Vladimir Nabokov, "te Luzhin Defense": whakarāpopoto

Nabokov pūrākau "Te Luzhin Paruru", he whakarāpopototanga o e kawea mai matou ki tou whakarongo, ka kite te marama i roto i te 1930. E ai ki fakaangá maha, kawea kua te kaituhi o tenei mahi ki te aronga o te hapori tuhituhi Russian, mahi i roto i te hekenga.

whakaahua ana i te tae kanapa, engari ahua pouri Nabokov te mau fifi o te ora o te kaitākaro chess pūmanawa, kua meinga hoki e te ao i waho he whakapakoko whakaata o te kēmu chess.

Poroporoaki ki Childhood

Katoa raumati, Ahatia iti Sasa Luzhin ki ana matua i roto i te whenua, a i roto i te hinga hoki te whānau ki St. Petersburg, i roto i te fare pa. Tenei tau i roto i te ora o te tamaiti, he tonu i roto i te tiaki o te kaitiaki tamariki, he Frenchwoman, me puta huringa ohorere: ua faaite papa o Sasha e ka haere ia ki te kura. frightens tenei rongo ata tamaiti kāinga. Tona whakaaro mō te mamae o te kōrero rā ki ō rātou hoa heke mai. Na ka tīmata te kōrero o o te maramarama i mua nei i roto i te pukapuka te whakarau, i runga i te uhi o nei ahu mai te tuhituhinga laconic: "." "Vladimir Nabokov," te Luzhin Defence. He whakarāpopototanga o te pene ruarua tuatahi korero e pā ana ki te wheako tamarikitanga o te hero taitamariki.

A, no te te te whakarite i te whānau Luzhin i te mutunga o te wa raumati, e kohikohi ana i nga mea e tika ana, ki te tukua atu ki te pa, Sasa tika ki te teihana tereina rere atu ki te ngahere. Torikiriki ua whaia te pakeke iti ki te whare kainga. Boy piri i roto i te tuanui i te tumanako e ka kitea i te reira e kore tetahi reira. I roto i paraurehe tuanui tikanga kite Sasha te chessboard tawhito, tonu mōhio o te tūranga takaro e te kaupapa i roto i tona ora i muri mai. Maoro, pakeke kitea te tangata haereere, me pāhau Miller i runga i te ringa te maua e te tamaiti i roto i te ara pereoo. Mawehe ki kākaá tamarikitanga kia karanga tetahi tenei wahi o te pūrākau "Te Luzhin Defense". Tuhinga o nga upoko o te mahi katoa whakamōhio te kaipānui ki te mau mana'o taiohi whakaraerae, arotahi tangata taitama me nga tangata pakeke.

Kura o te riri, me te pōhēhē o te matua

Ngā hononga ki te hoa, me te mea wehi a Sasha, kihai ia i tāpiri ake. I te tuatahi, rawekengia nga tamariki ia Antosha ingoa te huru o tetahi o nga kōrero Luzhin matua, mahi i roto i te tuhi pukapuka o ngā tamariki. kōrero ngahau waihā i roto i te wāhitau pai Sasha kore ki te kite, e mutu ki a ia. Maoro, katoa wareware reira o pehea ki te titiro i te wahi takoto kau.

Ki te i matou ki te tuhituhi i te tuhinga roa poto i runga i te kaupapa: "V. Nabokov, "te Luzhin Paruru", he whakarāpopototanga o te tātaritanga o te hua, me te āhuatanga o te hero, "tetahi taea mea ki tino e puta whakangaro ai, me te taiohi kiripiro e tiaki taua ki tū ngā o te hapori i roto i tona ao roto. He ngāwari ki te kite i te tika o tenei whakapae, tonu te tai'oraa i te pūrākau.

Te papa, he marama tae mai te kura ki te ako e pā ana ki te angitu o tana tama, ki te whakarongo i te kaiako, te tamaiti, ahakoa kahore kahore kaha, engari rawa puhoi, me te bezynitsiativen. Advances i roto i te ako o ngā kaupapa kura kihai i Sasha whakaatu, i roto i kōrero ki ngā mātua i runga i te kaupapa o te ako pai ki te noho puku, i ētahi wā ia hui o te pakarutanga o te riri roa ho'i i. haamata Matua ki te whakapae e he mate o etahi mate hinengaro anake te tama, engari tonu te tūmanako e te tatari i te tamaiti mō te heke mai nui.

Ite i te ao o te chess

I runga i te tau o te mate o te koroua o Sasha i roto i te whare whakaritea Luzhin te ahiahi waiata, mai whakaaro te tangata tawhito mate i te kaitito pai. Ko tētahi o nga kaiwaiata i te āheinga, me nei aitua rere Sasha ki te tari o tona papa, i roto i te aparauraa poto, anaanatae korero o te kēmu whaikīngi, karanga reira he "tahitanga o nga Atua." Kei te mohiotia te reira e te toi o te tuhi raruraru chess hiahia, me te ara Vladimir Nabokov. "Ko e Defense Luzhin" - he whakarāpopototanga o ana whakaaro e pā ana ki tenei kēmu tawhito, tona pānga i runga i te oraraa o te iwi.

