Submarine Giant-piha "Akula" Project 941: tirohanga whānui, ngā āhuatanga

Class ruku "mango" Ko tonu te lekooti tūturu o te USSR. I roto i te whakaterenga motuhake o 120 nga ra, i te reira ngāwari whakawhiti te moana hia me te kaha ia ki te wahi i te huka Arctic matotoru, a patua whāinga o te hoariri i roto i te tuku i te paura missiles ballistic katoa i roto i te wa poto. I teie mahana, kitea te whakamahi hoki e kore e taea e te reira, a ka he kerekere tona aitua.

to tatou whakahoki

Ko te iwi ringa wherahia i waenganui te USSR me te United States, kī e ngā taha e rua o te whakautu tika ki te mau tamataraa tahi. I roto i te tau 70 i patu te United States kaipuke ki te displacement o 18.7 taranata. Ko tōna tere 200 wae, ngā i roto i te taputapu me te mīhini, rite te pere raro whakarewa he hohonu o te 15 ki te 30 mita. I roto i te whakautu, ka ui te pūtaiao Soviet me te matatini hōia-ahumahi o te ārahitanga i te whenua o te hanganga o te hangarau pai.

I roto i te Hakihea 1972, i tukuna ai ngā whakaritenga rauhanga, me te hangarau ki te hanga i tētahi waka ruku ki te KarereHuna "mango" me te maha 941. Tīmata o mahi hanga tīmata ki te whakatau a te kāwanatanga ki te tīmata te whakawhanake i whakaritea te kaupapa i ki te mahi i CDB "Rubin". kua puta te whakatinanatanga o te whakaaro hoahoa i roto i te hangar nui o te ao - i te "Sevmash", whakapapanga ka mau wahi i roto i te tau 1976. I roto i te hanga o te waka ruku i hanga e rave rahi apî hangarau, tetahi o ratou - te tikanga whakahiato-modular o te hanganga e tino whakaiti i te wa o te otinga. I teie mahana, whakamahia tenei tikanga te whānui i roto i nga mea katoa o te pahi, engari ko te waka ruku "Akula" piha te tuatahi i roto i nga mea katoa.

I te mutunga o Hepetema 1980 i te hanga kaipuke o Severodvinsk i whakarewahia i roto i te Moana White, te waka ruku tuatahi "Akula" Project 941. E ai ki te kōrero, kua te moana ranei, i roto i te kopere o te waka ruku e tuku iho ra ano taua mea ki te wai, i raro peitatia te waterline i niho mangō tahanga kau, hiku takaia Trident. I muri i te heketanga ki te tuhi moana ngaro i raro i te wai, me te kore logo kite ano, engari mahara o te iwi, apo hoki tohu me tohu, hoatu tonu te ingoa o te cruiser - ". Mango" riro katoa o te whai ake ruku momo 941 te taua ingoa, me hoki ngā mema o waka i whakaurua ratou ake tohu i roto i te puka o whiu i runga i te ringaringa ki te pikitia o te mango. I roto i te cruiser US i hoatu te ingoa "Typhoon".

hoahoa

piha Underwater "mango" poti i roto i te hanganga rite te hourua - rua kuhunga, ia o ratou kua he diameter o 7.2 mita, e whakaritea whakarara ki tahi i te tahi i roto i te manureva whakapae. Kei te wehenga hiri ki te kōwae mana kei waenganui i te tinana matua e rua, i reira he mana mamao me te engineering irirangi rākau o te riri cruiser. he wae Rocket i mua o te kaipuke i waenganui i te takere. Ki te neke atu i tetahi wahi o te kaipuke ki tetahi atu ko taea hoki te whakawhitinga e toru. I titoa te takere katoa o 19 compartments kaimono.

He mua o Project 941 ( "mango") i roto i te hanga, i roto i te tapahi i te turanga, e rua kaha ruma pakū-hōneatanga mō mahi katoa o te waka. Wehenga, e whare te tari pokapū, kei tata te kei o te cruiser. hipokina Titanium Plating rua tinana pokapū, te pou pokapū, ruma tōkiri, te toenga o te mata tuia te maitai, i runga i nei humarie huna te paninga pāorooro i te pūnaha poti aroturuki.

