Station "Mirny" i roto i Antarctica: te taunga, rawa

Antarctica - te tuawhenua tonga, a rawa makariri, i te mea o te whakatipu moni e tika ana ki ngā huringa āhuarangi tata i runga i te ao me te scarcity te whakanui ake o te wai hou. Tenei fenua, i manukawhakitia hōpara me discoverers. Ko te teihana Soviet rawa tuatahi "rangimarie" tohua te timatanga o nui-unahi rangahau i roto i Antarctica Soviet me pūtaiao Russian. A ahakoa i tenei ra e rima teihana neke motu te fenua, ki te mahi me te mahi rite te turanga, me te tautoko i ngā kaihōpara neke tonu te tuatahi.

Ūnga - teihana "rangimarie" (Antarctica)

I runga i te rohe ki te rawhiti o Antarctica i te rängai Indian o te Southern Ocean, i runga i te rohe o Davis, i roto i ngā āhuatanga kino, te wahi e kore e te pāmahana toharite marama tupu me-puta noa i te tau, me 204 nga ra i te tau kei te pupuhi te hau i te tere o te neke atu i te 15 m / hekona., Ko reira konei ko te teihana neke tenei. Faaau teihana "rangimarie" 66 ° 33'30 "ahopae ki te tonga, me te 93 ° 00'02" ahopou rawhiti. Kei te teihana kei te tata i te Arctic Circle, i 10 Hakihea ki te 10 January, e kore te ra whakatakoto ana, ka karanga te mea i te ra poara. Na hei utu o te po neke, kakarauri neke konei te toenga katoa o te tau.

teihana pākoki "rangimarie": te hītori o te hanga

I roto i te Hānuere 1956, te kaipuke diesel hiko "Ob" u ki runga ki nga takutai o Moana Davis. Construction me te rangahau pūtaiao arahina Mikhail Somov - he kaipūtaiao tino me te kaihōpara pākoki me te upoko o te hotoke Russian tuatahi i roto i Antarctica. I hanga te teihana ki runga ki te outcrops toka wha. mahi matou katoa 86 ngā mema waka 12 haora i te ra. Ahakoa tahuri kino te rangi i roto i te Hui-tanguru, kihai i mutu i te mahi. Kua 13 Huitanguru 1956 i te pae tipu "rangimarie" i whakaarahia e te haki kāwanatanga o te USSR, a puritia ona whakatuwheratanga rahi. ngā te teihana o Radio Center, kokorangi, fare rangahau, hokohoko, me te noho whare, pokapū hauora me outbuildings turuki. i hanga Tapeke 21 hanganga, te nuinga o ratou ki te whakawera pokapū.

Observatory "Rangimarie"

O te tio katoa i runga i te fenua, ko te matamua tenei. Kei i te teitei o 35 mita i runga ake te taumata moana, ki te hauauru o te awa kōpaka putanga Helen. Mai i Hui-tanguru 1956 ki te ra nei e whakahaere ngā kitenga radiation METEOROLOGICAL me solar, auau rōnihi radiosondes. Mai i töna tïmatanga, ko reira te turanga matua o ngā haerenga Antarctic Russian, e hanga nei e o ngā mahere huarere, tuhia ru, me te tiaki i ngā kitenga ionospheric. Anake mai 1971, te teihana "rangimarie" ki te arata'ihia e te teihana "Tupú" kua e kua tahuri i raro i te Antarctic Meteorological Center.

