Waikawa amino: matūora, whakarōpū

Hoki te mahi tonu o te tinana tangata, e mahi ana i nga mahi katoa e hiahia ana koe ki te kai kai taonga i roto i te pūmua, te ngako, te warowaihā. Pūmua, me pūmua he wāhanga o te pūtau, pera me te tangata kai pūmua. He aha e waikawa amino? Ko te mataora o enei pūhui - he take nui e tika whakaaro āmiki me te ako.

waikawa ngā amino

Ēnei pūhui e tika ana mo te kōtuitui o ngā rāpoi ngota pūmua. I roto i te natura, i reira e runga waikawa amino rerekē kotahi rau e rima tekau, engari e faufaa ki te tinana tangata e kore katoa o ratou. He aha e hiahia ana tatou ko te waikawa amino? Biochemistry 20 o enei pūhui ako i roto i te taipitopito e pūtaiao kāinga me te ke. I kitea te reira e ma rua o ratou e taea ki te kia synthesized i roto i te tinana tangata, a e waru anake waikawa amino kia whiwhi tetahi i kai.

whakarōpū

A feruri i te tahi o nga ngā waikawa amino. Biochemistry, whakarōpū o enei pūhui matū waro tā te wehenga o te rōpū matua e toru:

• faufaa i takea mai i te kai. e kore e taea te synthesized peheé matū i roto i te tinana tangata;
• i hanga whakawhiti i roto i te tinana, taka ki reira, me ki pūmua kai;
• Whakawhiti conventionally whakaputaina i pūhui faufaa.

āhuatanga matua

He aha e nga āhuatanga tinana, me te matū e waikawa amino? Ko te mataora o enei pūhui homai he whakaaro o ratou āhuatanga taketake. waikawa amino i ira whakakoero nui, tino wairewa i roto i te wai, i te puka, tioata.

He aha atu e te āhuatanga e waikawa amino? Biochemistry tātai tohu ratou te aroaro o rāpoi waro he mahi whatu.

āhuatanga matū

Ratou moni he matūora. Aminoacids - hanganga tuatahi o peptides. Ko reira na roto i te whakakotahi i te maha o ngā toenga waikawa amino i roto i te kotahi hanganga rārangi ko te kōtuitui o te muingota o te pūmua. A, no te whakamahia i roto i te tangata, glycine paura ranei papa, he kătahi tere, me te ngāwari o te taonga organic i roto i te toto. Ratou moni he matūora. Amino waikawa, pūmua, te warowaihā, ngako - matū e he tika mo te mahi o te rauropi ora. A, no te whakatika ratou mate hē tiketike.

waikawa amino He pūhui amphoteric whakaahua āhuatanga matū rua.

Te hiranga koiora

Tenei piha o pūhui hauota-kei roto kawenga mo te kōtuitui o ngā rāpoi ngota pūmua i roto i te tinana tangata. I roto i te take o te takarepa, i reira e raruraru nui ki te pūnaha io. He nui hoki te waikawa amino tinana aha atu? Biochemistry enei pūhui amphoteric whakamārama ratou faufaa mo te biosynthesis o glycogen i te ate. arata'i Ko tōna nui iti ki te mate nui. I roto i te take matua mō te kore o te 20 waikawa amino faufaa, ka karanga nga kaiwhakaako kai disorders, te tūkino o waipiro, āhuatanga ahotea nahanaha. I roto i te tikanga ki te karo kēkeno o te tinana (ki te karo i te pūmua hē), me ngā koutou he miraka kai, kai, hua soy.

āhuatanga whene

He aha ngā āhuatanga i te waikawa amino? Biochemistry enei pūhui tika ki te aroaro i roto i te rāpoi ngota o te rōpū mahi e rua. Ēnei pūhui matū i te carboxyl (waikawa) rōpū COOH, me te he amines. Taua hanganga āhuatanga whakamārama ratou āhuatanga matū.

