waiho i te kōpae wātea, me te kore e hanganga whaiaronga e pāngia.

NTFS Āhuatanga

I te rōrahi NTFS, māngai ia kōnae e te lekooti i roto i te RKM. Kua waiho e te 16 ngā tāurunga tuatahi o te tepu i te pūnaha kōnae ki te rokiroki i ngā mōhiohio atu. I roto i te tepu kōnae whakaahua ana ano te record tuatahi. Ki te whakangaromanga o te lekooti tuatahi lau ko te tuarua ki te kitea i te whakaata o te RKM, kei hea he ōrite ki te tepu matua te tomokanga tuatahi. I te pokapū arorau o te kōpae whakanohoia e te tārua o te kōnae whawhai. I roto i te tomokanga tepu tuatoru ko te kōnae rangitaki whakamahia e te mo te whakaora raraunga. I roto i te kōnae lekooti whitu, me te muri kei tepu mōhiohio e pā ana ki te kōnae me whaiaronga e te hunga i runga i te kōpae mārō.

Kei roto i te roko tauwhitinga te huinga katoa o te āhuatanga e huri i te rōrahi o te hanganga, tae atu i te mahi kanohi e te hanganga o ngā kōnae me te tetahi whakahau e pā te hanganga whaiaronga. Ko te roko tauwhitinga mō NTFS whakaora rite ki te hua o te kore pūnaha. Kei roto i te urunga mo te whaiaronga pakiaka te rārangi o whaiaronga me ngā kōnae e kua kei roto i te whaiaronga pakiaka.

EFS Āhuatanga

Whakamuna Pūnaha Kōnae (EFS) ko te wae Windows, ai taea te penapena mōhiohio i runga i te kōpae mārō i roto i te hōputu whakamunatia. kua meinga Whakamuna te tiaki tino kaha, e taea whakahere anake te pūnaha whakahaere. I roto i tenei take, te whakamunatanga mo te kaiwhakamahi ko te mahi tika ohie, e titau te reira anake te pouaka taki i roto i te āhuatanga o te kōpaki kōnae ranei. Ka taea e koe te whakapūtā ko wai e taea te pānui i ēnei kōnae. puta whakamunatanga ka katia te kōnae te, a ka whakatuwhera i ratou, reira riro rite mō te whakamahi aunoa.

Āhuatanga RAW

Pūrere mō te rokiroki raraunga, ko nga wāhanga tino whakaraerae, e he maha whakaraerae ki te kino, e kore e tinana anake arorau hoki engari. Ka taea e ngā raruraru pūmārō etahi kia mate, ētahi i whai te tahi mau rongoā. I te tahi taime te pātai kaiwhakamahi: "He aha te mea he pūnaha kōnae RAW?"

Ka rite ki mohiotia te, no te tuhi i runga i te puku mārō puku kohiko ranei ko Me waiho he pūrere rokiroki raraunga i roto i te FS. He FAT a NTFS te tino noa. A e kore e ara he pūnaha kōnae RAW, e tatou te tikanga whakaaro i te reira. I roto i te meka, he reira he hapa arorau pūnaha kua tāuta, e ko, tona ngaro tūturu mō Windows. Nuinga o ngā wā e pā ana ki te whakangaromanga o RAW hanganga pūnaha kōnae. I muri i taua, e kore e te OS tika whakakahore uru ki nga raraunga, engari e kore e whakaatu i te mōhiohio hangarau i runga i te taputapu.

UDF Āhuatanga

hangaia Hōputu Kōpae Hurinoa (UDF) te ki whakakapi CDFS me tāpiri tautoko mō ngā pūrere DVD-ROM. Ki te kōrero tatou e pā ana ki te mea i te pūnaha kōnae UDF, he mea he whakatinanatanga hou o putanga tawhito o kōpae optical, e tutuki te whakaritenga o te Whakahaere International mo Waeine. Kei te āhuatanga i te reira e etahi āhuatanga:

- te roa o te ingoa kōnae e taea e ki runga ki te 255 pūāhua;

- rēhita ingoa kia raro me te runga;

- te roa ara mōrahi ko 1023 pūāhua.

Tīmata ki Windows XP, tautoko tenei pūnaha kōnae lau me te tuhituhi.

He aha te mea he EXFAT pūnaha kōnae

Kei te whakamahia i tēnei pūnaha kōnae mō puku flash, e kua tūmanakohia ki te tono, ka mahi ki te rorohiko rerekē rere pūnaha whakahaere rerekē, tae atu Windows me Linux. ka te reira i EXFAT te "piriti" i waenganui i te rua, mai te mea te reira e taea ki te mahi ki nga raraunga riro i te OS, ia o nei rere tona ake pūnaha kōnae. He aha te mea a pehea te mahi i reira, ka waiho te reira mārama kē i roto i te mahi.

ngā kitenga

Ka rite ki matau i te i runga ake, i roto i ia pūnaha whakahaere whakamahi etahi filesystems. 'Oku fakataumu'a ratou mo te rokiroki o ngā hanganga whakahau o raraunga i runga i pāpāho tinana. Ki te koe ohorere i te te whakamahi i te rorohiko, whakatika te pātai, he aha te mea te pūnaha kōnae hopea, he reira tino taea e ina ngana koe ki te tārua i te kōnae motuhake i runga i te pāpāho i roto i mua o koutou, i korerotia ai rawa te rahi tukua. Ko Ko te aha e hiahia ana koe ki te mohio te mea Pūnahakōnae te rahi kōnae e whakaaro manakohia e i roto i te whakawhitinga o te mōhiohio e kore e fehangahangai tamataraa.