Whakarōpū o hua pūmau o te hinonga. Ariā, ngako me te whakarōpū o ngā hua pūmau

rawa Pūmau - tetahi o nga mea timatanga tino nui o te hanga. tohu ratou he huinga o ngā uara e whai faaiteraa sino ka whakamahia rite te tikanga o te mahi mo te wa roa ranei e rave rahi taime. Ko te kupu e kore e ratou ahua tūturu huri, a ka kua whakawhitia te utu ki te hanga o ngā hua, me ngā ratonga. kawea Whakarōpū o rawa pūmau i roto i te maha whenua. Na reira, ko te tino kanorau ratou hanganga.

ariā whākinga

Ko te ariā o ngā rawa pūmau - tetahi o te nui tino i roto i te kaute. Tenei kāwai ngā tūemi e whakatau i te ngā e whai ake nei:

• Mā te whakamahi i te tukanga o te hanga hua, ratonga, mahi, me te mo te hiahia e pā ana ki te kamupene whakahaere.
• Ko te ora ratonga o te tau i te iti rawa te kotahi.
• Te kore o te hinonga mahere ki resell te ahanoa.
• Ahakoa te ahanoa kua te kaha ki te kawe i te moni kamupene i roto i te heke mai.
• Ko te utu i runga ake i te tetahi uara. whakaurua te reira i tūemi utu i neke atu i 40,000 moni mai 2006 ia wae.

E whakatakotoria Whakamarama me te whakarōpū o ngā hua pūmau, me te ratou āhuatanga i roto i te Ture i runga i Kaute whakaaetia e te Tāhuhu o Finance. Kei te karanga a te reira "Hua Pūmau" me te haapotohia ki te maha - AR 6/01.

Ko te huinga o ngā rawa katoa pūmau puritia i runga i te whārangi toenga, hanga te turanga hangarau, me te whakatau i tona kaha production.

kaupapa ahanoa

rawa Pūmau whai he ora roa i roto i nei e i roto i te nekehanga tamau. tīmata huringa ratou ora ki te whakauru ki te hinonga. Na, i roto i te mahi, ratou āta kakahu i roto i, e waiho i raro ki te hanga, kia nekehanga i roto i te whakahaere. Ka rite ki te hua, e whakakorea nga rawa pūmau i te kamupene e tika ana ki te dilapidation kore o whaihuanga o te whakamahi atu ranei.

tutuki hua i roto i te tōtika o ratou whakamahinga e te whakanui ake i te wa me te mahi neke, whakaiti downtime, ake i hua me te putanga.

Ko nga momo o ngā i roto i te tukanga whakaputa

He he he whakarōpū o rawa whakaritea e ratou whai wāhitanga i roto i te tukanga whakaputa. I tenei pūtake, he taiea rua ngā momo o ngā ahanoa whakaahuatia:

• ahumahi;
• kore-hua.

Ko te momo tuatahi o ngā mahi i roto i te ao o te production rauemi. E whai wāhi taua taonga i roto i te tukanga ahumahi toutou. Ratou āta kakahu i roto i. Kei te whakawhiti ratou utu ki te hua hangaia. tupu pinepine tenei ki te whakamahi.

E kore e te momo tuarua whai wāhi i roto i te tukanga whakaputa. Ko te utu o whakaritea rawa nonproductive riro i roto i te kohi. ngā ratou whare whakatapua ki te whare he ahurea me te hapori whakaaro ranei, ka rēhita i runga i te toenga o te whakahaere. e kore e ratou i te pānga tika i runga i te rōrahi o te hanga, engari autaki pā mahi. E pā ana ki a ratou ko te whakapai ake o te pai o ngā kaimahi, me te whakatairanga i ta ratou kara o ora. Ka rite ki te hua, te mea he pānga pai i runga i te mahi o te whakahaere.

tūnga

Ko te āhua me te whakarōpū o ngā hua pūmau whakatau ratou tūranga i roto i te tukanga mahi. whakaahua ratou nga kaha o te hinonga i runga i te hanga. whakaatu hoki ratou i te taumata, me te tauine o te patu mahi hangarau. ka whakanui i augmentation o rawa pūmau enei whika. He faufaa mō ngā hua-kounga tiketike ki te whakaiti i roto i utu mahi, te whakanui ake i hua, me te whakaiti utu production Whakahōu me te whakapai ake.

