Winter tango: whakaahua, mehua mana

purehurehu tōnapi (Te Tai Tokerau mawhitiwhiti, kutukutu hotoke) - puhoi pūrerehua hina, e mau kino pōrearea kari huawhenua. He whānui nui tona mara o mahi: te anuhe o tenei pepeke i te ra tika e taea ururua ake ki te 20 pakiaka hua tomato me te witi ki runga ki tetahi mita tapawha taea hapai i 12-14 kape o ngokingoki pests. Witi, merengi, kanōra, tupeka, karepe, tipu rakau, putirā, me te taketake "ngoikore" - hua te hotoke - e kore te rārangi tino o "manakohanga reka" purehurehu tōnapi.

Whakaahuatanga o te purehurehu tōnapi

Waho, te purehurehu tōnapi (e te aroaro whakaahua i roto i te tuhinga), e pā ana ki te whānau o pekapeka, torutoru nui: nga parirau mua kanotahi hina kowhai-parauri, me unahi parauri ranei, i te pikitia mārama o nga wahi poro-āhua me nga ope hake pouri o te marama, i roto i te pūkete tahitahi mo 30- 46 mm. Hata parirau i roto i te grayish wahine, tane ma. roa te tinana - 18-22 mm. E hipoki ki te makawe pepeke iti te matenga, me te pouaka, i reira he roa he proboscis kaha, me te ara o te makawe i runga i tona rae. Pūhihi: pāhau - i roto i uwha, heru - tane.

tikanga nohonga

Ko te rohe o te hotoke koko pungarehu horapa - rohe āhuarangi katoa anake te rohe maroke me te Far Te Tai Tokerau. Pest ahu ki te whakaputa i rua whakatupuranga o te marama, i roto i te taha ki te tonga - e toru, i roto i te raki - kotahi. I roto i te tango i anuhe atamira pakeke hotoke populates wahi pāmu toetoe i roto i te whenua ki te hohonu o te 30 cm, me te he taea ki te ora i te pāmahana ^{o te} -11 C. I roto i te puna, ka heke te mahana te oneone ki +10 ^C. ngārara ki te kahu o runga, me te tungoungou. Marama - wā mo te whanaketanga tonu o te raapoi, āhuatanga e te tae whero-parauri, roa 20-mm me 2 mea tia ki i te mutunga muri. puta Butterfly i te kokuhu ki te whakararo o te matenga wahi - i roto i te kapiti. Ka tukua, ngārara i raro i te pēhanga toto i roto i te uaua horahanga parirau, e he iti iho i te hawhe te haora e tika ana mō te rere.

Wā o te rere papatipu o ngā pūrerehua tōnapi te huhu

I roto i te waenganui-Mei (i roto i te kāinga tonga - i te mutunga o Paenga) tīmata tau pūrerehua whakatupuranga 1, e pumau e pā ana ki toru wiki, tae noa e pā ana ki waenganui-Hōngongoi. Mai i te waenganui o tenei marama ki wawe hinga pehu rere pūrerehua o te whakatupuranga tuarua.

Ka taea e Active pūrerehua purehurehu tōnapi raumati kia whakaritea e te whakatakoto i te teitei o 20-25 cm i te whenua mahanga marama waka ranei ki fermenting molasses (molasses wahi + e toru nga wahi o te wai + 50 karamu ia rita o te wai i mua rewena-rewena). Ko te tümanako ora o te purehurehu tōnapi pūrerehua - 5-25 ra, te mōrahi - 35-40 ra.

Ko te tango i te hotoke tino kaha, whakahaere mehua e rapu utu i te huarahi whānui, i te po. tau whakapakaritia kitea i roto i te po morehu, i te pāmahana o te 12 ki te 15 ° ^C i runga kore.

Ra o pepeke kino huna i raro i te rau o taru, puranga o te kakau witi, kongakonga oneone, me te tahi atu wharau. Ka rite ki te supply mana atu hoki te matuatanga tino arotau o hua, pau pūrerehua puawai te waihonga.

