Waitohu - Ko te ara pono ki te tautuhi i te reira

Kia tangata kua he taonga tūmataiti i roto i te puka o te kararehe, i reira ko he hiahia ki te kōrero ki reira. Kua tae mai te iwi tuakiri Animal ake ki te waitohu. Ko te tohu o te tetahi āhua, i te mea te nuinga o te rino wera tenei, te kaitahu i runga i te kiri o te kararehe. e kore i taea te nekehia pokapoka Unhealed, noho ratou hoki te ora.

He hītori iti

I roto i te whenua ki te wāhi nui mō te whangai kararehe-tauhi me te ara pai ki te whakatau i nga kararehe oko waitohu. I hoatu tenei ti'araa ki te whakatinanatanga o etahi ture. I roto i te US, i muri i te rēhita e pā ana whiwhi whakaaetanga ki te whakamahi i te reira. He kōmihana kāwanatanga motuhake i aru ki te whakarite kia metilos kararehe kotahi anake pane. Tūkinotanga ko te uta o tetahi waitohu ki tetahi.

E mea uaua ki te mea te mea te iwi tuatahi whakaaro o te taua tautuhi kararehe. Kei te mohiotia te reira i e i roto i Greece tahito racers ngā tino i runga i te hiawero hoatu te hiri o «Q». E ai ki te etymological rangahau "waitohu" mai i te reo Turkic, iritihia rite tohu tohu ranei.

I roto i te whenua Pākehā, i mahi i te tohu motuhake rite te ahua o te uruwhenua o hoiho, mārama tohu i whanau ratou i roto i te mea momo. Ko te rawa tuatahi ko ko nga pane wheketere:

• 1722 - i roto i te Hradiste;
• 1755 - i roto i te Zweibrücken;
• 1768 - Celle;
• 1787 - i roto i te Trakenene;
• 1788 - i roto i Neustadt-Dosse.

I tua atu ki te whakau i te takenga o te hoiho, te kaimahi te waitohu rite te tohu o te kounga. Neke atu i te wa, ka maha hinonga tūmataiti i roto i Europe ratou ake tohu. Anake i roto i Te Tai Rāwhiti Prussia i te aroaro o te 30-doma o te rau tau whakamutunga i reira i neke atu i te 200. tia Modern uaua i to ratou ake waitohu.

whakamahia te mua Soviet Union ki tavrenie kararehe kaute zootechnical. Na tawhiti, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, whakamahia Tajikistan he koroua tikanga matauranga tawhito i runga i nga wahi tarutaru maunga tawhiti.

tikanga

Haunga kararehe, tapanga me te maha o nga hoiho. Methods tavreniya hoiho:

• Hot. Ko te ara tino tawhito. rino wera i runga i te tinana o te kararehe tahuna i etahi tohu. Kei te whakamahia tonu te reira i roto i te tahi mau whenua. Kei te whakaaro te reira i fakamamahi mo te hoiho. I teie mahana te whakarerea ai. I roto i te Netherlands ko Belgium, e riria ana e ia i te ture. Kaua rawa e whakamahi tavrenie wera mo te Thoroughbred momo.
• He mea makariri. Hoki te meangiti whakamahi waitohu hauota hauhā ranei. Mārakerake ki matao i roto i te pūtau kawenga mō te koti tae whakarato discoloration huruhuru i roto i te rohe tukinotia. Ehara i whakamahia hoki te hoiho marama-hina. tahu ratou i te waitohu i runga i te matimati. ara ongonoa ki kore kino i te kiri o te kararehe.
• Tattoo. Tattoo tono i runga i te ngutu o te hoiho mucous. puka āhua ongonoa o tapanga. Ko te painga matua - e kore e pahua te whakaaturanga o te kararehe.
• Te pao. Kei te whānui kōwhiringa Progressive mō kararehe pāmu whakamahia mai i te timatanga o te rautau 21. Ko te ngākau atawhai tino o te katoa e whakamahia ana i tenei ra.

