Rahui Orenburg: otaota me ngā kararehe, ngā wāhi hītori, me te whaipara

Orenburg rohe kei runga i te wāhi rohe o rerekē rohe zoogeographical me ngā wāhi matawhenua. arahina tokomaha āhuatanga ki te taketake me te motuhake o te kararehe rohe.

Rahui, i raro i te tiaki o te kāwanatanga, he mātauranga (i roto i te rauropi), rangahau, pūtaiao, ngā pokapū taiao. Ko te whāinga o ratou mahi, ko te ki te tiaki me te ako i te kaupapa tūturu o ngā tukanga māori ari ranei. Ano, i roto i nga whenua o enei rohe whakakiia te kararehe tahua ira o otaota me ngaa kararehe, i raro ki te tiaki o ngā hapori takitahi me ngā momo o otaota me ngaa kararehe, ahurei ranei pūnaha rauropi angamaheni. Rahui "Orenburg" - he kahore okotahi.

whakaahuatanga whānui

i hanga rohe Environmental e wha nga wahi, katoa wāhi o e he ōrite ki te 21.7 mano. Ha.

Kei Orenburg Rahui:

• "Steppe Talovskie" - 3200 heketea;
• "Steppe Burtinskaya" - 4500 heketea;
• "Steppe Aytuarskuyu" - 6753 heketea;
• "Steppe Aschisayskuyu" - 7200 heketea.

E whakaritea āhua rohe katoa i te ahopae kotahi. Ahopou e wehea ratou i ia atu i te 240, 380, me te 75 km. Tenei wāwāhi rohe tukua ki tino tapaea nga momo taketake o te whenua i kitea i roto i te steppes o te rohe Orenburg.

History o hanga

I whakawhanakehia nga mahere tuatahi mō te whakahaere o te rohe tiaki hoki i roto i nga uofulu o te rau tau whakamutunga. Otiia i roto i te tau 1975 ka timata ratou ki te kia whakatinana. i mahi te pana o rite te ako o tetahi o nga haerenga, ka rite ki te hua o nei i kitea whenua steppe primordial i roto i te rohe Orenburg. I te pae hopea, whakapumautia te rāhui i roto i 1989.

rohe āhuarangi

I runga i te rohe kingi maroke āhuarangi continental. Ko te pāmahana toharite o 2.5 ° C. Ko te wā huka-free o te rahui, ko te 130 nga ra. Te ua ā-tau toharite ko te 390mm.

Aytuarskaya steppe

ni'ai te rohe i te rohe o 6753 heketea, Kei reira i runga i te taha maui o te awa. Ural Mountains, i runga i te rohe o to matou whenua ki a katatānga. Whakatika ki te 60-doma o te rau tau whakamutunga i roto i te steppes nui o tenei e rua poka Kazakh tano. E whakatārewatia steppe me wiwi api parau whakamahia rite hayfields, engari ngā mahi ōhanga katoa i tenei ra. Ko te okotahi ko te pāmu hoiho anake, i āta hangaia ki te whakaputa i Aytuarke kounga tiketike mō te koumiss.

whakaaro rāhui Orenburg i roto i tenei rohe ko te wāhanga tino maunga. Ko te wahi o te ringa te takai Ural. māngai te kararehe e 38 ngā momo o te kararehe. I roto i te rohe noa hamsters noa, kikino o, slepushonki ohie, kiore birch, pikas. Konihi he wereti steppe, pokiha. Nga rakau iti, me pururu Papatuanuku nohoia e te hata, poaka mohoao, Elk.

Whānui 106 momo o manu, kua tuhia te reira e 41 i roto i o ratou kohanga. He nui Falconiformes, tae atu ki ngā kestrel te iti, saker whatura, ekara emepaea, ahipare, kōmā kaeaea, Eagle. I roto i tenei rohe o te rahui e kitea iti bustards, partridges, koitareke. E te aroaro pepeke he momo o momo i tabulahia i roto i te pukapuka Whero o Russia.

ahanoa pae Historical me whaipara

I roto i te rāhui i reira e wha kotahi, me te rua puke tanumanga. Katia ki te rohe pae mo te katoa o 16 barrows nga tikanga.

Aschisayskaya steppe

Kei tēnei wāhi i runga i te rohe o 7200 heketea, e te hunga i roto i te rohe Svetlinskoye. I mua ko steppe he kararehe wahi kai kawenga iti, te tahi mau wāhi whakamahia rite tarutaru.

he flat, flat, paku piki i te wāhi te tauturu. hoatu Ataahua steppe rerekē Aschisayskoy pari Tuhinga, tupuke, tupuke, e kore raro ki awa mahi me ngā roto.

He torutoru me ngā roto hōruarua steppe Hydrographic, e tei runga i te rōrahi whakakī o rewa wai vernal. Te nuinga o ratou i te āhua porotaka. Tenei Ko tetahi o nga wahi tino ataahua, e whakamanamana i te rahui āhua "Orenburg".

E tiakina te i roto i tenei rohe?