Te ōrite ki waikawa organic me te kohuke whakaaturia i roto i tauhohe ki konganuku hohe, waikura taketake, turanga, Mariao o waikawa ngoikore. E nehenehe o te tomo ki te tauhohenga matū ki waiwaihā ki te hanga i ngā hākawa atu waikawa amino. whakamārama te aroaro o te rōpū amino ratou taunekeneke ki te waikawa o te huarahi kaituku-acceptor o te kōrero.

Whakarōpū me nomenclature

Tei runga i te wāhi o te rōpū carboxyl kia wehe enei pūhui waro ki alpha, beta, waikawa amino. Ko te taua o te waro ngota ai haamata te waro e whai ake nei i te rōpū waikawa.

I roto i te matū waro taratahi waikawa amino rite ki te maha o ngā rōpū mahi: taketake, kūpapa, waikawa.

Tei runga i te āhua o te Radicals pūwaro te tikanga whakarōpūtia waikawa amino katoa i runga i fatty (tīmeka) heterocyclic, pūhui kakara, me te-whanariki kei roto. Ka rite ki te tauira, ka taea te māngai he waikawa amino kakara e 2 waikawa aminobenzoic.

Na roto i te nomenclature nahanaha i raro i te taitara o tenei piha o pūhui ahua organic tohu te tūranga o te rōpū amino, ka tāpiri i te ingoa o te mekameka waro, e ngā te rōpū carboxyl. whakamahia te tātai reta Kariki te i roto i te kaupapa e ka kia huaina te waikawa amino i te nomenclature faufaa ore.

A, no te kei te muingota rua mahi (amino), i roto i te ingoa te tauwhāiti te kuhimua whakamahia: diamino-, triamino-. Hoki waikawa amino polybasic i roto i te taitara tapiritia ki te waikawa triol diol ranei.

Āhuatanga poinanaha me hanga o waikawa amino

Homai te pū o te hanganga matū o te māngai o tenei piha o matū waro, tautuhi maha ngā momo o te poinanahatanga. Waihoki, ko te waikawa i roto i enei pūhui amphoteric, i reira he poinanaha o te kōhiwi waro.

Ka taea hoki te hanga e koe poinanaha ki te whakaritenga rerekē o te taumahinga amino. O moni ko te poinanaha whatu o te piha haapiiraa, e taea ana ki te whakamārama ratou faufaa koiora mō kaiao ora.

Ka rite ki te rauemi raw mo te kōtuitui o nairona paingia waikawa aminocaproic. Na roto i te paparetanga taea te whiwhi 25 waikawa amino faufaa. He etahi raruraru e pā ana ki te wehenga o te ranunga hua o pūhui amphoteric. I tua atu ki te tauhohenga wai o ngā rāpoi ngota pūmua taea te synthesized mā te tauhohe i waikawa amino i te tauhohenga galogenhzameschennyh rā-Volhard-Zelinsky.

waikawa amino i hanga i roto i te tukanga o te tauhohenga wai o pūmua no ki te kai. Enei matū Ko nga poraka hanga, e puta tika ana ki te hāngaitanga o te huawhenua, me te kararehe pūmua, waiwai o te tinana wāhanga faufaa mo tona ora tonu.

Hei tauira, i roto i te take o te rohirohi nui, meinga e mahi taimaha, whakaritea te manawanui e ki te auau motuhake o ngā waikawa amino. Ki te waikawa glutamic kawea i roto i te maimoatanga o mate io, ki tuwhenua pekitīlia tika te whakamahi i te histidine. I roto i te ahuwhenua, whakamahia te waikawa amino rite te kakahu runga mo kararehe ki te whakatairanga ratou tupu me te whanaketanga.

mutunga

waikawa amino e amphoteric ngā pūhui matū waro whai wāhi nui i roto i ururua tangata me te kararehe. Ki te iti rawa rahinga o tetahi o nga ngā waikawa amino faufaa, i reira he raruraru hauora nui. He nui rawa i roto i te taiohitanga, me te hunga e mamae mahi tinana tūturu, kei te mātātoa te whai wāhi i roto i hākinakina te kai pūmua oti.