Mua wira retractable he hoahoa whakapae i roto i te kopere o te kaipuke. Ka whakapūmautia tapahi waho, me te rite rawa ki te hanganga tuanui porohita, ahei ki te wahi i mata tio mārō ka manu, i roto i ahopae te raki.

āhuatanga o

I runga i te mana tāuta momo ruku 941 o te toru o nga kōwae whakatupuranga (ko ratou kaha 100,000 rita. S.) momo Poraka, i diluted whakanohonga ki e rua poraka i roto i te takere pēhanga, te whakaiti i te āhuatanga o Nei. Ko te kupu i ake mahi.

Otiia i hanga e kore e anake tenei taahiraa nga submarines piha rongonui "mango." Āhuatanga Gem ngā rua pressurized wai piere OK-650 me rua mamaoa-momo mīhini huri hiko. Kua whakaaetia taputapu katoa huihui kore anake ki te whakapiki ake i te tōtika o te mahi katoa o te waka ruku, engari tino whakaiti wiri, a i runga i, te whakapai ake i te mātao tangi o te kaipuke. E whakahohe tautuhinga mana karihi aunoa ina te supply mana hiko.

Whakatakotoranga:

• Length mōrahi - 172 mita.
• whanui mōrahi - 23.3 mita.
• teitei Body - 26 mita.
• Displacement (/ wai i runga raro) - 48 tana / 23.2 taranata ..
• Faaoromai, kahore papa whāriki - 120 ra.
• hōhonu rumaki (mōrahi / mahi) - 480 m / 400m.
• tere kauhoe (runga ake-te wai / raro) - 12 wae / 25 wae.

rākau

rākau o te riri Main - mārō missiles ballistic "Heitā" (taimaha tinana - 90 m, roa -.. 17.7 m). pere whānui o 8.3 th. kiromita, kua wehea te warhead ki te 10 warheads, ia o nei he kaha o te 100 kilotons o TNT me pūnaha arata'iraa takitahi.

Tīmata kariri katoa täoro ruku kia horomia kotahi wā poto i waenganui i nga wae pere tīmata. Rere kariri i hanga i te mata, me te ngaro, hōhonu mōrahi i te tīmatanga o 55 mita. āhuatanga hoahoa o te kariri pohewatia i roto i te pere 24, i muri mai heke ki te 20 wae.

āhuatanga

Mua o Project 941 "Akula" rite rawa ki te mana te tipu arā, o ngā waeine e rua, ka wehea i roto i rerekē nohoanga humarie taiepa. reactors taea ki i ara te pini taputapu, aunoa whakautu pūnaha i te iti mate o te kaha.

A, no te te tuku ohipa ki te hoahoa tetahi o nga tikanga whakahauanga i ki te whakarite i te haumaru o te kaipuke, me te waka, te whānuitanga haumaru pera-ka karanga, i tatau nei i te tikanga o te kaha hihiri me manatoko experimentally ngā kōpuku whare (e rua pakū-kōwae whakapuru ipu takirua kuhunga me pera i runga i. D.) .

Class ruku "mango" i hanga i te "Sevmash", te wahi āta o kua nui, kua hangaia, ka hanga hoki tona boathouse roto, kua āhuatanga tau toa 55. kaipuke o te kaupapa 941 i nui haere puāwai ranei te ao - neke atu i te 40%. Ki tino ngaro te kaipuke, kia waiho tona whakataimaha hawhe ona displacement, he aha i reira ko te ingoa tuarua - "kawe wai". Ko te whakatau i runga i te hoahoa taua hanga i ki te kanohi tawhiti-atarua - ki te kawe i roto i te hanga, me te ka tiaki ārai kia hiahiatia i runga i nga Ua monohia ngā me ngā wheketere hanga.