I runga i te rohe kua horahia ki runga 20 ngā momo o kararehe, 53 ngā momo o manu kōhanga. I roto i ngā māngai o kararehe (kararehe), te momo tino āhuatanga he kirera iti, koni, steppe polecat, marmot, pokiha. I roto i te manu faaoti ki te tohatoha Belladonna, ekara steppe, pīoioi. ngā roto steppe kohanga Ogar, heroni, matuku.

Monuments o uara hītori, me te whaipara

I runga i te rohe o te rahui i reira ko te puranga, e, kia rite ki te rangahau, no ki nga hapu o te mutunga o nga iwi mohoao wharekarakia. Ko tōna teitei ko 1 m, diameter - 20 m.

Burtinskaya steppe

Kei te pae i roto i Preduralsky Orenbuzhya rohe noho te wāhi o 4,500 Ha. Steppe i roto i te wā Soviet wahi whakahaeretia rite tarutaru. Kei te rohe moka o saline me nga wiwi api parau, ngā roto Karst Koskol.

Kei te koraha kei te i roto i te Urals rāwhiti reira foredeep aroaro pukepuke, me te steeply te piki nga whenua. timata whenua Modern tona hanganga i roto i te Pliocene ki te wahi o nga mania. Ko te puka matua o te wai wehe te mania ko Mueldy.

E faahoho'ahia e paparahi conglomerates polymictic whero nga toka tino. He whānui ngā tūmomo toka oneone-hanga. I runga i nga titahatanga pari, me te ngawari e hakari putunga eluvial o kakano taimaha.

I roto i te pae whakakitea tekau momo o te oneone. Ko te pūtake o te oneone hanga te oneone mangu tonga o takenga. Ko te pae pararopi tae e pā ana ki 38 cm, ai mai te ihirangi o te pararopi ki te 8%.

Kei te tino pai te whakawhanakehia e te whatunga hydrographic ka āhuatanga e te rere tamau. Kei te māngai reira e nga pito o runga o awa iti, te puna, te wai rangitahi. I roto i te rohe tiaki, i reira e rua ngā roto Koskol ki te take mai Karst. Ko te wai, ko te slabomineralizirovannaya.

Orenburg Rahui, te wahi i reira ko te puna Kaynar (i roto i Burtinskaya steppe), ko te whenua fakaofo. Ko te pūtake rawa tāpiri ki te wae matua. Ko tōna rohe o te mata wai o te 15 m². Ko te kaha, whakamataku momo puna voklyuznogo e kore whakatio noa i roto i te hotoke.

whakaaro Burtinskaya steppe te he taumata Preduralsky steeply te piki, whenua pukepuke. Ko te wāhi aroaro raorao-kurupae, mezhsyrtovo-raorao, momo whenua syrt-taupae.

I tāutuhia e te tipu o te steppe he maha o pukahu me edemikov gornostepnyh, pērā i rōkara Ural, astragalus Guelma, gornokolosnik scratchy me ētahi atu.

State Natural Rahui "Orenburg" i roto i Burtinskaya steppe tonu maha māngai o otaota me ngaa kararehe. He momo motuhake, me te taonga o kararehe rerekē. E kitea i runga i te whenua e pā ana ki 120 ngā momo o manu, tae atu 51 momo kōhanga mau. E whakaaro ana te māngai tino angamaheni bustard iti, steppe ekara, te warou demoiselle, kestrel, Belladonna, whatura whero-waewae, kaeaea, grouse pango.

I roto i te whāngote kitea 24 momo: squirrels, marmots, kikino o, hamsters, voles, pikas. O nga ngārara taea te tuhia steppe waipera me te repo honu.

ahanoa pae Historical me whaipara

I roto i te rohe i te puranga tanumanga, e no ki te ahurea Sarmatian VII-III senituli. d. n. e. Kei te tohu i runga i te mania e tata ana tohu rangahau Mueldy "420,9 m." Kei te hanga e te reira e te puke 13, e tino nui e rua o nei ka tae te teitei o te 2.5 m diameter me 40 m ētahi atu puke e tata ngā :. Teitei o 0.8 m me te diameter o te 10 ki te 20 m.

Talovskaya steppe

Kei te pae kei te i runga i te rohe tuatahi o te rohe, a ka hipokina he wāhi o 3200 heketea. Up tae noa ki 1988 i reira i tū he hoiho kai āhua, hipi me kararehe. Ano, i reira te mea he raumati kai waka hipi e tata ana i kitea te kinonga o te otaota, me te oneone.

Sotaiete ahua mania rerekē, i hanga e te nuinga i roto i Mesozoic. momo hou o te rohe riro i roto i te wā Quaternary raro i te mana o ngā tukanga denudation e meinga te ara o te rohe.

Hanga toka E whakaatu ana angamaheni uku saline moana tuatoru. Kei te wāhi tiaki te i te whakawhitinga i te chernozem ki oneone pereni pouri. I runga i nga titahatanga ngawari me watersheds taea te hanga i te oneone reo-calcareous.

Orenburg rāhui āhua i rerekē steppe Talovskaya ngonge whakawhanakehia hydrography. E māngai whatunga awa rerenga wai anake rangitahi. Ko reira te hikuwai o awa me Malaya Talovaya Sadomna, i roto i te rohe, ratou e kore e whai i te rere tamau. Hoki i reira he kore faaiteraa o manawa whenua.

