Whakarōpū o ngā wāhi mōrearea i runga i Pue. Ko te whakaaro o te whakarōpū o ngā rohe mōrearea ahi pahū ranei

Dangerous i te tirohanga o te pahūtanga me ahi, te wāhi wāhi he whare ahumahi whare putunga ranei. Here i raro i ngā āhuatanga whakahaere paerewa i roto i te huru o te hawhekaihe o hau he pūkākā kohu ranei. whakarōpū Special o ngā wāhi mōrearea ki te whakatau i te momo o te taputapu hiko, me te tahi atu. Na whiriwhiria ano hoki te taumata o te tiaki ki te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te whakapā ki te ranunga wahie rangi pupū mihini me ngā pūrere. Enei mehua e hāngai tiaki whānui anake mō te mahi i roto i ngā āhuatanga noa. A paraparau e pā ana ki te kaupapa o te ohorere, he horihori nga tikanga whakatūpato tuatahi.

Ko te tohu matua o te ati

I roto i te nuinga o te wā, i whiwhi pātīmata e te pāhekoheko o ngā matū matua e toru:

• wahie hakari i roto i te ōritetanga kohu, puehu, hau ranei;
• hāora i roto i roto i te rangi;
• igniter, puta i roto i te tukanga ahumahi.

Te whakarōpū rohe pūkākā, ka pakū - ata rohe kukū o te rohe o raro, me te runga o te pātīmata. I tua atu, ki te faaite i wāhi i runga i te tohu o te ati, te āhuatanga nei e etahi tawhā. Ko ētahi o ēnei:

1. Temperature rawaka mō te pātīmata paepae.
2. Ko te tere o te ngingiha me mura whakatö.
3. Ko te nui iti o te hāora, ārahi ki mumura.
4. Ko te tūtohutanga o te wāhanga hakari o te waku me te te wiri.

hua te aituā i roto i te ope o te pahūtanga me ru pānga i runga i te mua poipoi. Ko te horapa ahi me i te tere kei te whakangaromia e kōrero, hanga, raina mana. matiti kaha me te whai wāhi ki te putanga o te tukunga kongakonga mōrearea ki te ora te tangata, tuku o matū kino, me te paitini whakapoke i te taiao.

Ko te ariā o ngā kāwai

He pai ki te takanga o pahūtanga i te whakapā ki te mura pewa ranei Whakarōpū rohe taikaha Improvement kāwai huru. wāhi mōrearea ki reira e whakaaro rite ranunga pea taikaha i roto i ngā o te huinga wāhi kotahi e pā ana ki te tikanga production. I roto i tenei take whakaaro he whakarōpū pātīmata pāmahana motuhake te pānga o te whakapā ki te mata wera. Ia hau, kohu puehu rauemi combustible ranei kua tona rohe autoignition pāmahana. Hoki tona paetae, te ahua mura.

Whakarōpū o ngā wāhanga o te mōrea ahi

E wehea ngā wāhi mōrearea mō te whakaaro firefighting ki te akomanga e whai ake nei:

• Ahanoa P-ahau. Tautuhia i roto i te he i te kukū o wai pūkākā ki te tohu rohe te mara paemura i runga 61 ° C.
• Rohe II-II. Ratou wāhi taratahi ki te ihirangi tiketike o weu i roto i te rangi, me te āhua wahie puehu hangarau.
• Wenua P-IIa. Ratou whakarōpū o ngā wāhi mōrearea whakaahuatia rite nga wahi i reira totoka rauemi pūkākā ki te pēhanga ahi motuhake o neke atu i te 1 MJ ia 1 m2.
• Rohe II-III. He muri i nga taiepa o te ruma ki a ratou e penapena i roto i totoka combustible, fluids me inu ranunga haurehu waihā taikaha.

