Hāora Atomic: āhuatanga whai hua. He aha te mea hāora ngota?

A feruri na i te hoho'a peni faufaa e i kino e te ahi kino. tae Ataahua maitai tono i roto i te momo o ngā tae, kua ngaro i raro i ngā papa o te ngarahu mangu. e te mea he, faahiahia ngatangatá ngaro.

makutu pūtaiao

Otiia e kore e mahi i te ahoaho. whakanohoia Painting te i roto i te ruma korehau roto i hanga taonga he e kitea, ka karanga hāora ngota kaha. I roto i te torutoru haora ra ranei, āta engari he pono aki rau, me te tīmata i te tae ki te puta ano. Hipoki ki te kahu hou o wanihi mārama, ka hoki te peita ki tona kororia o mua.

Kia mea he e te reira makutu, engari he mea i te pūtaiao. Te tikanga, whakawhanakehia e te pūtaiao i te pokapū rangahau Glennovskom (GIZ) NASA whakamahi hāora ngota mo te atawhai me te whakaoranga o mahi o toi, e pai te kore e haape'ape'a roa. Ko te taea ki te whakahoromata rawa implants hāparapara hangaia mo te tinana tangata, e tino whakaiti te mōrea o te mumura hoki te taonga. Hoki tūroro ki te mate huka, ka taea e te whakapai ake i te reira i te pūrere aroturuki kūhuka, hoki nei i mua e hiahiatia ana i te wahi anake o te toto e hiahiatia ana mo te whakamātautau e taea tūroro whakahaere ratou huru. Ka taea te kanokano te taonga mata polymer mo pai adhesion o ngā pūtau wheua, e oroko ake taea hou i roto i te rongoa.

A ko reira e taea te whiwhi tika he taonga kaha i te rangi.

Atomic me hāora rāpoi

vai hāora i roto i te maha ngā puka rerekē. Ko te hau tatou e manawa huaina e _2, e ko, ngā reira o rua ngota. He he ngota hāora, te tātai o nei - e (ngota). Ko te ahua tuatoru o te huānga matū - e _3. Tenei pekerangi, e, mo te tauira, i kitea i roto i te huru o runga o te whenua.

hāora Atomic i roto i ngā āhuatanga tūturu i runga i te mata o te whenua mo te wa roa e kore e taea te tīariari. He he tauhohenga tino nui. Hei tauira, hāora ngota i roto i te wai hanga hauwai. Otiia i roto i te wāhi, te wahi i reira he he nui nui o te radiation hihi katinga, te e ₂ muingota e ngāwari ake pakaru ki runga ki te hanga i te puka ngota. Te huru i roto i te āmionga whenua iti i 96% ngā o te hāora ngota. I te ata o te rakau wāhi misioni e NASA tona aroaro ai raruraru.

Kino ki te pai

E ai ki a Bruce Banks, he ahupūngao matua "Alfaporta" mahi i roto i te rangahau o te taiao wāhi i te pokapū Glennovskogo peka, i muri i titiro te ruarua flights tuatahi o nga rauemi rakau wāhi o tona hanganga me te mea i hipokina ratou ki te haupapa (i waiho i raro ratou ki te horo nui, me te texturing). tauhohe hāora Atomic ki rauemi organic koture waka ātea āta hoko ratou.

GIZ ki te tirotiro i te take o te kino. Ka rite ki te hua, e kore i whakapumautia kairangahau tikanga o te tiaki waka ātea i hāora ngota anake, ka kitea ano hoki e ratou he ara ki te whakamahi i te mana haamou pea o tenei huānga matū mō te whakapai ake i te ora i runga i te whenua.

Horo i roto i te wāhi

A, no te Ko te waka ātea i āmionga whenua iti (e kua whakaaturia me te wahi waka topu hāngai ISS), hāora ngota i hanga i te huru wäriu, ka taea e ariu ki te mata o te waka ātea, hei papaka ai ratou. I roto i te teihana whanaketanga, kua pūnaha mana āwangawanga e mamae nga mea timatanga pūhiko solar hanga i waerau kinonga tere e tika ana ki te mahi o te oxidizer kaha.

karaihe ngāwari

Kua kitea NASA te otinga. Kua whakawhanakehia tētahi rōpū o pūtaiao i Glennovskogo Center Research te paninga angiangi-kiriata mō awhi solar i rānei i ki te mahi o te huānga kaitaua. Takawai karaihe ranei, kua oxidized kua, kia kore e taea te pakaru i te reira na roto i te hāora ngota. Kua hanga ngā kairangahau he paninga o te karaihe silica piata, he pera kikokore e ko te reira ngāwari. Kei te mau piri tenei paparanga paruru ki te rōpū teriuma me te tiaki i te reira i te horo, i waho impairing tetahi o ona āhuatanga waiariki. Ko kapinga tonu pai te tiaki i nga awhi solar o te International Space Station, a kua hoki kua whakamahia ki te tiaki i te teihana photovoltaic "Mir".