I roto i te hinonga pūrongo tauanga auau e whakaatu ana i te aroaro me te nekehanga o ngā, ratou anō. rangahau tauira whakahaere.

whaiaronga

Whakarōpū o hua pūmau e wahi kia rite ki to ratou momo me te whakaaro. Ki tenei mutunga, whakawhanakehia matou he whaiaronga motuhake. Kei te karanga a te reira i te National Whakarōpū o rawa pūmau (OKOF). Kei te whakaurua te reira i roto i te pūnaha kotahi o te whakarōpū me te waehere o ngā mōhiohio hangarau, ohaoha me te pāpori (USCC).

e Ko tōna hoahoa ki pūkete Russian, me te ao tikanga, ngā paerewa me te tikanga i runga i kaute me te pūrongo.

kawea Whakarōpū o rawa pūmau i roto i runga i nga kamupene katoa me pūtahi rite OKOF. Kei roto i tēnei aratohu mōhiohio ki te āwhina i te whakaoti rapanga nui. Composition me whakarōpū o ngā hua pūmau, ratou mana, te ōwehenga whakapaipai, whakapaipai-mahi ōwehenga, hoki i runga i ngā rawa, te paerewa tūtohutia o hanga whakapaipai - he wāhanga anake o te tawhā tāutuhia i roto i OKOF tenei.

ahanoa rauemi

E wehea rawa Pūmau ki e rua ngā momo: sino, me te whäwhä. Tei te reira i runga i to ratou whakaaro, me te whakamahi i roto i nga mahi o te whakahaere.

Ko te kupu, ko te whakarōpū o ngā rawa pūmau ki te kāwai rauemi ngā te tūemi e whai ake nei:

1) whare Non-noho. He taonga nei whakaaro enei - ki te hanga i ngā āhuatanga mō te mahi, te rokiroki o ngā rawa rauemi. Tenei ano hoki ngā te whare faufaa pāpori, me te ahurea o. Hei tauira, whare wheketere, warehouses, te kutētē teihana me taiwhanga.

2) whare Residential. He mea nui ki te matau e tenei rōpū ngā ahanoa kahore e i te tikanga anake mo te whare noho rangitahi.

3) Structures. Tenei whakarōpūtanga rōpū o te hinonga whakaritea rawa pā ana kaupapa engineering me hanga ki te whakarite i te whakatinanatanga o te tukanga whakaputa. I roto i tenei take, kua matau ratou rite hanganga motuhake, tae atu ki ngā whakaaro e hanga ia tetahi. Hei tauira: piriti, puna hinu, pipelines.

4) Mīhini me te taputapu. Tenei rōpū ngā pūrere hangaia ki te taui i te mōhiohio, pūngao me ngā rauemi. Whakarōpū o hinonga rawa hea tenei tūemi ki subgroups:

• mīhini Power me te taputapu. Tenei ngā whakaurunga e hua ranei tahuri pūngao.
• Mahi mīhini me te taputapu. ngā taputapu hangarau katoa tenei.
• taputapu Information hangarau - rorohiko, rokiroki pāpāho, taputapu tari, taputapu kōrero.

5) Transport mō te neke taonga me iwi: kaata, locomotives, kaipuke, kupu taka te huka, pahi, ëtahi, manureva.

6) Industrial me whare taputapu. Ko te ipu momo tuatahi whakamahia mo te rokiroki o wai, ipu rauemi nuinga, me te taonga hangaia ki te whakahaere i ngā mahi ahumahi. Ko te momo tuarua o ngā kahore e i whakamahia i roto i te tukanga whakaputa. Hei tauira, tūemi o-whakaaro ahi karaka.

7) Ko te hua, tupuranga, mahi kararehe. Tenei ngā kararehe e toutou tonu ranei whakamahia mo tetahi hua. Hei tauira, kau, nga kamera, hipi. Ano hoki, i tenei rōpū ngā kaihanga kararehe. e kore tenei ngā taitamariki me nga kararehe hoki te parekura.