Te aonga ake, ka mauria whaea o te tamaiti i te whawhai ki tona papa, suspecting tana tahu o te taiata, whati kotahi ano Sasha ki tona tari. Tenei ko te whanaunga nekehia e toru nga wa te whaea, kei te toro te whare Luzhin. Ko tenei wahine te take o te tutukitanga i waenganui i te mau metua. ui te tamaiti whakaakona tona whaea keke ia ki te tākaro chess. Ia otoheraa i raro i te take e taea te tango i te ako rawa nui te wā. whakanonoi te tamaiti i runga i tona ake, a ka whakaatu tona whaea keke, ki te mapu e founga ki te whakarite i te whika, whakamārama nga ture o te kaupapa i runga i te chessboard. I mawhiti tuatahi, te mau ohipa i roto i te pūrākau "Te Luzhin Paruru", he whakarāpopototanga o e e tamata tatou ki te kawe i, whakawhanake āta, me te tino noa.

mautohe tamarikitanga

I te mātakitaki i Kotahi ra Sasha te kēmu o whaikīngi ki ratou hoa. Tino ohorere ite te tamaiti e, e kore te taea ki te tākaro, mahino te pānga mīharo ko nui nui atu i ona hoa. I tenei kau i roto i tona ngakau tupulaki mahere ki te whakatinana i te āta Sasa timata te ata i muri. I roto i te wahi o te pūrākau "Te Luzhin Paruru", he whakarāpopototanga o e taea hāngai te maha o ngā kōrero nui, i reira mai tetahi o nga ngā.

He whakaware i haere ia ki te kura, he kore te tamaiti e haere ana akomanga, whakapau ra roa i roto i te whare o te whaea keke whanaunga tuarua. wahine Young homai ia ona haapiiraa matamua i roto i te kēmu o chess. Na ka tīmata whakangungu a Sasha ki ngā i roto i te tangata tawhito, e te mea maha he āheinga o toku whaea keke ia. Mō matangarotanga kura hohoro riro matua mohiotia i roto i te whare ano mura ake take he. Otiia kei te kore māharahara Sasha, ia anaanatae tirohia makasini, te tākaro kēmu whaikīngi ki runga ki a ratou.

Ko te mate tuatahi, me te timatanga o te mahi chess

He wiki i muri mai, kua kite i te kuao Luzhin i pā ana ki te mate o te tangata koroheke, ka mau ia i nei mau haapiiraa. Tenei rongo Ko te pikaunga taimaha i runga i te tamaiti konä i ngoikore. Ngā mātua i ki te tango atu Sasha ki waho ki te whakarato maimoatanga mō tautohetia wehenga io.

I muri i te tahi mau wa hoki te whaea ki Russia, tonu Alexander ki tona papa. maha puta Luzhin matua i roto i te iwi whānui ki te kotiro, i roto i nei te tamaiti ako i tona whaea keke whanaunga tuarua. I maoro mai i St Petersburg waea kauwhau i te mate o te whaea o Sasha.

Matua, tama, î ki weriweri whaikīngi, tukua ki a ia whai wāhi i roto i ngā whakataetae. toa te tamaiti o muri tetahi wikitoria i muri i tetahi, tīmata tenei mahi ki te kawe rongo me te moni e kore e anake. Ko te whakahaere o ngā whakataetae whaikīngi me simul kua rawa ngā e te tangata - Mr. Valentine.

Life i roto i te whakarau, me te faaipoiporaa

i akina atu e te Pakanga o te Ao Tuatahi, me te Oketopa Revolution te whānau Luzhin hopea noho ki waho, tangohia ratou ake noho i roto i Berlin. I roto i te 1928, ki Luzhin te papānga o matua e pā ana ki tona whakaaro tawhito tuhituhi i te pukapuka e pā ana ki te tangata taitama pūmanawa nei mate wawe. āta whakaaro taipitopito hua i roto i, engari ārai whakatinana i tēnei mahere te tahi mea. I maoro riro te reira mārama e te kaituhi ia ia kia-whai roa ki te ora: kia rite ki te hua o te matao nui whakawhanake ia mate pūkahukahu, āhuatanga mate ohorere.

tahuri Young Luzhin ki te tangata pakeke ki tona ahua hunched taimaha e tonu tona mahi chess. tona wikitoria rōpū katoa oti tonu i roto i te heke mai tata, tumanako ia ki te riro i te taitara. I faaineine hoki tetahi o nga whakataetae tino nui tutaki Alexander ki te kotiro Russian i te mau utuafare manene. ka mea te wahine taitamariki Luzhin te he poto, a hohoro, ahakoa nga whakahe o matua, te tango ia ia.

Mixing kēmu ki mooni

whakahaere ore kaitākaro whaikīngi ki te waiho i muri nga whakataetae katoa. Engari kia whakatakotoria i roto i te tautohe ki te hoariri maoro tenei whakataetae - GM i whānau Italy Turati. haukotia Haora o te whawhai kei te me e kore e whakatau i te toa, te tūranga i runga i te chessboard fakakite mai he Unuunu.

