4 Ivan whakahou

Ivan Grozny ko te rangatira faahiahia o Russia. faaore torutoru whakaaro o ia, ka rite ki te kingi, nanakia. whakatakotoria ēnei āhuatanga o tona huru i roto i te kōhungahunga: ngaro Ivan tona papa me te whaea, a ka ko raro i te mātakitaki o nga boyars, nei i whawhai mo te mana. kua meinga 4 Ivan whakahou i te wāhi o te hītori o te whenua, a tohua te timatanga o te wā hou i roto i te aamu.

A, no te tamarikitanga o te kingi kāwanatanga-rere wawe, tona whaea, tana wahine Basil 3 - Elena Glinskaya. I muri i te mate ia, ko te taitama kingi i raro i te maru o nga boyars, e rapu ana ki te riro i runga i Ivan me hopu mana. I 17 tau o tau, riro Ivan 4: marena te Anastasia Romanova. Na ka e Ivan te taitara kingi i roto i te whakaaro Cathedral, kei roto i te Moscow Kremlin.

Ka taea te wehea hanganga o Ivan 4 ki e rua ngā wā, ara:

whiriwhiri hari 1. whakaritea.

2. Oprichnina.

I roto i te mutunga o nga 1540s a tawhio noa te taitama kingi i hanga i tona porohita o hoa tata me ngä kaiakopono, i timata kia huaina ki te Rada tīpakohia. Tuhinga reira o: A.Adashev, A.Kurbsky, Sylvester ko Macarius. I roto i te wā tuatahi o te whakahou Ivan 4 poto e pā ana ki ka ratou e tuhituhi i raro, he rite a arotahi ki runga i te whakapakari i te kāwanatanga pokapū, me te mana hōia te whenua o. i puritia pōtitia Rada:

• Reform o whakahaere tūmatanui (te hanga whakahau - kāwanatanga hou);
• whakataki o te hou Sudebnik Ivan 4 (1550);
• whakahou te Ekalesia (karanga kaunihera hahi);
• whakahou hōia Ivan 4 (te hanganga o ngā hōia tūturu hou i huaina "he Royal", te whakataki o Code o Ratonga);
• whakahou tāke (kākahu whakaurua hoki te pūnaha tāke te whenua o katoa - ki uta);
• whakahou o rohe whaiaro kāwanatanga-(te hanganga o tinana tohutohu ki te mahi ki tetahi raruraru akiaki, e rua ngā kaupapa here ä-me waho - Zemsky Sobor, whakakorenga o te wahi nui o te mana Russian - kai).

pakaru he timatanga nui pērā o te kingitanga i roto i 1553, ka tīmata matou nga rerekētanga i waenganui i te kingi, me tana coterie. Ka rite ki te hua - te parariraa o te tīpakohia koa. I muri i te 10 tau i te taha o nga amo rere hoa pai Ivana Groznogo - Andrei Kurbsky. Tenei mahi rawa fakavaivai'i katoa tumanako o te kingi, a ka kauwhau ia te tīmatanga o te oprichnina. Oprichnina - he wehi o te wa Ivana Groznogo, i kauwhautia e ia i te kainga kingi motuhake (te whenua).

pehia Oprichnina Suzdal, Mozhaisk ko Vyazma me ētahi atu pa tata. Kua mutu Ivan 4 hanganga ki te whakahaere, kua kore nganatanga ake reformist hanga.

tonu Oprichnina ki whakamataku nga tangata o te 7 tau whakamutunga, i muri nei i whakakorea ai. whakahau 4 Ivan te mahia o te hunga katoa e whai wāhi i roto i tona wehi.

E tano ia tapao e i hanga te pakanga toto ki Novgorod i tenei wa.

whai wāhi hanganga o Ivan 4 i roto i te wā tuatahi o tona tikanga ki te whakapakari o te kāwanatanga pokapū, me te kaha o te kingi, kua whakakaha ratou te mana hōia o te whenua katoa, "hoatu" ratou huinga whānui Russian o ture, me te mana whakahaere - te Zemsky Sobor.

Ko te kupu, whai wāhi huringa katoa Ivan 4 ki te hanga o te arikitanga whenua-māngai.