E ai ki a Banks, pai haere awhi solar neke atu i nga tau kotahi tekau o te noho i roto i te wāhi.

Te whakamahinga o te kaha o

I muri i te haamau'araa i rau o whakamātautau i nga wahi o te whanaketanga o coatings ātete ki te hāora ngota, riro he rōpū o kaiputaiao i te Research Centre Glennovskogo wheako i roto i te māramatanga me pehea te matū. kite ngā tohunga te taea o te whakamahi i te tahi atu huānga pukuriri.

E ai ki Banks, ka mōhio o te huringa i roto i te matū mata o te horo o ngā rauemi waro te rōpū. Āhuatanga o te hāora ngota he penei e he reira e taea ki te tango i tetahi organics, pūwaro, e kore e nei huru noa ki ngā matū tikanga.

Kua kitea kairangahau maha ngā huarahi ki te whakamahi i te reira. ako ratou e tahuri te hāora ngota te mata silicone i roto i te karaihe, e taea e whai hua ki te hanga koe i ngā wāhanga ki te hiri hermetic kahore piripiri ratou ki tetahi ki tetahi. Kei te hangaia tenei tukanga mō te taatiraa i te International Space Station. I tua atu, i kitea te pūtaiao e taea te hāora ngota whakahokia a mau tonu te mahi pakaru o toi, ki te whakapai ake i te rauemi o te hanganga o te waka rererangi, me te ki te whai hua te iwi rite taea te whakamahi i te reira i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā tono biomedical.

Kāmera me pūrere kawe

E ngā huarahi o mana o te hāora ngota i runga i te mata. Ko te ruma korehau tino whakamahia nuitia. rerekē ratou rahi i ngā pouaka hu mua ki te tāutanga 1.2 x 1.8 x 0.9 m. Mā te whakamahi i ngaruiti auau irirangi ranei radiation e pakaru ₂ E te rāpoi ake āhua o te hāora ngota. whakanohoia te ruma i te tauira o te auau horo polymer e tohu te kukū o te taonga kaha i roto i te kōwae.

Ko tētahi atu tikanga o te tono i te taonga, ko te whakaaro kawe e taea ki te whakatikatika i te awa kuiti o te āpitihāora ki te ūnga motuhake. E taea te waihanga i taua pūhiko rere ahei o hipoki te wāhi nui o te mata tukinotia.

Ka rite ki te rangahau anō he hiahia i roto i te whakamahi o te hāora ngota he maha tipu o ahumahi. Kua whakaritea NASA te momo o ngā pātuitanga, kaupapa tahi me āpiti, e kua riro angitu i roto i ngā wāhi pakihi i roto i te nuinga o te wā.

hāora Atomic ki te tinana

e kore te tono rangahau o te huānga matū iti ki te wāhi i waho. hāora ngota, kua tāutuhia ngā āhuatanga whai hua, engari atu e ratou ki te kia tirotiro, kitea maha tono hauora.

Kei te whakamahia te reira mo texturing te mata o waerau ka hanga taea ratou ki te tupu tahi me te wheua. Kei te nuinga o nga waerau pei i ngā pūtau wheua engari mahia huānga kaha matū adhesion kakano-te whakarei ake. arata'i tenei ki tetahi atu painga, e hopoi mai te hāora ngota - maimoatanga o mate o te pūnaha musculoskeletal.

kia hoki te whakamahi i tēnei oxidizer ki te tango poke i te implants hāparapara kaha biologically. Ahakoa ki te mahi o whakahoromata te mata o implants taea e uaua ki te tango tohu katoa o ngā pūtau kitakita nāianei, ka karanga endotoxins. Ēnei matū organic, engari e kore e ora, te kore e taea e ki te tango ia ratou te sterilization. Ka taea e Endotoxins meinga mumura o te pou-implantation, i te mea he take nui o te mamae, me te pūmanawa pōauautanga i roto i te tūroro ki te whakapumautia rawatia ētehi.

hāora ngota, āhuatanga whai hua reira taea ki te horoi i te prosthesis me tango tohu katoa o ngā rauemi organic, nui te whakaiti i te mōrea o te mumura pou-operative e hanga. arata'i tenei ki te whakapai ake i roto i nga hua o ngā mahi, me te whakaiti o te mamae i roto i te tūroro.

Sotaiete mō wharewhare

Kei te whakamahia hoki te hangarau i roto i te pūoko o te kūhuka, me te tahi atu te aroturuki hauora, me te koiora. tono ratou muka whatu kiriaku, kakano hāora ngota. Tenei maimoatanga taea te muka ki te tātari i roto i nga pūtau toto whero, tuku i te serum whakapā whai hua ake ki te aroturuki Tārewa matū wae.

