Biosystem - reira ... te tinana kia rite ki te biosystem

Biosystems - he whatunga matatini o ngā rōpū biologically hāngai, i ao ki iti-ngota. whakaata tenei he fakatātā ariā o te pūnaha tupuranga maha i roto i te āhua - taupori o rauropi, whēkau me te kopa. He tauira o ngā pūtau koiora, organelles, complexes macromolecular me huarahi ture nga pūnaha tauine moroiti, me te nanoscopic.

Ko te tinana kia rite ki te biosystem

I roto i te koiora, he kaiao ko tetahi pūnaha ora pātata, me ki kararehe, tipu, harore, protists huakita ranei. E taea e ki etahi whānuitanga ki te whakautu ki whakaohooho, uri, tupu, whanake me te whakahaere i-whaiaro (homeostasis) momo mohiotia katoa o mea i runga i te whenua.

Kaiao rite biosystem ngā o tetahi atu ranei pūtau. Te nuinga o kaiao pūtau-tahi ko te tauine mōkitokito me, reira, no ki te moroiti. Iwi - ko reira kaiao multicellular arā, o maha Tiriona o ngā pūtau whakarōpūtia ki te kopa motuhake, i nga okana.

Liunga me te kanorau o ngā pūnaha koiora

Whakatau tata o te maha o ngā momo hou o te whenua mai i te 10 ki te 14 miriona, o nei anake e pā ana ki 1.2 miriona kua tuhia ōkawatia.

Ko te wā "kaiao" Kei te tika hono ki te wā "whakahaere". Ka taea te tautuhi te reira hei whakaminenga o ngā rāpoi ngota e mahi rite te katoa nui atu iti iho pūmau ranei, e whakaaturia i te āhuatanga o te ora. Ko te tinana kia rite ki te biosystem - ko tetahi hanganga ora, pērā i te tipu, kararehe, harore ranei huakita, e taea tupu me te tini. He huaketo me taea horonga puka ora pararopi i Hātepengia, no te mea whakawhirinaki ratou ki runga ki te huarahi matüora o te pūtau ope.

Ko te tinana tangata rite te biosystem

taea hoki te huaina te tinana tangata biosystem. Ko reira te fakakātoa 'o' whēkau katoa. E hanga matou tinana ake o te maha o ngā pūnaha koiora e mahi mahi motuhake e tika ana mō te ora rā.

• Ko te mahi o te pūnaha circulatory ko ki te neke i te toto, ngā matūkai, hāora, te hauhā me te hormones ki okana me te kopa. Kei a ia ko te ngakau, toto, oko toto, pera me uaua.
• ngā o te raupapa o tinana tūhono, i huihui tukua te tinana ki te takanga mai me te ngaungau kai, me te whai wāhi i roto i te whakahaere koraha te pūnaha kūnatu. Kei roto te reira i te mangai, pū kai, puku, whēkau iti, kopirua, tōu me te nono. Ate me te taiaki tākaro hoki te wāhi nui i roto i te pūnaha kūnatu, no te mea hua ratou he inu kūnatu.
• hanga te pūnaha endocrine te ake o te waru repe nui e te huna hoki hormones ki te toto. Enei hormones, i tahuri, haere ki te kopa rerekē, me te whakahaere i ngā mahi tinana.
• Ko te pūnaha ārai mate ko te ārai o te tinana ki te huakita, huaketo me ētahi atu tukumate kino. Kei roto te reira i te taikiri, kōateate, wheua wheua, ma pūtau toto me lymphocytes.
• Ko te pūnaha lymphatic ngā taikiri, aerodynamics me oko toto, a ka nui ano hoki te tūranga rite parepare o te tinana. Ko tōna whāinga matua - he ki te hanga i me te neke waitinana, he inu mārama kei roto ma pūtau toto e te tauturu i te mate whawhai tinana. tango te pūnaha lymphatic hoki inu lymphatic te taikaha i te kopa tinana me hoki reira ki te toto.
• mana pūnaha io rua noa (hei tauira, he kaupapa matau) me ngā mahi tumu (hei tauira, respiration), ka e tuku tohu ki ngā wāhanga ngā o te tinana. Ko te pūnaha io pokapū ngā te roro, me te ua. Kei o raru ko e hono ia te pūnaha io piringa wahi o te tinana ki te pūnaha io pokapū.
• Ko te pūnaha uaua o te tinana titoa te o e pā ana ki 650 uaua, e tauturu i roto i te kaupapa, tohanga, me te mahi i te maha o te tahi atu mahi tinana.

