Te pūngāwhā hāora rua. Tātai, whiwhi, āhuatanga matū

Waikura whanariki (whanariki hāorarua, te pūngāwhā hāora rua, te pūngāwhā hāora rua) - ko te hau te huitahi he kakara āhuatanga tikanga koi (kakara rite ki te ōritenga rauhanga). Liquefied i raro i te pēhanga i te pāmahana rūma. he wairewa i roto i te wai whanariki hāorarua, reira hanga waikawa pungatara iu. Ano hoki, rewa tenei taonga i roto i te waikawa pungatara me te waihā ewaro. Tenei Ko tetahi o nga wae matua o te hanganga o te hau puia.

Ka rite ki rite te pūngāwhā hāora rua

Takanga SO2 - whanariki hāorarua - tikanga ahumahi ngā i roto i te whanariki rīhi ranei o sulfides (Kei te nuinga whakamahia pyrite).

4FeS2 (pyrite) + 11O2 = 2Fe2O3 (rino waikura) + 8SO2 (whanariki hāorarua).

I roto i ngā āhuatanga taiwhanga, e taea te whiwhi te hāorarua whanariki i te mahi o kaha waikawa hydrosulfites me whākawa. Ko te kupu decomposes tonu te waikawa sulfurous hua ki te wai, me te pūngāwhā hāora rua. Hei tauira:

Na2SO3 (konutai sulfite) + H2SO4 (waikawa pungatara) = Na2SO4 (konutai ngāwhā) + H2SO3 (waikawa sulfurous).
H2SO3 (waikawa sulfurous) = H2O (wai) + SO2 (whanariki hāorarua).

kitea te tikanga tuatoru o te whakaputa pūngāwhā hāora rua te ki te waikawa pungatara kukū mā te whakawera i runga i te konganuku iti kaha. Hei tauira: Cu (parahi) + 2H2SO4 (waikawa pungatara) = CuSO4 (parahi pūkawa ngāwha) + SO2 (whanariki hāorarua) + 2H2O (te wai).

āhuatanga matū o te pūngāwhā hāora rua

Ko te tātai o te pūngāwhā hāora rua - SO3. pā ana tēnei rauemi ki waikura waikawa.

1. memeha te hauhā whanariki i te wai, ai hanga waikawa pungatara. I raro i ngā āhuatanga noa, he reversible tenei tauhohenga.

SO2 (pūngāwhā hāora rua) + H2O (wai) = H2SO3 (waikawa sulfurous).

2. kawakore pūngāwhā hāora rua hanga sulfite. Hei tauira: 2NaOH (konutai waihā) + SO2 (whanariki hāorarua) = Na2SO3 (konutai sulfite) + H2O (te wai).

Ko feunga nui 3. Chemical mahi whanariki hau. Ko te āhuatanga whakaiti tino korerotia o te pūngāwhā hāora rua. I roto i taua tauhohe te tohu o piki whanariki piti hāora. Hoki tauira: 1) SO2 (whanariki hāorarua) + Br2 (pūkeha) + 2H2O (wai) = H2SO4 (waikawa pungatara) + 2HBr (hauwai pūkeha); 2) 2SO2 (whanariki hāorarua) + O2 (hāora) = 2SO3 (sulfite); 3) 5SO2 (whanariki hāorarua) + 2KMnO4 (pāhare) + 2H2O (wai) = 2H2SO4 (waikawa pungatara) + 2MnSO4 (konupora ngāwhā) + K2SO4 (pāhare pāporo pūkawa ngāwha).

whakautu whakamutunga - i te tauira o te whakautu-kounga tiketike ki SO2 me SO3. puta discoloration Waiporoporo) otinga.

4. I roto i ngā o te aroaro o kaha whakaiti te pūngāwhā hāora rua e taea whakaatu āhuatanga oxidizing. Hei tauira, i roto i te tikanga ki te tango i roto i te whanariki ahumahi metallurgical i hau flue, te whakamahi i faati'a faahou o pūngāwhā hāora rua ki te waro haukura (CO): SO2 (whanariki hāorarua) + 2CO (te waro haukura) = 2CO2 (hauhā) + S (whanariki).

Hoki e whakamahia ana ngā āhuatanga oxidative o tenei taonga te ki whiwhi ksiloty fosfornovaristoy: PH3 (phosphine) + SO2 (whanariki hāorarua) = H3PO2 (waikawa fosfornovaristaya) + S (whanariki).

Hea te pūngāwhā hāora rua whakamahia

Ko te tikanga e whakamahia ana te pungatara hāora ki te whakaputa i te waikawa pungatara. Kei te whakamahia hoki reira rite te rokiroki (E-220) i roto i te hanga o inu ngawari (waina, me te tahi atu inu kāwai utu toharite). Nā ki ki te taonga o tenei hau patua he momo o microorganisms, fumigated ratou warehouses me toa huawhenua. I tua atu, kei te whakamahia whanariki hāorarua mō te bleaching huruhuru, hiraka, he kakau witi (aua rauemi e kore e taea te tarautete ki māota). I roto i te taiwhanga o te pūngāwhā hāora rua whakamahia te rite te whakarewa me te ki te whiwhi ngā tai o te waikawa sulfurous.

pānga whaiaroaro

He he āhuatanga kaha paitini pūngāwhā hāorarua. Tohu o te paihana - he mare, ihu mātihetihe, whango, he reka moku, i roto i te mangai, he ngaoko kaha i roto i te korokoro i te. Inhalation o pūngāwhā hāora rua i nohanga teitei whakatika fifi horomia me rāoa, whakararuraru kupu, whakapairuaki, me kia whakawhanake edema pūkahukahu whakapeka ruaki.

MPC o pūngāwhā hāora rua:
- rō whare - 10 mg / m³;
- toharite rangi mahi-i roto i te mōrahi - 0.05 mg / m³.

Tūtohutanga ki te pūngāwhā hāora rua i roto i te tangata takitahi, he rerekē ngā tipu me ngā kararehe. Hei tauira, i roto i te tino ātete rakau birch me oki, me te iti rawa - te puruhi me te pine.