Talovskaya steppe Ko te paearu, steppes Zavolzhskaya-Ural. rohe hanganga tinana i hanga syrt-plakor, interfluvial tāwakawaka me raorao-momo girder.

urupa Historical me whaipara wahi

I runga i te rohe i reira he he puranga tanumanga, mahara o te ahurea Sarmatian. Ka taea te kitea te reira i runga i te rohe ki te raki-hauauru o te pae i te taumata o 198,9 m. Ko te uara whaipara ahurei, e ngā rahui "Orenburg" tenei.

Kaiwhakahaere o te rohe tiakina

Kua Order o te Minita o Rauemi Natural me Ecology o te whenua o August 19, 2013 te kaiwhakahaere o te rahui kua whakaritea Rafil Talgatovna Bakirov. Ko te mātanga nui, PhD, kairuruku o te kaupapa UN koraha i te taumata-rohe, ahorangi tuarua, upoko o te tari ture o te Whare Wānanga Agricultural rohe, e collaborates Rahui "Orenburg" tenei. Bakirov rerekē moni haavare ore i roto i te angitu o ngā mahi. He ngaio tūturu me pūngao mimiti: konei ka tupu anake te wāhi tiaki.

Ko Orenburg State Reserve i roto i te ringa pai. Käore e kore te ngaio, me te kawa o te kaiwhakahaere hou. Ki te te whakahaere mahi i roto i te rāhui e taea te kitea i roto i te pāpāho. miramira ratou nga tukanga māori e puta ana i roto i te koraha, ngā taiao, ngā whakataetae, whakaputa me te pānuitanga. Nā ki rata ana tenei rahui te natura maha tūruhi.

hōtaka haerenga

A, no te toro koe whakahe te natura ahurei iwi e kore anake kia mohio ki te tikanga taiao ahurei o ngā wāhi e tiakina. I roto i te tere, ka taea e ngā manuhiri ite te fragility o ona whanaungatanga, ngāwari destructible raro i te mana o te tangata.

Ki te rā, ka taea e te rahui haere i roto i wha ara haerenga mātauranga, me te mōhiohio. Tenei "Tu'uloa World" Trans-Urals, Trans-Täingäwai rohe, Urals tonga, Urals.

kararehe

Rahui "Orenburg" kua he kararehe whakaaro nei te angamaheni mo te rohe rohe. Kei te māngai reira e nga momo e whai ake nei o te kararehe steppe:

• Hepurona.
• Kestrel.
• Belladonna.
• Bustard.
• Lemming.
• Slepushonki a na i runga i.

Kei hoki Orenburg Reserve, kararehe me ngā tipu e he i raro i te tiaki motuhake, āhuatanga momo maha o rohe ngahere te hōtoke. Tenei kiore Pākehā matuku, hiako, Lynx, kestrel, kararehe-kukupa, grouse, Scops Owl, rakau kukupa. Ano, i roto i te wāhi tiaki nohoia e ngā māngai o te āhua-koraha, i roto i ngā, matuku roa-i ngakia, he manu iti. I te tahi taime i reira he he māngai kanapa o ngā momo Tundra - ruru hukarere.

He kanorau, me te ngā taonga rohe kararehe Modern. Tenei e te aroaro kararehe - e pā ana ki 48 ngā momo, manu - 190 ngā momo o te ngarara - 7 momo o amphibians - 5 momo o ika - 6 momo, 1,000 momo o pepeke. Orenburg Reserve, kua whakaaturia i raro nei, tiaki o te rauwiringa kaiao katoa nei photo.

Hoki kararehe ngā whitu momo o kaikiko, 23 - kiore 3 - pekapeka 9 - konihi 4 - artiodactyla, 2 - lagomorphs. He noa i roto i ngā wāhanga katoa o te rohe tiakina Mō 15 momo o enei kararehe. I roto ia ratou, marmots, squirrels whenua, voles, kiore, Lemming, kiore birch, jerboa, pokiha, wuruhi, hea, koni, polecat, wihara, Korsak.

Flora

Rahui "Orenburg" Kei neke atu i te 600 ngā momo no ki te ao whakato. Tenei ahua, ko te pā ana ki 40% o te katoa maha o ngā momo o otaota tipu katoa i runga i te parae. I roto ia ratou taime tūranga nui e kua ora noa. I roto i te pukapuka Whero o te whenua whakarōpūtia 23 momo o tipu. He maha ngā momo o otaota e ora i roto i te wāhi tiaki, tirohia ki te maunga-koraha Petrophytes tauira kopeechnik serebrolistny, cloves Ural, astragalus Guelma, Silene Pahikia.

Rahui "Orenburg" he hiranga motuhake mo to tatou whenua. I tona rohe i taea ki te tiaki i te pūnaha kaiao ahurei o whenua te rohe steppe taupae. Ko te ao i roto i nei kahore he manukanuka me te ahotea, te rangatiratanga o te natura, me te au maite, i te mea nui ki te tiaki.