Aerodrome "rangimarie" teihana

I roto i te 1990, hei hukarere me te teihana tio rererangi kua taea e tika ana ki te maha kapiti. No te maha o nga tau, i rūri te rapu mo te wahi hou. Mai-tanguru 2016 riro te teihana rererangi hou te poari tuatahi. tangohia ake US-tura'ihia ai poari ski Basler Turbo i te teihana 61 ope Antarctic Russian, mahue 21 mo te hotoke poara. Ko te faufaa o tenei hui i roto i te wahi tuatahi ko e te hononga hau ki te mano tonga tuawhenua o nga wa iti atu i te moana. He faaho'iraa mai o te rererangi i te teihana "rangimarie" whakarei kairangahau.

teihana rangahau Modern i Antarctica, "te rangimarie"

I teie mahana, Ko te teihana a tawhio 15-20 hei wāhanga o te rōpū METEOROLOGICAL me Faitatau ko tēra ki te kohinga raraunga METEOROLOGICAL me faaineineraa o ngā mahere huarere. Ko te kaimahi rangahau āhuarangi kore anake mahi i te teihana. He aroturuki rakau ika i roto i nga wai o te Southern Ocean, aroturuki i te āmiotanga o āmiorangi, he rangahau geodetic me geophysical o magnetosphere o te whenua. Ko tino nui - te aroturuki i ngā āhuatanga tio me kaha nekehanga rapunga o oko rangahau i roto i te rohe.

Ko te tino tikanga tuku iho

meinga te teihana he kuwaha mo te tūhura o Antarctica ki runga ki te wahi o te USSR. I roto i te taua 1956 Whakawhiti koi-moka i "te rangimarie" Kua tae te Tonga Geomagnetic Pou, kei hea tenei ra ko te teihana Russian "Vostok". Station "rangimarie" tenei ra - te rohe takutai me ratou marae-piha, me te turanga rangahau kaha. Ko te putanga o te USSR i te fenua tonga i te waenganui o te Cold War, maere e, kua arahina ki te mutunga i te 1959 i roto i Washington, DC tiriti tuatau i runga i Antarctica. Poiete kirimana te haere noa o rangahau me te aukati o te militarization o te fenua, te kore o te mana arii i runga i te whenua i tetahi whenua, me te kanga ki runga ki te whakamātautau o patu. Na te teihana "rangimarie" kua pono riro te fa'a fakaleleí o te fenua tonga.

meka whakangahau

• Na i tenei ra, te korero pai ki te 80-tohu matao - putu. teihana pākoki makariri i roto i te Tiri o, he meka whakapumautia e maha whakaahua.
• kaihōpara pākoki kore whakararatatia kororā. Koinei, ahakoa te tatanga pātata, enei manu e kore e whakararatatia, ahakoa kahore e wehi o te tangata. Kei te whakamatauria te reira e rite ratou waiata puāwaitanga - haere mai ratou ofi ki te whakarongo ia. Otiia kihai i rite ki te kamaka.
• haere ki te teihana Antarctic kamupene Tourism i roto i te ao whakahere. I teie mahana, ki te toronga tuawhenua tonga i roto i te raupapa haere i waenganui i te 200 me te 1,000 nga tangata maia te tau.
• Ka taea e tangata Russian whiwhi raraunga o te Antarctic. Big waru whenua (Russia, USA, Canada, Japan, UK, Germany, Italy ko France) kua hainatia he kawenata i raro i ai e tīmata i te fenua tonga o te hōtaka whakataunga i roto i te 2020. Ko te kōwhiringa o pakeke, me te motuhake, engari he whai wāhi ki te riro i te tangata o Antarctica i nga tangata o to tatou paraneta.
• I runga i nga noho tuawhenua tonga kore. I roto i te raumati o teihana rangahau 40 i roto i Antarctica ko e pā ana ki e rima mano kaimahi, a ka he e pā ana ki te mano iwi i roto i te hotoke.

Ko te ingoa o te teihana "rangimarie" i roto i te kororia o tetahi o nga minaminatia ana e rua, e i roto i Hānuere 1820 i raro i te ārahitanga o Tariu Bellinghausen me Mikhail Lazarev kitea fenua tonga, me te tuatahi ki te tae ona takutai. Ka rite ki te tohu o te haere tonutanga i te whanaketanga o te teihana tuawhenua nui tonu i tenei ra ki te whakatutuki i äna mahi rite te wāhi tohutoro me te piriti, me ngā āhuatanga mua o to tatou wa, me te ko te kaitiaki o moana, me te whenua nekehanga.