E mea uaua ki te tākaro ope tino fakaongosia Luzhin, ārahi ki ano wehenga me te wā roa-tetahi mate io. I runga i te kupu tohutohu o te wahine a te tākuta whai ana ki te ūkui haamana'oraa katoa o Alexander whaikīngi, e ngana ana ki kahore huanga o te kēmu kihai i haere mai puta noa ona kanohi. Otiia i roto i nga wā chess roro kirika o te ora tūturu te mau Kapi tonu ki raruraru chess.

Valentine, o nei te whakamutunga torutoru nga tau kahore i rongo, manatu tona karanga waea, tono hoki te hui ki Luzhin. Wife, tautāwhi ma'i Alexander Valentinov whakakahore tona tono. I roto i te mahere tata o te hoa faaipoipo - te nekehanga ki tetahi atu pa, me te aroaro o taua toro urupa o tona papa. Here timata tatou ki te imi aha te ingoa i homai ki tona mahi Nabokov - "Te Luzhin Defense". hopoi mai tatou i Tuhinga o vahe o tenei pūrākau ofi ange ki te denouement o te wahi.

whakaaro katoa o te poto chess whai wāhi i roto i te tātaritanga o te kēmu oti. I roto i tona whakaaro, tangohia mongamonga chess whakapakoko o te iwi ki nei i tutaki ake ia, me nga nuku kēmu e pā ana ki te mahi o etahi atu e ratou ake mahi ranei. Ko te upoko ngohi te Luzhin mahere tiaki te rapu ki whakaeke hoariri. kaitākaro Chess Ko tino e te ohorere, ara tahuri korokē anake, taea ki te wahi i ngaahi founga a te hoariri, ko te. I te wa ano, te maua e rautaki chess runga ki ngā tūturu ao.

rapu fakamamahi mō te ahunga whakamua pono

Kotahi ra, haere mai ki te pa, haere tahi e tona wahine me te whaea-i roto i-Luzhin rau ratou i raro i te take o te haere ki te niho. kotiti ia nga ara, haere mai te reira i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā wāhi, rite nga ara huanane. matau ia e kore e taea ki te whakatutuki i he kahore hou, mohiotia tona nekehanga katoa te whaikīngi hoariri katoa o enei mahi, na te wikitoria ia. Ko te Defense - he whakarāpopototanga o te rautaki ora e te iwi ki te take hauora hinengaro e pā ana ki te kēmu o chess.

Tata tona whare, tutaki Luzhin i te tomokanga ki te hoa tawhito Valentine. Ko te tangata i roto i te nohoanga motokā me tango ki te studio, te wahi mahi ia i tenei ra. tamata Valentine ki whakapati Luzhin ki whetu i roto i te kiriata āhuatanga ki te whai wāhitanga o ēnei kaitākaro. mana'o Alexander e te rangahau - kia te take anake ki te whakakikī i te reira ki te rōpū ngaro hanga ki te hanga i te neke he.

He otinga tohunga ki te mnogohodovki matatini

mai te kāinga Luzhin, whakauaua te putanga mai ki te papa runga. Ia hohoro tīmata ki te haere i roto i te whaitua ruma, ahakoa tono ki te mutu karanga wahine, me te whakamārama he aha i haere i runga i. I te pae hopea oti Luzhin e tona marathon i runga i te tepu ro'i nga tirotiro o ana whitiki, a ka kihi te ringa o tana wahine. "Kitea te nekehanga tika anake! Me koe tika ki te waiho i te kēmu, hinga i roto o te reira "-! tenei whakaaro turama matia poto whakaaro chess.

I tenei ahiahi i roto i te whare karangatia manuhiri. Whakarongo ki te mowhiti tuatahi i te tatau, rere e'a te pononga, taku wahine he mai mai. e ia he kau kiia Luzhin i te kaukau. E tu ana i runga i nga whata konei piki kaimahi Alexander ki runga te matapihi tiketike matapihi e. Ana waewae nao waho, ia hohonu hau te rangi hukapapa. a wiri te tatau i raro i te aroraa o te iwi mo mārama rongo te reo o tona wahine. Otiia kahore he kaitākaro chess mahuenga. i rite ki te hanga i te tahuri whakamutunga ārahi ki te wikitoria, me te haere noa mutunga ia. He meneti i muri mai kei te tonu patototanga te tatau ki te kaukau i roto i, engari i reira i kahore tetahi ki te whakaora kua.

Ko te kupu mutu te pene whakamutunga o te pūrākau, te wahi o e mau te whakaahuatanga o te ra, a kore he tino ornateness te taitara (engari faaoti ki kaituhi - Vladimir Nabokov) - "Ko e Luzhin Defense". taea te whakatakiruatanga o Comments e pā ana ki tenei mahi ki te faaite katoa i roto i te rerenga kōrero kotahi: te pikaunga o maramarama, taea ki te kore te tu katoa. Otiia e kore e ko te hara ki, engari te aitua o te iwi, e hua ana ki te taranata rawa tenei. He kore i te reira?