Wai patua Alexander 2 me te aha? A, no te i patua Alexander e 2?

haere te Emperor raro i roto i te hītori me te epithet 'Liberator', kawea atu i te moe o te iwi rau tau-tawhito i runga i te whakakāhoretanga o serfdom, ko te patunga o te iwi i te taua iwi, ki te tikanga o te ora i hoatu e ia na nui kaha. Tona mate whakaara ake maha pātai i roto i hītori. E matau ana tatou ki te ingoa o te kaiwhakatuma maka he poma, ka, otiia, te pātai "He aha i patua Alexander 2? 'A e kore whakahoki mārama ki tenei ra.

Hanganga me ratou mau hopearaa

mahi State Alexander 2 kia mahi hei faahoho'araa o te whakatauki rongonui "kapi katoa i te koronga pai ara ki te reinga." Kake te torona i te tau o toru tekau-ono nga tau, i hanga e ia he raupapa o panoni tuwhena. whakahaere ia ki te whakaoti i kino hoki Russia te Crimean War, he rahua tūnga tona papa - Nicholas I. Whakakorea serfdom. māperetanga whakapumautia, whakaurua te kāwanatanga ā-rohe, me te kua meinga whakahou ture. I tua atu, te whakahaere ia ki faaiti i te aukatinga me te whakahaere haere ki waho.

Heoi, ko te hua o ana timatanga pai katoa, ngā i roto i te hītori o Russia rite he "whakahounga rahi", ko te impoverishment o peasants, wetekina i pononga, engari tangohia o ratou puna matua o te oranga - te whenua; kēkeno o ratou rangatira o mua - rangatira; pirau, hipoki ao katoa o te kāwanatanga; he raupapa o hape meapango i roto i te kaupapa here ke. Oia mau, i roto i te huinga o enei āhuatanga katoa a kia rapu i te whakahoki ki te pātai o te aha i patua Alexander 2.

Ko te timatanga o te aho o whakaeke

I roto i te aamu Russian kihai i te ariki, e pai kia pera wā me pērā tamata ki whakamatea. Alexander 2 I hanga e ono nganatanga, te whakamutunga o i whakamatauria mate hoki ia. i mua i ara te "Narodnaya Volya" - he whakahaere i patua Alexander 2 - whakaaturia tino ona oraraa, te rārangi o nga whakaeke kaiwhakatuma whakatuwheratia he Dmitry Karakozov kotahi. April 4, 1866 (e hoatu ngā rā katoa i roto i te tuhinga, kāhua hou), koperea ia te Hiha, e haere mai i roto o te kuwaha o te kari Summer i runga i te parepare Neva. Kāore i tutuki te pere, e whakaorangia te ora o Alexander.

hanga te ngana muri i May 25, 1867 i roto i Paris ki manene Polish Anton Berezovsky. tupu tenei i roto i te tere o te Hiha ki Fair o te Ao. ngaro te shooter. Tona mahi ia i muri faataa ki te takitaki i te arii Russian mo te pehanga toto o te ngangaretanga Polish o 1863.

I aru tenei e te whakaeke April 14, 1879, tukua te āteha Collegiate mutu Aleksandrom Solovovym, wahi o te whakahaere "Whenua me Freedom". i taea ki te mataara mo te Emperor i te Palace Square i roto i tona haere mua, i whakamana i ia anake me kahore te tiaki ia. hanga te hoariri, kua rima matā, engari katoa ki kahore he pai.

Ko te tuatahi o nga tangata

1 Hakihea o te taua tau i hanga i tona nganatanga tuatahi i nga tangata, e patua Alexander 2 rua tau i muri mai. tamata ratou ki whakatangi ake te tereina kingi i roto i tona ara ki Moscow. Haukotia ki ite i to tatou mahere te bug tika ki nei i puhia ake e kore ko te hanganga, ka noho ahatia te Hiha.

A, i te pae hopea, he raupapa o ngā nganatanga rahua whakaoti whatitiri pahūtanga February 17, 1880 i runga i te papa tuatahi o te Winter Palace. hanga te reira i te mema o te whakahaere "o People Will" Stepan Khalturin. ko te take whakamutunga, ka whakaora i te whakarau o te Hiha oraraa tenei. Tenei wa Alexander 2 whakaorangia i te mate e te ūnga mutunga i te ra mo te tina, ka mahi i te mīhini raro i roto i tona ngaro. Kua whakaritea he kōmihana kāwanatanga motuhake i te wiki ki te aro terrorism, ka mau tonu te tikanga i roto i te whenua.