Ko te taua puāwai whakarite te ora o te kaipuke i roto i te ahopae te raki, te wahi e hiahia ana koe ki te wahi i ki te taupoki tio matotoru. Mua "Shark" Project 941 akakoromaki i pākaha pou tikanga raki, te wahi tio matotoru tae 2.5 m ki te tio me te tupuke tio influxes te rere. te kaha ki te whakatuwhera i te matotoru tio kua toutou faaite i roto i te mahi.

whakamarie Crew

Ko te waka o te submarine te nuinga oti ki te rangatira, rangatira whakamana. E noho rangatira matua i roto i te rua-me wha-moenga ruma rite rawa ki te TV, he oko horoi, whāhauhau, nga kakahu, tēpu, me te pera i runga i.

Heramana me rangatira teina riro i te tikanga whakamarie Kubrick. tikanga submarine ora i neke atu i whakamarie, i rite rawa anake kaipuke o tenei piha whare mo ngā mahi hākinakina, kaukau kaukauranga, solarium me te sauna. I roto i te tikanga e kore e ki te wahi i atu i te parau mau rawa i roto i te pakanga roa, kua hanga te rohe ora.

whakatakotoria ake

Neke atu i te te wā katoa o te hanganga o mua o te momo 941 i whakaaetia ai e te kau fakasio Navy ono:

• "Dmitry Donskoy" (TK - 208). Whāngai i roto i te Hakihea 1981, i muri i te whakahōunga tīmata ano ki te whakahaere ratonga i roto i te Hōngongoi 2002.
• TK-202. ka e ahau te kāinga tauranga me hoatu ki te mahi i roto i te Hakihea 1983. I te 2005, ka tapahia te kaipuke ki mau whakarewa.
• "Simbirsk" (FC-12). Whāngai i roto i te tāruru Northern i Hānuere 1985. I tikanga reira o roto 2005.
• TK-13. utua te cruiser i roto i Hakihea 1985. I roto i te 2009, ka tapahia te tinana ki te whakarewa o te waka ruku (reactors poraka shestiotsechny) Kua whakamaoritia ki te rokiroki wā roa-i te kola Peninsula.
• "Arkhangelsk" (FC-17). Rā mō te Navy - Whiringa 1987. Nā ki te kore o te matā mai 2006, kōrero te take o te whakamahi.
• "Severstal" (FC-20). Tautapatia ki nga rarangi o te Navy i Mahuru 1989. I te 2004 ka haere ia ki te rāhui e tika ana ki te kore o te ammo, inumia hoki te tikanga.
• TK-210. Orua Tohuwāhi hanga whare ki te tuuraki o te pūnaha ōhanga. ngaro ia pūtea me i wahia i roto i 1990.

i whakatōpū karihi submarine "Akula" piha ki tetahi wehenga, e te kaimahi rite te turanga mo People Western (Murmansk rohe). I oti whakatikatika Nerpichiya Bay i roto i te 1981. Hoki momo i rite rawa 941 kau fakasio ki raina kāinga pupuri, Ua monohia ki ngā āhuatanga motuhake, hanga he warou ahurei o 125 toni mo te uta missiles (e kore e faaue).

āhua o nāianei

Ki te rā, katoa e wātea ana karihi submarine "Akula" piha kei roto i te tauranga o te rēhita i te puka i tiaki, faaoti ratou whakarau. Ko te submarine "Dmitry Donskoy" i ake e taputapu tika "Bulava". E ai ki ngā pūrongo pāpāho, i whakaritea ai ki te hoko o ngā tūemi kore-te raveraa i roto i te 2016. Pou i runga i te whakatinanatanga o te mahere kihai i.

submarine Giant Kaupapa 941 "Akula", he tonu he patu ahurei, anake te cruiser, ahei o mau ana i runga i ohipa whawhai i roto i te Arctic. E tata ira ki anti-submarine, kei runga i US rākau ratou. Hoki, kahore o te hoariri pea e kore rawa hangarau ki te kitea rererangi cruiser raro i te huka.