Mō purehurehu tōnapi hua

kitea hua production te i roto i te hawhe tuarua o August ka e wahi i runga i hua huawhenua, rerekē ngā tipu whaipua, tarutaru me mara e kua whakatakotoria peka mo te hotoke. Hoki tenei tukanga, kōwhiria purehurehu tōnapi pai mahana wāhi ki otaota iti, ū rai, te witi, pīti me ētahi atu huawhenua ranei mara ki wewete hanganga oneone. He hemispherical i roto i te āhua, ma, me te waiu, radially rarai, he diameter 0.9 mm o hua. taea ki te whakaroa ake ki te 1,000 hua kotahi wahine ko. Hua o te purehurehu tōnapi tei runga i tona kaha. Ki te mea i reira e kore ngā tipu whaipua, i reira te mea he mate nui o ngā pūrerehua. E ai ki te wheako haere tonu, i ora wahine kahore kai ki runga ki te 10 nga ra, me te waha ki runga, ki te 44 hua; ka nui haere powered tümanako puawai tirikara ora ki 22 ra, me te maha o ngā hēki - ki runga ki te 860 nga wahi.

I roto i te rohe ki te āhuarangi maroke, i reira kua take o ngā pūrerehua pākoko tata oti. Ko te tīmatanga o te taiao taea hāngai ki te tārua papatipu o te purehurehu tōnapi.

anuhe purehurehu tōnapi i roto i te taahiraa

Kua whanau te anuhe i roto i 4-15 ra, me kua āhuatanga e te matenga whero, kiri pai, motuhake whiu pouri i runga i nga taha, kātua mea oneone-hina 40-50 mm i roto i te roa me te waru takirua o waewae (e toru tamariki, e rima puku) o. Tuatahi, e ora ratou i raro i nga nohoanga rau ranei i runga i to ratou underside me te toenga rua iti; te wahi o runga e kore e pa ki. Ano hoki i tenei wa ratou kai matua he tarutaru: tumatakuru, quinoa, bindweed. Track e peregryzaniya meinga nui kino ki wana o ngā hua purapura ruia o miro, te witi. Ko reira i roto i te tuatahi, me te tuarua tau, tae noa meinga te kino ki te tipu kihai i riro ao, e tūtohu ana ki te kawe i roto i mehua fakaemalu'i āpiha matū, me te koiora.

Ko te rahi o te kino i meinga e

Ko te tuatoru o nga ara tau kei tonu i roto i te kahu o runga o te oneone, me te ngōki i runga anake mo te whakaaro o te makona te kai. I roto i te po, he ahei o whakangaro ake ki te tipu tatini taua wā, me te whangai i runga i kai rerekē huawhenua, rai, te huka pīti, miro, merengi, te witi. Na ngau ratou rua i roto i nga rau, a ka kai i nga rau katoa, ka mahue anake te rua kaurori.

meinga anuhe whakatupuranga tuatahi kino i roto i Pipiri ko Hōngongoi, a ka totohu ki te oneone ki te hohonu o 3-10 cm ki te tungoungou. Ko te take kino nui rawa ki te ahuwhenua whakatupuranga tuarua anuhe hoko purapura e me tipu puta totokore hotoke.

purehurehu tōnapi me te whakautu ki reira

I roto i te tikanga ki te whakaiti i te maha o te cutworm hotoke me te whakaiti i te kino i meinga e tona oneone titau tukanga tupato, me te wā, rawa te arata'iraa i ngā mahi i runga i:

• tarutaru Global - kai huhu tōnapi;
• parau hohonu, i mua-tukatuka me ā-rarangi huo, ai te whakangaromanga o te nuinga o te raapoi me ngā torongū o pests ngārara;
• o te irrigation i runga i mara te taheraa;
• whakahaere ruinga wawe o putirā, huka pīti me hua atu, te whakaiti i te harmfulness o te whakatupuranga tuatahi o pests;
• tāpiritanga o te kai o te mahi mara ki te wā o papatipu hua-whakapanga;
• tango o whakatokanga ara me e tata ana te taru pua ahurea - e hāngai ana tenei mehua e i te ino nui o te koko mana.

E tohe te huhu te hotoke whai hua, ka riringi tipu pērā matū rite "Fitoverm", "Decis anō", "Agrovertin". Ki te taea te whakahaeretia e te tukanga koiora cutworms hotoke: te tuku o Trichogramma, e hiahiatia ana e te ki te kawe i roto i te wā o te oviposition papatipu.