Toto i runga i te parepare awa

Fatal ki te Hiha ko March 13, 1881. I tenei ra, ia, kia rite ki mua, e hoki i te hōia whakarere i roto i te Mikhailovsky Manege. I muri te toro i te ara i te Grand Tiuka Catherine Mikhailovna, haere Alexander i runga i to ratou ara, ka haere ki te parepare o te Catherine Canal, te wahi tatari ia mo te tangata kohuru e.

Ko te ingoa o te tangata e patua Alexander 2, Kei te inaianei mohiotia pai ki te katoa. Ko te Pou, he ākonga o te St Petersburg Polytechnic Institute Ignatius Grinevitsky tenei. maka e ia he poma aru e tona hoa Nikolaem Rysakovym metnuvshy hoki mīhini raro, engari ki te kahore he pai. A, no te pakaru te pahūtanga tuatahi ka te Emperor i o te hariata, maka Grinevitsky ia he poma i raro i ona waewae. No ka tangohia emepera i werohia ki te Winter Palace, te wahi mate, kahore ngå mahara ia.

fakafepaki marae

I roto i te 1881, ka i patua ia Alexander 2, te mahi o te kōmihana kāwanatanga, ahakoa i hoatu waho te ongo o te mahi ohooho, Heoi, e au ra te reira rawa ke. Hītori whai take ki te whakapono e ko te mate o Alexander te hua o te whakatakotoria ana o te whiriwhiri marae, te tuatahi o katoa, pouri ki whakahounga ohaoha whakahaere e te Emepara, ka tuarua, wehi te pea o te kaupapa ture.

I tua atu, i te whānuitanga o te rangatira rawa ngā kaipupuri whenua o mua e ngaro ratou serfs, a ko te kupu kua tukua parekura nui. i te mārama take ki kino te Hiha ratou. Ki te whakaaro tatou i te mea i tenei koki, kia ai taua mea mārama he aha patua Alexander 2.

He mahue ke Tari Pirihimana

Tari o ngā mahi huuhuu meinga whakama ture. Kei te mohiotia te reira i e i roto i te wā i mua i te kohuru o te maha pūrongo o te whakaeke haamouraa, a tae noa tohu kua he wāhi taea kua riro. Heoi, e kore te e kore whakautu ki reira aru. Ano, ka te kaitiaki o te ture i korerotia ai e i runga i Malaya Sadovaya - ko reira tata te wahi i reira te Alexander kohurutia 2 - keri te ara o ona tohutohu taea, i iti ratou ki anake te tirohanga cursory o nga whare i i whakahaere te kauhanga i.

Kahore fakatokanga'i (ranei e kore e te kimi i te reira e tika ana ki te kite), kua whakaaetia te huuhuu kohuru ki tonu ki te faaineine i te whakaeke. E au ra te reira e āta wetekina ana te tangata i te ringa o te kino e hiahia ki te whakamahi i ratou ki te kawe i ō rātou mahere. Ko te whakapae, ko te meka e ka riro te ati kua wahi, ka haere te kingi, e i roto i te whare kia rite ki te pato'iraa kaha i, hopukina nga kaiuru katoa o te kōhurutanga i'oi'oi-maere. Käore e kore e mohio nga huuhuu rite te mea whakahaere patua Alexander 2.

raruraru o te tauatanga

I tua atu, ko te pātai o nei patua Alexander 2 (ranei atu tika, ko te kaiwhakahaere tino o te kohuru), ki te whakaaro me te raruraru dynastic i wahia atu i roto i te whare. Tana tama, me te kainga ki te torona, ko te heke mai mua Alexander III o, i take katoa ki te wehi mo ratou heke mai. Ko te take i ki te timatanga o taua tau, ka i patua ia Alexander 2, te Hiha, e papaki ana te tu i te wha tekau nga ra e hiahiatia ana i muri i te matenga o tana wahine tika Maria Alexandrovna, marenatia ki tona rangatira i tino Ekaterinoy Dolgorukovoy.

Hoatu e tona papa, neke atu i te kotahi faaite i mua i te hiahia ki te tango ia ia i te whare, i taea e ngāwari Aleksandr Aleksandrovich amo e ki te karauna whakaritea ia haere kore ki a ia, engari ki te tamaiti e kua whanau o te faaipoiporaa hou. Kia kore ai e taea e anake tenei mate ohorere, ka hoatu te nganatanga o mua, e whai ia kahore tetahi ki te whakaoho whakapae.