8) mahuri koiora. Kei roto i tēnei kāwai te momo o ngā wāhi matomato. Hei tauira, rakau park, otaota, hanga nga huarahi.

taonga wenewene

Whakarōpū o hua pūmau ngä taonga të whäwhäria ngā mana whakairo hinengaro, pūmanawa rorohiko, hangarau tiketike, hangarau ahumahi, pātengi raraunga, utu o tūhura o ngā rauemi kohuke. E ko, tenei kāwai ngā ahanoa e whai kahore puka tinana.

okotahi

Whakarōpū me te hanganga o ngā rawa pūmau katia ratou hanganga e whai ake:

• ahanoa katoa o te ora mahi o te tau iti iho i te kotahi.
• Tūemi utu iti iho i te 40,000 moni ia wae. I tenei wāhi ko reira utu hanga he rahui. mīhini Agricultural, taputapu hanga mana, hua me nga kararehe mahi ko nga moni matua, ara, ki te he iti iho i te moni i tohua ratou uara.
• hanganga Rangitahi, whakaaro, pūrere. Kei ngā te utu o to ratou hanganga i roto i te utu rauata me e whakatupato ki te utu o te hanganga me te tāuta.
• Mīhini me ngā taputapu, e kua whakarārangitia rite ngā hua oti i roto i te rokiroki, roto i te tauwhiro hoatu ki tāutanga ranei.

momo Ahanoa o tūranga i roto i te mahi ohaoha

tukuna Whakarōpū o rawa whakaritea i roto ia ratou e rua nga wahi i runga i to ratou tūranga i roto i te mahi ohaoha o te hinonga rānei. E whai wāhi tika mīhini Na, mahi me te taputapu, whakaurunga hangarau, mea ine me ngā pūrere i roto i te tukanga whakaputa. hanga ratou he wahi kaha. Buildings me taputapu i te pānga autaki i runga i te hanga. Ko ratou te wahi hāngū.

Ko te wahi o te wahi kaha tohu te tohu o te hiranga hangarau, aravihi, kaha o te hinonga. mahara motuhake taea te kitea o ia wahi i te hanganga o nga rawa pūmau.

hanganga production

Ko te wahi o te rōpū ia o ngā i roto i to ratou uara tapeke faaite te hanganga production. I pēhea te kaha wahi Predominates runga te wahi hāngū, tei reira ki runga ki te nui o te putanga ia 1 RUPO o rawa pūmau.

Ko rawa tenei ahua i roto i te kamupene ki te taputapu pai hangarau. e kore ko te taua noa i runga i te hinonga i roto i te ahumahi taua te hanganga hanga o ngā rawa pūmau.

I roto i Engineering te wahi kaha, te tikanga iti iho i te 50%. ngoi ana te mahara motuhake te wahi hāngū. Hei tauira, he whare.

I roto i te ahumahi hinu, i runga i te anga ke, he tino te wahi hohe. puritia te nuinga o te tukanga ahumahi i roto i te ahumahi te waho. puta te tukanga whakaputa matua mā poka, pipelines. Ie te rahi o te wahi kaha o te rawa pūmau ngoi ana hāngū.

Ko āhuatanga hoki hanganga tau mo te taonga. E ai ki a ia rawa pūmau e tohaina rite ki ngā rōpū pakeke i wā o e rima nga tau. He mahi nui, ko te ki te ārai whakaurunga hoholo nui.

momo ahanoa i roto i te tohu o te whakamahi

Whakarōpū me te hanganga o ngā hua pūmau i taua tawhā rite te tohu o te whakamahi, e whai ake:

• Kaupapa e te hunga i roto i te mahi. Tenei ngā rawa katoa pūmau, rēhita i runga i te whārangi toenga.
• Kaupapa e te hunga i roto i te rahui - rawa pūmau, te solia poto.
• Ahanoa i roto i te anō, whakakorenga wāhanga.
• Ahanoa i runga i te tiaki.

momo ahanoa o oko

Whakaröpütia Apatoko mō rawa pūmau e whai ake:

• E puritia e te kamupene;
• kei roto i te whakahaere whakahaere me te whakahaere ōhanga;
• riihitia kahore he tika o te hokonga.