Hoki kararehe whakamahi tikanga atu:

• Vyschipy. faaere taringa kararehe te mongamonga kiri i runga i te mata o te taringa, me te hanga i te kohao roto o te kī i āta hangaia, i runga i te wāhi me te vyschipa taringa rānei (mahue matau ranei) e taea te ngāwari te pānui i te tau takitahi.
• Tattoo. Whakamahia kuku motuhake ki te huinga o ngā tau. Kei te hoatu te reira i runga i te taringa matau. Hoki te kararehe whakamahia tae poropango pouri te ranei minium.
• Tags. He he momo o kōwhiringa, ko te parau tumu te taua mo te katoa - e piri ratou ki te taringa o te applicator motuhake. Engari, te whakamahi i te mekameka tūtohu. Ko te tikanga tino rongonui mō te tāutu kararehe.
• He wera i runga i te haona. Non tahuna-i runga i nga haona. Kei te rongoa reira mo te ora. Ngoikoretanga - Ka taea e kia mate pāmamae o te haona, e kore e taea ki te tono mo te hornless (hornless) kararehe.

hangarau

Ko te tohu rite whakaahuatia i runga e taea te hoatu i roto i ngā huarahi rerekē. Ko te hangarau o etahi o ratou (i roto i te pou):

• tikanga Hot. whakaritea te kararehe i roto i te mīhini, te whakamahi i te tuanga noa, engari tona whakamahi he ngaukino. Tetahi wahi o te tinana tapahia ratou kararehe. Waitohu te tahu ki te 700 ^C., ka tono ki te kiri ki te pēhanga ngawari mō te 1-2 hēkona, me te ka tukinotia ki te hinu whakaehunga streptotsida ranei. He mea nui kia ko te rino te pāmahana tika. Ki te iti rawa whakawera ka kia diluted te waitohu. A, no te nui - ka riro i te kararehe i te wera waiariki kaha, e ka waiho hei wa roa ki te whakaora.
• tikanga makariri. Metal te whakamahi i te huka matao tona ranunga ranei ki te waipiro te matao o ki ^-80 °, ka tono ki te kiri tangohia i mua, ka pania waipiro wahi. warea pono - te titauhia. mau Stamp i runga i te kiri o te iti rawa 60 (nga kuao hoki) ki te 120 (hoiho pakeke) hēkona.
• Tattoo. Kei te kawea te reira i roto i na kūmau moko motuhake i roto i te rerekē te rahi o. Mucosa o te hoiho ngutu o runga i muru ki waipiro, a tono apa waituhi (ranunga tinana waro Tatimana pango i roto i te ōwehenga o te 1: 1). Kawea mai punctures a pania ratou mo valivali te ranunga taua.

Hea ki te hoatu i te taupae

Anake ngaio pai whakawhirinaki ki te tahu waitohu. Ko reira te tohu o te ora. Mai i te kounga o te mahi whakamana tei runga i ahua, me te tahi mau taime te hauora o te takitahi.

He maha ngā wāhanga o te tinana, i faaoti ki te hoatu tūtohu:

• i runga i te kaki ki raro i te huruhuru:
• i runga i te matimati;
• i te taha ki mahue ki matau ranei o te sacrum;
• i runga i te pokohiwi mata maui - te tau o te whanautanga, me te tau rangatū ki runga ki te huha maui - Factory waitohu (angamaheni mo te pāmu momo Russian);
• i runga i te hoki, i roto i te rohe o te nohoanga;
• mahue huha matau ranei;
• i roto i te onge wā paparinga.

huru

He huru Retawhika. Rawa whakawhanakehia huahua mō pānui pāmu wheketere ranei. I roto i Europe, vai pūāhua motuhake i roto i te rau tau 18-19, i tapanga nei nechistoporodnyh hoiho. I roto i te Central Asia, ko te taonga io te rangatira o te hoiho, ko te taupae te pretentiousness, i ētahi wā faahiti reira he waitohu whānui. tauhae Pākehā e pā ana ki Heraldry. tutu'a Modern piri i roto i ngā hapori iwi, i ratou o ratou ake waitohu. Ia tohu kua tona tikanga:

• Elk pihona (i trakenov) - he whakamahara o te ngahere Prussia, i te kēmu nui taonga;
• Pere - tere;
• nakahi - ngāwari;
• Eagle - kaha;
• Edelweiss - whakaaturia e ki te takenga o te momo maunga;
• Karauna - he tohu o hanahana o te rangatira hoiho.

I teie mahana, ngaua te nuinga o nga whenua Pākehā waitohu - he o tuaukiuki o te mua. hangarau Modern tukua ki te kawe i te tikanga "tapanga" o ko ngā ongonoa te kararehe. Ko te kupu whakataki o te microchip e o hēkona te tokorua, e kore koe e hiahia ana ki te kohikohi i te ropu katoa o nga kaimahi ki te whakatika i te kararehe. No wiki te roa o te whakaora o tuwhera tunga i muri i weranga waiariki. Kei roto i te maramara o te mōhiohio e tika ana katoa e pā ana ki te kararehe. whakaaro motuhake mō te pānui awhina tonu te tautuhi i tetahi takitahi.