Ko te tuatahi i roto i te aamu hou o te kaiwhakatuma whakahaere

Te tangata i patua Tsar Alexander 2 (kaiwhakatuma Ignatius Grinevitsky), ko he mema o te uniana raro, "Narodnaya Volya". Kei te whakapono te reira e ko te reira i te tuatahi i roto i te aamu hou o te whakahaere kaiwhakatuma. Kua motuhake ia anake i runga i ngaki tōrangapū, i kite te ara anake ka taea ki te huri i te pūnaha ngā.

Kei te tito te reira o te iwi nei no ki te rāngai tino kanorau o te hapori. Hei tauira, Sofia Perovskaya, tika te mātakitaki te nganatanga kōhurutanga i runga i te Catherine Canal, ko he noblewoman, a tae noa te tamahine o te kawana o St Petersburg, me tona hoa i roto i te pakanga, me te ngakau o ia Zhelyabov - mai i te whānau o mua.

rerenga kingi

Ka whiriwhiri te ara o te wehi ki te whakatutuki i ngā whāinga tōrangapū, he ratou i runga i to ratou hui tuatahi, puritia i roto i te 1879, i paahitia nei i whiua ki te mate e Alexander 2 me tau i muri mai rave i roto i te whakatinanatanga o tona whakatau. Hoki ratou i reira nui ki te whakangaro i te tangata mārō, noa'tu te vahi tupu te reira, a i roto i te mea tau. 2 patua Alexander i kārangarangatia, e kore schadivshie hoki whakaaro utopian orurehau ranei to ratou oraraa, nui iti tangata ke.

Heoi, i roto i te puna kino-hū i take pai ki te hohoro ratou. e mohio ana nga tangata kohuru e i runga i Maehe 14, kua whakaritea te whakaaetanga o te kaupapa ture, me kore i taea e tukua e tupu, no te mea, rite tonu ki o ratou tātaitanga, te whakatamarikitanga o te taua tuhinga kōrero o mua i taea te whakaiti i te taumata o te mānukanuka pāpori i roto i te whenua, me te faaere ratou o te pakanga o te tautoko motu. I whakaritea e te reira i e i roto i nga mea katoa i ki te mahi atu ki te kingi rite wawe tonu.

Anō o te mau hītori

Kua riro te kōrero te ingoa o te tangata e patua Alexander 2, mahue ona waewae mīhini raro, engari ka taea ki te whakamatau i te mana kore ranei whakapae o te whai wāhi i roto i te e whakatakotoria o te porowhita marae me te kainga ki te torona whakauaua kōrero. Tuhinga e whakaheke te marama i runga i tenei take, e kore te mea i reira. Kei te whakapono te reira e ko te tīmata o te kōhurutanga me ona hara iwi taitamariki, i te mau melo o te uniana raro o "Narodnaya Volya".

I roto i te wā Soviet nga whakahaere katoa i whawhai ki te autocracy, tauā rite auvaha o te parau mau o mua. i tika ai ratou mahi noa'tu te nui, me te nei toto i whakahekea. Otiia ki te ki te pātai ui i teie mahana: "Ko wai e nga tangata, e patua Alexander 2 - kaimahi kino ranei kahore," i roto i te nuinga o te wā te whakahoki, ko te ae.

Monument ki te Tsar Liberator

Kua kï History e kore e whakatika tonu te whāinga nga tikanga, a ētahi wā whawhai mo te take tika, ko roto te kaimahi kino. Na reira, ko te tangata e patua Alexander 2, kihai i riro te whakapehapeha o Russia. e kore e huaina tona ingoa i te waharoa pa me tapawhā kihai i whakaturia e ia urupa. I runga i te pātai o mehemea, i roto i te mea i patua tau i Alexander 2, he tokomaha e whakahoki kupu, engari ki te whakaingoa he uaua ingoa o te kaipatu.

I te wa ano i runga i te wahi mate o te kohurutia Emperor-Liberator te hanga he whare, paingia ka karanga te Faaora i runga toto, a ka meinga e ia he tohu tonu. I roto i nga tau o te obscurantism faka'ikai'i-tamau tamata reira ki te tango iho, engari i ia wa te kaha o te ringa e kitea o NANAKIA mutu. Karangatia reira whakarau, ka taea e te mea te ringa o te Atua, engari ko te mahara o Alexander 2, whati i te mekameka o serfdom, a inaianei whiti ki te domes koura, a ka haere ake ana kohuru ki te pouri o te hītori.