Whakarōpū o ngā wāhi mōrearea rite ki FZ-123

hanga tenei ahua o te whakarōpū i runga i te roanga o te aroaro o ngā ranunga kino roto me te auau o te takanga o ngä nohanga ōrite rānei:

1. Kore piha. Whakaaro i te ruma ki te putanga tonu o te ranunga combustible i roto i te kotahi haora.
2. piha Tuatahi. Kei roto te reira i tūru ki wehenga ina te tukanga i roto i te aratau noa kohu ngāwari combustible me haurehu, ki te rangi hanga tito mōrearea.
3. He piha tuarua. tohua te reira i te rohe i waho tuku hau mōrearea, kohu me te kapua te puehu totoka ki te tukanga ahumahi paerewa. Ko reira te mea he ati o ratou ngä nohanga mōrearea i roto i te ati.
4. whakaurunga piha rua tekau. E whakarato ana i te kukū iti tamau o poke mōrearea i roto i te rangi ki te rohe pātīmata iti.
5. piha haapiiraa e rua tekau-tuatahi. Here whakaahuatia whare ki wehenga i roto i te tukanga whakaputa o matūriki puehu e iri ranei kaiota te i roto i rahinga mōrearea.

Methods ki te whakatau tohu ture ki te whakatau e whakaritea i roto i te tuhinga, me ngā whakaritenga hangarau mō te haumaru ahi te ruma piha haapiiraa.

Wehenga o ngā wāhi i runga i Pue

Whakarōpū o ngā wāhi mōrearea mō waehere hiko ngā te wehenga e whai ake nei o nga whare:

• Class B-1. whakaahua ana whakapai ake ngā wāhi kei reira ko te paheke o kaipōti combustible i roto i te moni i taua e hanga e te hau e o ranunga taikaha i roto i te tukanga ahumahi noa. Hei tauira, ka horoi taputapu ranei te huringa o ngā rauemi mata.
• Class B-1a. I roto i te kaipaipa ki te huringa production noa he kore mōrearea wāhanga combustible tohaina. e pā ana ratou ahua kei te anake ki te takanga o te āhuatanga ohorere.
• Class B-1b. tahoê te reira i rohe kei roto i ngā wāhi i reira e tukua matū mōrearea anake i roto i te tūtukitanga. Ko te kupu i ratou i te kakara titohea, pātīmata rohe iti hāngai i roto i te tihi o te tipu.
• Class B-1g. Kei reira he rārangi o whare i waho te rohe. e kore e tenei kāwai ngā compressors haukini ki te whiriwhiri motuhake o te taputapu.
• Ko te piha haapiiraa-II. Rārangi ki wāhi pana i roto i te hanga o ngā rahinga nui o te puehu combustible me muka ahei o hanga te ranunga ki rangi, ārahi ki te pahūtanga.
• I roto i te Class-IIa. whakaahua ana te reira i te wāhi i roto i nei i te pahūtanga tikanga mōrearea whakaahuatia i roto i te piha haapiiraa o mua, i roto i te mahi noa o te taputapu e kore e tupu. Ko taea anake to ratou paheke ka te ati kino ranei ki te mea.

Rohe rima mita i te mīhini ranei pūrere, whakapae a poutū, i te mea mōrearea i te wāhi o te tirohanga o te ahi pahūtanga rohe ranei, titau te hanga he mura tuwhera ranei wahi wera Whakarōpū rohe mōrearea taikaha me te ahi hoki e kore e SAE whakaaro rite ruma whawhati tata. whai wāhi ratou rōpū i roto i te whakarōpū o whare i runga i te hangarau e whakamahia ana i tenei wā o te hanga rānei. Rohe i roto i nga toa, me te ruma i roto i nei e whakamahia nga rauemi haurehu waihā, wai, me te mārō mō te whakawera, ka tahuna i roto i nga kohua i ranei tikanga o e tahu, e kore e whakaaro ki te waiho i te wahi kino. Na te whakarōpū o ngā wāhi mōrearea i runga i Pue ratou kotiti.

Wehenga o nga rohe NBA

whare mōrearea e whakarōpū rohe pūkākā, ka pakū pā ki te rōpū "A", te whakamahi o fluids rerekē ki te rohe pātīmata o kore runga ake i 28 ° C ejection ranei. E kore te mea te ngaru pēhanga neke atu i te 5 kPa. E pā ana tēnei ki ngā toa, e he wāhanga o te taikaha. meinga ratou flash ka i roto i te whakapā ki papatipu rangi.

Whare no ki te rōpū "B", āhuatanga mā te whakamahi i roto i te tukanga whakaputa combustibles ranei paheke o matūriki puehu me muka. puta ratou whaiaro pātīmata-i pāmahana i runga 28 ° C. ru pēhanga poipoi tohu i roto i te wā, pērā he neke atu i te 5 kPa.