E ai ki a Miller, Sharon, he hiko i te Tari o te taiao wāhi me ngā Glennovskogo NASA pokapū rangahau, hanga ana e ia tika atu te whakamātautau, me i te wa taua ki te ine i whakamātautau huka toto hiahiatia he rōrahi nui iti o te toto. Ka taea e te tiki e koe he pere tata ki hea i runga i te tinana, me te ki te whiwhi i te nui rawaka o te toto ki te whakatau i te taumata o te huka.

Ko tētahi atu huarahi ki te whiwhi hāora ngota - hauwai. Ko reira he oxidizer nui atu kaha atu i rāpoi. Ko e tika ana ki te noho noa ki i decomposes hauwai tenei. hāora Atomic i hanga e tenei, mahi nui atu hihiri rāpoi. meinga tenei te a mahi tono o te hauwai waikuratei: te whakangaromanga o ngā rāpoi ngota o tae me microorganisms.

faaho'iraa mai

A, no te ki te mahi o te toi i mōrearea o te kino tina heke tango täoke organic kia whakamahia ai hāora ngota, e waiho te tauira tonu rauemi. tango te tukanga rauemi organic katoa pērā i te waro ngarahu ranei, engari te tikanga e kore pānga i runga i te peita. Uhi te tikanga i takenga pararopi, me te e kua oxidized, me tenei tikanga e kore ratou e tūkino i te hāora. waikano Organic kia hoki kia penapena i roto i te wa tatau puaretanga tupato. He haumaru rawa te kakahu, no te mea he hāora ngota i roto i te whakapā anake ki te mata o te peita.

mahi toi kua whakanohoia i roto i te ruma korehau i roto i i hanga e te āpitihāora te. Tei runga i te tohu o te kino ki te pikitia kia noho ki reira mō te 20 ki te 400 haora. Hoki te maimoatanga motuhake o te rohe papaka i roto i te hiahia o te faaho'iraa mai, hoki e taea te whakamahi i te reira i te awa o te hāora ngota. Faaore i te hiahia ki te tuu i te mahi toi i roto i te ruma korehau.

Ngarahu, me te lipstick - kahore raruraru

timata Taonga, ara me hahi ki te whakapā i te GIZ, ki te whakaora me te whakahoki o ratou mahi o te toi. Kua whakaatu Center Research te kaha ki te whakahoki i te peita pakaru o Jackson Pollock, tango lipstick ki peita Endi Uorhola me whakaora pakaru e paowa kānawehi hahi o St. Stanislaus i Cleveland. whakamahia Team Glennovskogo Research Centre te hāora ngota ki te whakahoki whakaaro te kongakonga e ngaro - tenetere-tawhito tārua Italian o Raphael o "Madonna o te heamana", no ki a St. Alban Episcopal Ekalesia i roto i Cleveland ..

E ai ki Banks, ko te tino whai hua tenei huānga matū. I roto i te faaho'iraa mai toi mahi reira pai. Heoi, e kore te tahi mea e taea e koe te hoko i roto i te pounamu i tenei, engari ko te reira nui atu whai hua.

Studies heke mai

NASA i runga i te pūtake reimbursable ki te mahi ki te momo o kaiwhaiwāhi i roto i te hāora ngota. tavini Glennovsky Research Centre takitahi, nei faufaa mahi o toi kua pāngia e te ahi te kāinga, me te koporeihana, rapu te taea o te whakamahi i tenei rauemi i roto i tono biomedical pērā i LightPointe Medical o Erene Prairie, Minnesota. Kua kitea e te kamupene maha whakamahinga o te hāora ngota, me te te haere ki te kitea atu ara.

E ai ki Banks, i reira i tokomaha ngā wāhi unexplored. I kitea te reira i te tau nui o ngā tono mō te hangarau wāhi, engari pea tokomaha atu e piri ana i waho i te hangarau wāhi.

Space i roto i te mahi o te tangata

He rōpū o pūtaiao tūmanako ki te haere tonu ki te tūhura huarahi o te whakamahi i te hāora ngota, me te kitea te fafau te hunga kua. Kua arai maha hangarau, me te tūmanako rōpū GIZ e ka raihana te kamupene, me te hokohoko i etahi o ratou, e ka kawea atu a tae noa hua ki te taata.

I raro i etahi tikanga, kia te hāora ngota meinga kino. Ngā mihi ki a NASA kairangahau, kei te hanga i tenei taonga inaianei he takoha pai ki te hōpara ātea , me te ora i runga i te whenua. Ahakoa ko reira te tiaki o mahi mahu'inga o toi o te hauora tangata ranei, te hāora ngota ko te taputapu kaha. Mahi tahi ia utu te he rau, a ko tonu kitea nga hua.