• pūnaha whakaputa uri taea iwi ki te whakaputa uri. o te tangata pūnaha whakaputa uri ngā te ure me testes, e hua parāoa. ngā o te tenetene, kōpū me ovaries te pūnaha whakaputa uri wahine. I te wa o te haputanga, parāoa wiki ki te hua manu, e hanga he hua manu wairakau, e tupu i roto i te kopu.
• E tautokona to tatou mau tino i te pūnaha kōhiwi, arā, o 206 wheua, e kua hono uaua, mea tuhonohono, me te wheua ngohe. Skeleton tauturu kore noa tatou ki te neke, engari e whai wāhi ano hoki i roto i te hanga o ngā pūtau toto me te konupūmā rokiroki. He niho ano wahi o te pūnaha kōhiwi, engari e kore ratou e tatau nga wheua.
• taea ki te farii i te hāora faufaa, me te tango hauhā i roto i te tukanga e karanga tatou te kupukupu te pūnaha romahā he. Kei reira te nuinga o te pukorokoro, pukapuka, me te HWM.
• tauturu te pūnaha mimi ki te whakakore i te hua ururua i huaina Urea i te tinana. Kei a ia ko e rua whatukuhu, e rua ureters, te tōngāmimi, te taiawa mimi me uaua sphincter rua. Mimi e whakaputaina e te whatukuhu, kua oho ki raro nga ureters ki te tōngāmimi, me te putaatu te tinana i roto i te taiawa mimi.
• Ko te kiri ko te okana nui o te tinana tangata. paruru te reira ia tatou i te waho ao, huakita, huaketo me ētahi atu tukumate, me te āwhina ki te whakahaere i te pāmahana te tinana, me te whakakore i ururua i roto i werawera. I tua atu ki te kiri, te pūnaha integumentary ngā te huruhuru me te whao.

whekau Vital

I roto i te tangata, i reira e rima faufaa whekau, e he tika mo te ora. Ko te roro, ngakau, whatukuhu, ate me pūkahukahu.

• Ko te roro tangata, ko te pokapū mana o te tinana, te fariiraa, me te whakawhitihia tohu ki ētahi atu whēkau i roto i te pūnaha io me i roto i te hormones huna ana. Ko ia te kawenga mō o tatou whakaaro, mau mana'o, mau haamana'oraa, me te perception whānui o te ao.
• Ko te ngakau tangata te kawenga mō te kutētē toto puta noa to tatou tinana.
• whatukuhu mahi ko ki te tango ururua me te anō fluids i te toto.
• He maha ngā mahi, tae atu i te detoxification o ngā matū kino, te parariraa o te filtration rongoā toto, secretion o ate, me te hanga o te pūmua mō te upoo- toto te ate.
• He kawenga mō te tango o te hāora i te rangi manawa tatou me te whakawhiti i te reira i roto i to tatou toto, te wahi e taea te tonoa e te reira ki to tatou pūtau pūkahukahu. tango hoki pūkahukahu hauhā e exhale tatou.

meka ngahau

• Kei roto i te tinana tangata e pā ana ki 100 trillion pūtau.
• e te pakeke toharite he 20,000 te whakahā ia ra.
• Katoa ra e pā ana ki 200 puku tukinotia i hauwha (50 mehua) o te toto ki te tātari i roto i pā ana ki 2 mehua o te wai me te ururua.
• emit tangata Pakeke e pā ana ki te hauwhā me te hawhe (1.42 rita) o te mimi i ia ra.
• Kei roto i te roro tangata e pā ana ki 100 piriona ngā pūtau io.
• hanga Water ake neke atu i te 50 ōrau o te taimaha o te tinana tangata pakeke.

He aha te tinana i huaina biosystem?

He rauropi ora ko te tetahi whakahaere o mea ora. Ko reira biosystem, e, rite tetahi atu pūnaha, ngā āhuatanga tūhonohono, pērā i ngā rāpoi ngota, ngā pūtau, te kopa, whēkau. whakaritea nga mea katoa i roto i tenei ao i roto i o te tahi mea te kaiao tūturu me ora nahanaha. tikanga o tēnei e e tito nga rāpoi ngota o ngā pūtau, i ngā pūtau - kikokiko i te kiko - te tinana o nga whekau - pūnaha okana. Āhuatanga Biosystems ngā ano putanga, e te tikanga te kounga ahua o ngā āhuatanga hou, ka he hakari, me te ngaro i te taumata o mua huānga ngā.

Cell rite te biosystem

taea hoki te huaina te pūtau kotahi te biosystem oti. Ko te wae taketake o e he ona ake hanganga, me te pākia tenei. He mea e taea ki te tīariari i runga i ona ake, uri ratou me te whakawhanake i ō rātou ake ture. I roto i te koiora, i reira te mea he wāhanga katoa whakatapua ki tona ako, ka karanga cytology me te koiora pūtau.

Whare herehere - te pūnaha ora māmā, e ngā wae takitahi e whai āhuatanga motuhake, me te kawe i roto i o ratou kawenga.

pūnaha matatini

Ngā Biosystem o te momo kotahi o te mea ora i macromolecules me ki te taupori o ngā pūtau me rauwiringa. He nga taumata e whai ake nei o te whakahaere:

• taumata ira;
• taumata pūtau;
• okana me ngā pūnaha ki te okana;
• kaiao me ngā pūnaha;
• taupori me te taupori pūnaha;
• hapori me rauwiringa kaiao.

wāhanga koiora o te taumata ngā o te whakahaere i roto i te tetahi raupapa taunekeneke ki te natura popohe, pūngao, me te tahi atu wāhanga abiotic me matū. Tei runga i te tauine, ko te kaupapa o te momo o pekanga pūnaha rerekē. Ira whai wāhi i roto i te iranga, whakaaro cytology pūtau. Tinana e runga whaiaroaro. Ngā Akoranga Ichthyology kaiao, te koioraiti, kaimātai aotea, mātauranga tikanga tangata, me te pera i runga i.