Methods mō te whakakore te whakaiti ranei wāhi mōrearea

Whakarōpū rohe taikaha me SAE Paerewa rite tīmata whawhati tata whakaaro matū takitahi, pērā i te mamaoa, hau me te puehu formulations i roto i te whakapā atu ki te tini rangi taunekeneke ki a rātou anō i roto i te matatini ranei. Class ranei wāhi kāwai i runga i te momo hipoki e te mura ranei wāhanga wera, taea o takanga o hauruke hiko raweke tauhohe wera matū, wiri mīhini me te ru, meake kurupae korakora, radiation solar, momo rerekē o te radiation rānei.

He whakaritenga motuhake o te āhua hangarau i roto i te tikanga ki te whakaiti i te taea o pakū me ahi i roto i te wāhi mahi. hāngai ana ratou whakamahinga kei i runga i te tikanga pūtaiao o ako te whanonga o ngā rauemi me matū i roto i te tukanga o te flash me ngingiha. Ki te whakaiti i nga āhuatanga mōrearea, kua kawea te mahi e whai ake nei i roto i roto i te toa production, warehouses me ētahi atu wāhi:

1. assays tangohia wā ki te whakatau i te hanganga matū o te wāhi e karapoti ana.
2. Hei mahi taputapu tīpakohia te tango ki te pūkete te taatiraa, e tiaki.
3. Ko te wāhanga combustible o te huru e putanga mā ventilation takoha.
4. nekehia mōrearea Matū hanganga kei i te mara o te ahi taea.

taputapu tapanga, pahūtanga-tohu i roto i te runga i GOST

mahi maha nga whakaaro i roto i ngā āhuatanga ka etahi matū e taea o pātīmata, i roto i te huru e karapoti ana i te pūrere. Kia kore ai he waka aituā rite ki te hua o hoapā arcing, wahi whakawera me ngā hanganga, te hanga ratou he tetahi tohu o te tiaki. Te whakarōpū me te tapa o ngā wāhi mōrearea taputapu pahūtanga-tohu tukua te matatini ki te whakarite mahi tika o mīhini, taputapu, oumu, me te toenga o te taputapu i roto i nga ruma o taumata o te mōrea.

Groups o taputapu hiko pahūtanga-tohu

Na roto i te 1 rōpū kau Hopu tono i roto i maina raro, maina, whare i runga i te whenua, mahi tahi hau kino tini puehu combustible ranei. Rōpū II ngā taputapu hiko ki te tiaki mo te mahi roto waho ranei. Mahi i te reira i roto i te taiao pea taikaha, engari i roto i te kotahi tikanga whakaahuatia hoki te rōpū tuatahi o ngā pūrere e kore. Tenei kāwai ngā taputapu ahumahi o te whakaaro whānui.

E whakaritea e GOST R.51330.9-99 whakaritenga Tiaki o mea, me te taputapu i pahūtanga. Whakarōpū o ngā wāhi mōrearea whakatau te momo o mihini me ngā pūrere me whakatangi mo ia ruma. Ko te whakaritenga i whakaritea ki te faatura ki te hanga o te rauemi tinana, mai te taura te wai, tūhono me te whakatika i ngā huānga, hiritia, kiia pūrere. Tapanga i roto i runga i etahi kāwai tono ki te wahi o te whare, ko te ngā papai. tono te peita te mauroa me te ātete ki te whakaeke matū.

Tohu i runga i ngā taputapu

Hoki tāutanga i roto i ngā wāhi mōrearea o ngā mīhini hoatu ratou ti'araa:

• Ko te tohu o te tiaki o te pūrere hiko i te pahūtanga.
• eke Correspondences pūrere paerewa ao.
• Ki nga mea te momo o te taputapu tiaki (i, o, n, q, d, s, e, et al.). Hoki kāwai me tohu i te momo (every, IB, ic).
• Whakarōpū o te pāmahana.
• Whakanohoia kotahi rita - X U. enei tohu, aua, ki te hanga i ngā āhuatanga motuhake tono o te wāhanga Ex ranei ranei.

Whakaritenga mō te kōwhiringa o te taputapu hiko

taputapu hiko, rawa ki sparking wahi me ngā waeine, e rua whakatau te whakarōpū o ngā wāhi mōrearea, eke i waho te wāhi mōrearea ki te kore e pau te reira utu faufaa, me te nui, e kore e meinga fifi. Ki te tikanga taua whakaaro mō te whakamahi i roto i awheawhe pea taikaha, ka ki ratou tāutanga, me te pai rawa o ngā whakaritenga atu. A, no te mahi i roto i te taiao kino o rohe ahumahi te whakamahi o ngā taputapu hiko, iti rama e ki te wā i reira te whakamahi o ratou i roto i tenei wahi e tika ana ki te hiahia.

Taputapu kei roto i te rohe o nui haere mana pukuriri o papatipu puehu o te hau, kua tiakina makuku, rite te whakarōpū o te rohe taikaha Pue, enei kaha tīmata whawhati tata. Āpitihanga ki te kia eke i roto i ngā taiao o waho, kia paruruhia i te mau mana kōhauhau, makuku me te huka. Ki te whakaritea te motokā hiko kei ki te tiaki o te ti'araa o "e", kua tukua te reira ki te hoatu anake i runga i te taputapu te wahi e kore e wheako reira wiri me ngā pokatata. E tiakina ēnei whakaaro hiko i te tāutanga o te tānga ki whakawhiti atu i roto i te take o te pukā.

taputapu hiko te tikanga mo te whakamahi i roto i te taiao ngā, kia tāuta reira te whare te mea ki taua tawhā ranei ki kuputohu iti. Kaua e tāuta i te reira i roto i te wāhi atu riri. Ki te hiahia koe ki te tāuta taputapu ki te whakarato i te anga pēhanga tahia, whakaritea te pūnaha ventilation te ki ngā pūrere mana. I roto i tenei take, mahi te tāutanga e i roto i runga i te whakaritenga o GOST āta mo tenei mīhini:

1. A, no te hanga poka mo te turanga e kore ratou e whai ki te puta ngā wāhi puhoi ki matū te ahua combustible waho te taea o whakatangi.
2. Pipelines mata-i roto i te rere o te hau papatipu ki te tahi eke i waho te wāhi mōrearea.
3. E whakahaeretia pipelines rite i raro i te patunga witi, ki te tiaki ratou hanganga e ki te tomo ki o rauemi combustible.
4. A, no te Whakamahia te kōwae ventilation te momo anake tohua e te roto i te tohutohu tāutanga, e kore e whakaaetia te whakamahi o ētahi atu momo.

mīhini hiko, i roto i nei whakaratohia te mahi kei te wai hinuhinu me ngā āhuatanga hakari ki irava o nāianei e whakaaetia te ki whakaturia i roto i te ngaro o te ru mīhini me te wiri, tuku hinu tafé.

Tohu mo te kōwhiringa o mihini hiko

Whakarōpū o ngā wāhi mōrearea, rite ki te tikanga o te tāutanga o taputapu hiko i roto i te rohe o te production kino, whakarato rohe ngaohiko 10 Kw. He taumata o te tiaki ki flammability i runga ki te GOST 17494-1987, kua tuku ki te paerewa teitei. Ki te whai i te wae hanganga takitahi o te taputapu tawhā tiaki rerekē, kua oti te whakarite nga ōwehenga i roto i runga i te tepu.

A, no te tāuta i te taputapu i roto i te rohe o te Kāwai B-ahau he, B-ahau, B-II whakarōpū rohe taikaha GOST regulates tāutanga hiko waho te whare kino mo te taiepa fireproof turi, me te pani ki te ahi ātete kore nui ake i 0.75 h. Whakaratohia te ruma kei te manawapa putanga ohorere me te rangi tango whakamana ki te rōrahi rangi kaha Māturu i roto i te ruma ki te rima nga wa i ia haora o te mahi. Na roto i te actuator taiepa patua i roto i repe hiri.

Roto i te whakamutunga, kia tuhia te reira e mahi i roto i ngā wāhi ahi me te mōrearea riro iti kino, me te e kore e meinga aituā ki te he āwangawanga e pā ana ki te haapa'oraa o tikanga me ngā ture o te tāutanga o te taputapu mō te tāutanga i roto i ngā kāwai taua rohe katoa te whakahaere o te whakahaere. Tuatahi o nga tikanga katoa e hoko i te kaupapa matua ki te toronga ora me te tiaki o ngā tari hauora me kaimahi.